This seminar, jointly organised by the OECD and the Ministry of Finance of Japan, will address quality infrastructure investment, governance, planning and technology issues as well as data collection and benchmarking for quality infrastructure. It is taking place on 12-13 September 2018, in Tokyo, Japan.

23-24 April 2019, Paris - Debates at the 2019 Global Forum focused on the funding environment, the role of borrowing instruments in broadening the investor base, technological advances in finance for government bond markets and challenging debt dynamics.

This paper studies the case of Turkey and suggests several tools to promote retirement planning. Section I provides a review of the traditional and behavioural policy instruments designed to promote retirement savings, along with a discussion on their effectiveness.

Temperature in Nepal decreased to 21.19 celsius in August from 21.37 celsius in July of 2013. Temperature in Nepal averaged 14.81 celsius from 1796 until 2013, reaching an all time high of 23.44 celsius in June of 2012 and a record low of 2.68 celsius in January of 1813. This page includes a chart with historical data for Nepal Temperature.

Unemployment Rate in Nepal decreased to 3.20 percent in 2017 from 3.40 percent in 2016. Unemployment Rate in Nepal averaged 2.99 percent from 1991 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 4.50 percent in 1996 and a record low of 1.90 percent in 1999. In Nepal, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Nepal Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Luxembourg stands at AAA with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Luxembourg was last set at Aaa with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Luxembourg was last reported at AAA with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Luxembourg is AAA with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Luxembourg thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Luxembourg as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Temperature in Rwanda increased to 21.08 celsius in August from 20.02 celsius in July of 2013. Temperature in Rwanda averaged 19.24 celsius from 1850 until 2013, reaching an all time high of 21.66 celsius in September of 1997 and a record low of 16.88 celsius in December of 1860. This page includes a chart with historical data for Rwanda Temperature.

The number of employed persons in Rwanda increased to 3405.88 Thousand in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 3152.83 Thousand in the third quarter of 2019. Employed Persons in Rwanda averaged 3250.92 Thousand from 2019 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 3405.88 Thousand in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 3152.83 Thousand in the third quarter of 2019. This page provides - Rwanda Employed Persons- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Rwanda increased to 46.50 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 43.90 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Rwanda averaged 45.25 percent from 2019 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 46.50 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 43.90 percent in the third quarter of 2019. This page provides - Rwanda Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Rwanda decreased to 15.40 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 16 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Unemployment Rate in Rwanda averaged 12.04 percent from 2001 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 17.80 percent in the third quarter of 2017 and a record low of 1 percent in the fourth quarter of 2001. In Rwanda, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Rwanda Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This report provides, for the Flemish community of Belgium, an independent analysis of major issues facing the educational evaluation and assessment framework, current policy initiatives, and possible future approaches.

The OECD Working Group on Bribery has serious concerns regarding Belgium’s limited efforts to comply with the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.

Unemployment in Belgium fell back to its pre-crisis level sooner than in most other OECD countries, but then rose significantly again in 2012 and has only recently begun to decline again. At 6.8% in April, it was still above its pre-crisis level and 0.9 percentage points above the OECD average.

Belgium’s tax, labour, pension and education reforms have improved the potential for stronger, sustainable and inclusive growth over the long term. Keeping up this momentum on structural reforms is key to energise the economy and keep it resilient to external risks and uncertainties, according to a new OECD report.

Unemployment Rate in Brunei increased to 9.10 percent in 2019 from 8.90 percent in 2018. Unemployment Rate in Brunei averaged 6.32 percent from 1991 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 9.30 percent in 2017 and a record low of 4.70 percent in 1991. In Brunei, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Brunei Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Capacity Utilization in Luxembourg decreased to 53.80 percent in the second quarter of 2020 from 83.40 percent in the first quarter of 2020. Capacity Utilization in Luxembourg averaged 79.75 percent from 1985 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 88.20 percent in the first quarter of 2007 and a record low of 53.80 percent in the second quarter of 2020. This page provides - Luxembourg Capacity Utilization - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Temperature in Malawi decreased to 25.56 celsius in December from 25.97 celsius in November of 2015. Temperature in Malawi averaged 21.45 celsius from 1850 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 26.17 celsius in November of 1957 and a record low of 15.83 celsius in July of 1907. This page includes a chart with historical data for Malawi Average Temperature.

