Much of the water supply in the Pacific Northwest originates in national forests. It sustains the region’s aquatic ecosystems, agriculture, hydroelectric power, and community water supplies.

Since 1960, the Forest Service has been guided by the multiple-use concept, which recognizes five major uses for public lands-timber, water, range, recreation, and fish and wildlife habitat-and mandates that all five should be equally considered in management plans.

As a signatory to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the United States annually compiles a report on the nation's carbon flux—the amount of carbon emitted into the atmosphere compared to the amount stored by terrestrial landscapes.

Alaska’s Arctic tundra is one of the most rapidly warming regions in the world. For years, scientists have been working to interpret the effects of its changing climate and determine what these changes may mean for the rest of the planet. Coarse-scale satellite imagery of much of this region shows the tundra is becoming greener. This has been widely attributed to shrub expansion.

Resource managers have long mapped biophysical forest data. Often lacking, however, is relevant social science data for understanding the variety of human needs a given landscape fulfills.

Air quality is a critical issue affecting the health of billions of people worldwide, yet often little is known about what is in the air we breathe. To reduce air pollution’s health impacts, pollution sources must first be reliably identified. Otherwise, it is impossible to design and effectively enforce environmental standards. However, urban networks of air quality monitors are often too widely spaced to identify the sources of air pollutants, especially for pollutants that do not disperse far from their sources. Developing high-resolution pollution maps with data from these widely spaced monitors is problematic.

Increasing the population of spring Chinook salmon and summer steelhead in Washington state’s Methow River is a goal of the Upper Columbia Spring Chinook Salmon and Steelhead Recovery Plan. Spring Chinook salmon and summer steelhead are listed as endangered and threatened, respectively, under the Endangered Species Act.

Millions of people head to federal lands every year for recreation—891 million visits in 2016 alone. These visits have significant economic implications, not only for restaurants, resorts, outfitters, and other businesses near recreation sites, but also for the people actually participating in outdoor recreation.

Accurate measurements of natural resources are a prerequisite for resource assessment. Demetrios Gatziolis, a scientist with the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and his colleagues with Washington State University developed and tested protocols for using structure-from-motion photogrammetry to obtain data that can be used to construct 3-dimensional (3-D) representations of trees, other vegetation, and down wood. This type of photogrammetry is a remote-sensing technique based on a sequence of digital images or video footage. Gatziolis and his colleagues focused on developing protocols for using it under the forest canopy. Their method can serve as a guide for others interested in obtaining inexpensive, precise 3-D data of trees in field plots. The researchers continue to perfect the technology so it can be reliably deployed by field crews with a minimal amount of training.

The Malheur model for fire-caused delayed mortality is presented as an easily interpreted graph (mortality-probability calculator) as part of a one-page field guide that allows the user to determine postfire probability of mortality for ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.).

Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) B.S.P) is the dominant forest cover type in interior Alaska and is prone to frequent, stand-replacing wildfires.

Old-growth forests provide unique habitat features and landscape functions compared to younger stands. The goals of many forest management plans in the Pacific Northwest include increasing the area of late-successional and old-growth forests.

Over the past 30 years, the Pacific Northwest Interagency Natural Areas Committee has promoted the establishment and management of natural areas in Oregon and Washington--protected areas devoted to research, education, and conservation of biodiversity.

Two series of single and stereo photographs display a range of natural conditions and fuel loadings in post-hurricane forests in the southeastern United States. Each group of photos includes inventory information summarizing vegetation composition, structure and loading, woody material loading and density by size class, forest floor loading, and various site characteristics. The natural fuels photo series is designed to help land managers appraise fuel and vegetation conditions in natural settings.

Tree Frog menu revised to have scrolling sub menu lists to save space.

A click version of the Light Box for all browsers except Safari and Chrome

A conversion of the horizontal scrolling gallery into a vertical version.

Back to basics to show how to use the latest techniques to produce a flyout menu with the widths of the sub levels automatically sized to fit the longest text.

Fixing a problem when having vertical divide lines between horizontal link and using rollover images.

A very simple method of magnifying an image using just CSS

A vertical menu with a 2 tier flyout and the last tier can contain any information you like including images, text and further links.

Using the latest techniques for no hacks menus this is a vertical slide version with all the features of the dropdown menu including tabbing, and the sub list stays open when clicking the top level.

Using the latest techniques for no hacks menus this is a vertical flyout version with all the features of the slide menu including tabbing, and the sub list stays open when clicking the top level.

A fly left version of the previous menu, again with no hacks, table, conditional comments or javascript.

A click gallery in which the large image is permanently on screen until another image is chosen EVEN when refreshing the page.

Added a click to open and also a reclick to close feature.

A zoom icon with a popup sub menu in a speech bubble.

A vertical sliding menu with current page styling and the ability to override the current page style when hovering other items.

A click gallery using 'Previous' and 'Next' buttons to navigate, in which the large image is permanently on screen until another image is chosen EVEN when refreshing the page. With descriptive text and linking option.

A click gallery using 'Previous' and 'Next' preview images to navigate, in which the large image is permanently on screen until another image is chosen EVEN when refreshing the page. With descriptive text and linking option.

The previous gallery but with the thumbnails arranged vertically instead of horizontal.

CSS play's 'Clickbox' version of Lightbox that now works in Safari(PC) and Google Chrome.

A practical use of CSS play's 'Clickbox'. A CSS only version of Lightbox that now works in Safari(PC) and Google Chrome.

Using CSS3 general sibling selector to produce a left/right click gallery.

Using CSS3 adjacent sibling selector to produce a Clickbox Gallery.

Using CSS3 adjacent sibling selector to produce a Click Slideshow.

Using CSS3 transitions to produce a smooth zoom on hover icon menu.

Using CSS3 transitions and delay to produce a sliced image rollover 'poster' change.

A simple picture gallery with CSS3 enhancements and pictures of various sizes.

Using CSS3 to animate an icon menu with associated text.

A flyout set of social network icons with slide action aimed at the Safari Mobile browser (iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch).

Using CSS3 to produce a vertical sliding set of panels with menus.

Using CSS3 to produce a Carousel Slideshow. Animation for Safari, Chrome, Opera and Safari v4 beta ONLY at the moment. Now with a click action

Using just CSS to produce a multi-level menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

Continuing with the 'click' series to demonstrate a dropline menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

The next in the 'click' series to demonstrate a flyout menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

The next in the 'click' series to demonstrate a vertical slide menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

Using CSS3 to produce a slideshow with a hover/click action and animation.

Another menu in the 'click' series to demonstrate a vertical concertina menu with a click action instead of the normal hover and working in IE6.

Using CSS3 to produce a click action dropline menu with multiple levels.