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Mind the gaps: boosting productivity and reducing inequality in Chile

Chile has been one of the fastest-growing economies in the OECD in recent decades. Sound macroeconomic management, bold structural reforms, such as trade and investment liberalisation, and buoyant natural-resource sectors, supported fast convergence in living standards.However, progress has slowed: declining productivity gains are limiting prospects for rising incomes and better-quality jobs; and inequality remains stubbornly high.




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Economic expansion offers Israel opportunity to move toward a more inclusive society

The Israeli economy continues to register remarkable performance, with strong growth, low and falling unemployment and sound public finances leading to the 15th consecutive year of economic expansion. Further reforms will be needed to drive down inequality and raise living standards for all Israelis, according to a new report from the OECD.




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Economic Survey of Israel 2018

Israel’s economy continues to register remarkable macroeconomic and fiscal performance. Growth is strong and unemployment low and falling. With low interest rates and price stability, financial policy is prudent, and public debt is comparatively low and declining.




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Finland: growing and reforming, but no time for complacency

After a long period of lacklustre economic performance, robust growth has resumed.




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Poland: Build on current economic strength to innovate and invest in skills and infrastructure

Poland’s economic growth remains strong. Rising family benefits and a booming jobs market are lifting household income while poverty rates and inequality are falling, says a new OECD report.




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Tunisia: reviving the process of economic convergence for the benefit of all Tunisians

Tunisia is firmly committed to a process of democratisation that needs underpinning by economic reforms in order to guarantee an improved standard of living for all Tunisians.




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Investment as a transmission mechanism from weak demand to weak supply and the post-crisis productivity slowdown

Current weak labour productivity growth in many OECD countries reflects historically weak contributions from both total factor productivity (TFP) growth and capital deepening.




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Costa Rica: Distribuir los beneficios del crecimiento más ampliamente

La economía de Costa Rica es sólida y continúa convergiendo hacia los niveles de vida de los países miembros de la OCDE.




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The deterioration of the public spending mix during the global financial crisis: Insights from new indicators

The analysis suggests that countries with a counter-cyclical fiscal stance typically have a public spending structure that is more supportive of inclusive growth.




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OECD appoints Laurence Boone as new Chief Economist

OECD appoints Laurence Boone as new Chief Economist




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Amid strong outlook for U.S. economy, risks abound

The U.S. economy is experiencing one of the longest expansions on record, but the scars left by the Great Recession, as well as challenges posed by globalization and automation shocks, remain visible across the country, according to a new report from the OECD.




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Un mayor crecimiento, aunque se advierten importantes riesgos

Después de un largo período de débil crecimiento, la economía mundial finalmente está creciendo alrededor del 4%, cercano al promedio histórico de las últimas décadas.




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Miracle or Mirage: What role can trade policies play in tackling global trade imbalances?

Global trade imbalances narrowed in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. They have remained at a lower level but are still of concern to policy makers because of the risks they pose to individual economies, as well as globally.




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The "Family 500+" child allowance and female labour supply in Poland

In 2016 the Polish government introduced a large new child benefit, called "Family 500+", with the aim to increase fertility from a low level and reduce child poverty.




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Economic Survey of the Netherlands 2018

The Netherlands is experiencing vibrant economic activity, with gross domestic product (GDP) at about 8% above its pre-crisis peak and the unemployment rate below 4%. Growth picked up to above 3% in 2017, which was well above the euro area and OECD averages.




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Reforms in Lithuania are reinforcing economic growth but boosting productivity is still a challenge

Lithuania’s economy has grown faster than most other OECD economies over the past 10 years, unemployment continues to fall and public finances have stabilised after a long period of deficits and rising debt.




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OECD economic scenarios to 2060 illustrate the long-run benefits of structural reforms

Policy choices made today can have important positive effects on future living standards, according to new long-term economic scenarios released by the OECD.