Unemployment Rate in Malawi remained unchanged at 5.40 percent in 2019 from 5.40 percent in 2018. Unemployment Rate in Malawi averaged 7.02 percent from 1991 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 7.80 percent in 2003 and a record low of 5.40 percent in 2018. In Malawi, the unemployment rate is based on the strict ILO definition, which is much lower than the unemployment rate obtained using the broad definition (20.4 percent). This page provides - Malawi Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Temperature in Isle of Man decreased to 15.38 celsius in August from 16.46 celsius in July of 2013. Temperature in Isle of Man averaged 9.37 celsius from 1743 until 2013, reaching an all time high of 17.82 celsius in August of 1995 and a record low of -0.14 celsius in February of 1895. This page includes a chart with historical data for Isle of Man Temperature.

Temperature in Mali decreased to 21.09 celsius in December from 26.52 celsius in November of 2015. Temperature in Mali averaged 28.45 celsius from 1849 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 35.37 celsius in May of 2015 and a record low of 19.06 celsius in January of 1889. This page includes a chart with historical data for Mali Average Temperature.

Unemployment Rate in Mali increased to 9.80 percent in 2019 from 9.60 percent in 2018. Unemployment Rate in Mali averaged 6.91 percent from 1991 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 11.70 percent in 2007 and a record low of 3.10 percent in 1992. In Mali, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Mali Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Exports to United Arab Emirates in Turkey decreased to 213.54 USD Million in March from 264.20 USD Million in February of 2020. Exports to United Arab Emirates in Turkey averaged 415.80 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1097.41 USD Million in July of 2017 and a record low of 153.45 USD Million in January of 2018. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Uae.

Exports to Yemen in Turkey increased to 97774.94 USD THO in March from 92437.88 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Yemen in Turkey averaged 54464.39 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 119408.06 USD THO in January of 2019 and a record low of 4734 USD THO in May of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Yemen.

Imports from United Arab Emirates in Turkey decreased to 260204.98 USD THO in March from 316146.31 USD THO in February of 2020. Imports from United Arab Emirates in Turkey averaged 320589 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 742528.18 USD THO in March of 2017 and a record low of 119014 USD THO in October of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from the United Arab Emirates.

Imports from Luxembourg in Turkey increased to 11083.08 USD THO in March from 7153.77 USD THO in February of 2020. Imports from Luxembourg in Turkey averaged 12290.26 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 104764 USD THO in January of 2015 and a record low of 6104.71 USD THO in June of 2019. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from Luxembourg.

Unemployment Rate in Greece decreased to 16.10 percent in February from 16.20 percent in January of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Greece averaged 16.28 percent from 1998 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 27.90 percent in July of 2013 and a record low of 7.40 percent in May of 2008. In Greece, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Greece Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Employment Rate in Greece increased to 83.04 percent in February from 82.81 percent in January of 2020. Employment Rate in Greece averaged 83.06 percent from 2004 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 93.28 percent in May of 2008 and a record low of 71.29 percent in November of 2013. In Greece, the employment rate measures the number of people aged 15 to 74 who have a job as a percentage of the labour force from the same age group. This page provides - Greece Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The number of employed persons in Greece decreased to 3779.23 Thousand in February of 2020 from 3857.07 Thousand in January of 2020. Employed Persons in Greece averaged 4053.86 Thousand from 2004 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 4658.20 Thousand in October of 2008 and a record low of 3438.10 Thousand in March of 2015. In Greece, employed persons are individuals with a minimum required age who work during a certain time for a business. This page provides the latest reported value for - Greece Employed Persons - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Employment Rate in Cyprus increased to 71 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 70.80 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Cyprus averaged 67.17 percent from 2000 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 71.50 percent in the fourth quarter of 2007 and a record low of 60.90 percent in the first quarter of 2014. In Cyprus, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Cyprus Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Cyprus increased to 6.70 percent in March from 5.80 percent in February of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Cyprus averaged 7.80 percent from 2000 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 16.50 percent in March of 2014 and a record low of 3 percent in March of 2002. In Cyprus, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Cyprus Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The number of employed persons in Cyprus increased to 416.50 Thousand in 2019 from 400.80 Thousand in 2018. Employed Persons in Cyprus averaged 283.58 Thousand from 1970 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 416.50 Thousand in 2019 and a record low of 135 Thousand in 1975. In Cyprus, employed persons are individuals with a minimum required age who work during a certain time for a business. This page provides - Cyprus Employed Persons - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This note is taken from Chapter 2 of Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2011.