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Structural Policy Indicators Database for Economic Research (SPIDER)

Structural Policy Indicators Database for Economic Research (SPIDER)




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The Czech economy is thriving but labour shortages will limit growth

Growth, driven by both internal and external demand, has been accelerating since 2013 and at 4.6% in 2017 it was more balanced than in previous years. Household consumption is supported by income growth, a declining savings rate as confidence is high, and by rising credit.




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Limits to government debt sustainability in middle-income countries

This paper investigates the effect of structural characteristics on debt limits of middle income countries.




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Enhancing labour-market integration of immigrants in Canada

Canada has long taken in more immigrants relative to its population than most other countries. Immigration policy in Canada aims to promote economic development by selecting immigrants with high levels of human capital, to reunite families and to respond to foreign crises and offer protection to endangered people.




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Delivering on the promise of better outcomes for Canadian women

The current Canadian government has declared itself feminist and has taken a number of steps to improve labour market outcomes for women. In terms of employment and labour force participation, Canadian women do much better than the OECD average.




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Euro Area unemployment insurance at the time of zero nominal interest rates

The discussion about a fiscal stabilisation capacity as a way of providing more fiscal integration in the euro area has strengthened in the aftermath of the European sovereign debt crisis.




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Growth and economic well-being: first quarter 2018, OECD

OECD household income up 0.7% in first quarter of 2018, outpacing GDP growth




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Labour share developments over the past two decades: The role of technological progress, globalisation and "winner-takes-most" dynamics

Over the past two decades, real median wage growth in many OECD countries has decoupled from labour productivity growth, partly reflecting declines in labour income shares.




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Speeding up economic catch-up in the BRIICS with better governance and more education

Economic research has established that a large part of income disparities between poor and rich countries can be attributed to differences in governance and in the quantity and quality of human capital.




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Reforming the large business groups to promote productivity and inclusion in Korea

Large business groups, which played a key role in Korea's economic development, are still dominant today, especially in exporting.




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Enhancing dynamism in SMEs and entrepreneurship in Korea

Making SMEs and start-ups a driver of growth and job creation requires a number of policies to improve the performance of SMEs, whose labour productivity in the manufacturing sector has fallen to less than a third of that in large companies.




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Growth and economic well-being: second quarter 2018, OECD

OECD household income growth slows to 0.3%, lagging behind GDP growth in second quarter of 2018




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Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2012 - Brazil Country Note

This note is taken from Chapter 2 of Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2012.




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Innovation, diversification and better logistics key to sustainable and inclusive growth, says latest Latin American Economic Outlook

After a decade of relatively strong growth, Latin America is facing headwinds associated with declining trade, a moderation in commodity prices and increasing uncertainty over external financial conditions, according to the latest Latin American Economic Outlook jointly produced by the OECD Development Centre, the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN ECLAC) and CAF - Development Bank of Latin America.




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OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría welcomes Brazil’s commitment to improving education and playing greater role in PISA Programme

OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría today welcomed Brazil’s further engagement with the Organisation’s world-leading global education assessment programme (PISA) during a signing ceremony in Brasilia with Brazil’s Minister for Education Aloízio Mercadante.




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Carbon taxes and emissions trading are cheapest ways of reducing CO2, OECD says

Carbon taxes and emission trading systems are the most cost-effective means of reducing CO2 emissions, and should be at the centre of government efforts to tackle climate change,according to a new OECD study.




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Dividing the pie in Brazil: income distribution, social policies and the new middle class

Brazil has made remarkable progress in reducing poverty and inequality. This reduction is explained by strong growth but also by effective social policies. Besides growth, public services and cash transfers have played the biggest role, the latter notably through the successful "Bolsa Familia" programme.




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OECD and FAO expect stronger agricultural production, lower prices over coming decade - Rising incomes in developing world spurring demand for food, dietary changes

Strong crop yields, higher productivity and slower growth in global demand should contribute to a gradual decline in real prices for agricultural products over the coming decade, but nonetheless, prices will likely remain at levels above those in the early-2000s, according to the latest Agricultural Outlook report produced by the OECD and FAO.




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Building a positive agenda for Brazil, OECD-FIESP Seminar, 5 November 2015, Brazil

This OECD joint Federação das Indústrias de São Paulo (FIESP) seminar brings together participants from the Brazilian private sector, academia, government authorities, and international experts with one objective: building a positive agenda for Brazil.




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Empowering the 40% of young Latin Americans not in formal jobs, education or training could spark new growth engines, says latest Latin American Economic Outlook

Latin America and the Caribbean’s (LAC) GDP will shrink by between 0.9% and 1% in 2016, according to the latest estimates, the second consecutive year of negative growth and a rate of contraction the region has not seen since the early 1980s. According to the Latin American Economic Outlook 2017, the region should recover in 2017, but with modest GDP growth of between 1.5% and 2%, below expected growth in advanced economies.




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Reforming Brazil’s pension system

Brazil’s old-age pensions have reduced old-age poverty below OECD levels, but pension expenditures of 8.2% of GDP are expected to rise rapidly as the population ages. A pension reform is necessary to ensure the financial sustainability of the system.




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OECD and Brazil launch project to examine differences in cross-border tax rules

The OECD and Brazil today launched a joint project to examine the similarities and gaps between the Brazilian and OECD approaches to valuing cross-border transactions between associated firms for tax purposes. The project will also assess the potential for Brazil to move closer to the OECD’s transfer pricing rules, which are a critical benchmark for OECD member countries and followed by countries around the world.




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Seminar on Administrative Simplification in MENA and OECD Countries, Budapest

The objective of this seminar was to facilitate the implementation of administrative simplification strategies in MENA countries and to deepen the knowledge about the use of ICT-tools and consultation processes with stakeholders.




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Korea: a strong national urban strategy could drive resilient economic growth

Korea has weathered the shocks triggered by the global recession and its economy is recovering more quickly and vigorously than most other OECD countries.




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Tackling Turkey’s external and domestic macroeconomic imbalances

Effective macroeconomic and structural policies helped Turkey bounce back quickly and strongly from the global crisis, with annual growth averaging close to 9% over 2010-11




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Public debt, economic growth and nonlinear effects: myth or reality?

The economics profession seems to increasingly endorse the existence of a strongly negative nonlinear effect of public debt on economic growth. Reinhart and Rogoff (2010) were the first to point out that a public debt to GDP ratio higher than 90% of GDP is associated with considerably lower economic performance in advanced and emerging economies alike.




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The role of the Centres of Governments in meeting today’s economic challenges

Secretary-General Angel Gurría welcomes a network of senior officials attending the 31st Centres of Government (COG) meeting held in London. Highlights include the importance of institutions in economic reform through improved co-ordination, outreach and transparency.




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G20 ministers welcome OECD disaster risk assessment and financing framework

G20 Finance Ministers have welcomed a new OECD/G20 framework designed to help governments develop financial strategies for disaster risk management.




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Urgent action needed on jobs and governance in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)

In response to increasing pressure to deliver on growth, jobs and better governance, policy makers from MENA and OECD reiterated their support for measures to strengthen the business climate and governance in the region.




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Fiscal federalism and its impact on economic activity, public investment and the performance of educational systems

Intergovernmental fiscal frameworks usually reflect fundamental societal choices and history and are not foremost geared towards achieving economic policy objectives. Yet, like most institutional arrangements, fiscal relations affect the behaviour of firms, households and governments and thereby economic activity.




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A simple fiscal stress testing model - case studies of Austrian, Czech and German economies

This paper develops a simple model-based framework for stress testing fiscal consolidation strategies under different scenarios of future shocks




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OECD Secretary-General to participate in public administration reform seminar in Madrid on Monday 15 July 2013

The Spanish government has launched a series of ambitious public administration reforms as part of wider efforts to promote economic competitiveness and strengthen trust in government and public institutions.