The Irish economy still faces tough challenges as the country exits from a deep recession and banking crisis, but its long-term prospects now appear better than many of the other hard hit European countries, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Survey of Ireland.

Germany recovered rapidly from the 2008-09 recession, with GDP topping pre-crisis rates during 2011 and unemployment falling significantly. Public finances are sound, but further reforms are needed to transform its growth model to thrive as a knowledge-based economy.

This note is taken from Chapter 2 of Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2012.

The global economy is recovering, but confidence is extremely uneven across different regions, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Outlook. European governments must take greater action to ensure that the crisis in the euro area does not derail the recovery.

Spain is immersed in a prolonged recession that has been compounded by the continuing crisis in the euro area. The path to recovery has been launched, but will require full implementation of reforms and some additional measures to restore confidence in the financial sector, redress public finances and bring down high unemployment, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Survey of Spain.

The Slovak Republic recovered strongly from the global economic crisis and is weathering well the storm that has struck its main European trading partners. The challenges going forward will be restoring public finances while driving down unemployment and fostering long-term inclusive growth, says the latest Economic Survey.

The Colombian economy is strong and the outlook is promising, but the country must do more to ensure that the ongoing commodities boom contributes to sustainable and inclusive growth over the long-term, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Assessment of Colombia.

The Slovak economy experienced a strong but short recession in 2009. The recovery afterwards was driven by exports and investment. While GDP growth was one of the strongest in OECD, employment did not reach the pre-crisis level and unemployment remains stubbornly high.

In this paper we examine whether past labour market reforms aiming at reducing the rate of unemployment have raised its long-run volatility.

This short paper analyses the decline of France’s trade balance over the past 15 years. While the loss in export market shares is comparable to that of the major OECD countries except Germany, it is one of the largest among the countries of the euro area.

The main features of China’s current sub-national finance arrangements date back to the 1994 tax reform. China has a multi-level government structure that shares national tax revenues through a system of tax sharing and transfers, and divides spending assignments and responsibilities.

Under the Universal Credit reform, the main means-tested benefits except the Council Tax Benefit will be pooled into one single benefit with one single taper rate. The reform will give people better incentives to work, reduce complexity and contribute to reducing poverty.

Luxembourg is a rich and fast-growing country. However, inequality of disposable incomes has trended up modestly over the past decades and relative poverty has risen reflecting mainly the rapid growth of high incomes.

The unemployment rate among young people has reached painfully high levels, in particular among those young people with low levels of education.

Legal systems provide the basic institutions for firms and markets to operate. Their quality can have important consequences on the size distribution of firms, who rely on them for contract enforcement. This paper uses the variation in legal system quality across states in Mexico to examine the relationship between judicial quality and firm size.

The OECD provides an update on global economy in this statement to the International Monetary and Financial Committee - April 2013.

Well-functioning judicial systems play a crucial role in determining economic performance – notably by guaranteeing the security of property rights and the enforcement of contracts – but not all countries’ judiciaries operate at the same level of efficiency.

With strong economic growth overall and an increasingly important role as a regional economic centre, Luxembourg is experiencing mounting environmental pressures. This is mainly a result of a growing population and a rapid increase in transport, which is dominated by the car, as the number of workers commuting within Luxembourg and from across the border has risen rapidly.