Daphne E.C. Boer
Dec 23, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120001043v1-jlr.RA120001043
Research Articles

Douglas A. Andres
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1537-1537
Images in Lipid Research

Astrid M. Moerman
Dec 23, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000974v1-jlr.RA120000974
Research Articles

Ryunosuke Ohkawa
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1577-1588
Research Articles

Genta Kakiyama
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1629-1644
Research Articles

Natalie Bruiners
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1617-1628
Research Articles

Michael E. Abrams
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1538-1538
Images in Lipid Research

Junhwan Kim
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1707-1719
Research Articles

Julia V Busik
Dec 23, 2020; 0:jlr.TR120000981v1-jlr.TR120000981
Thematic Reviews

Aloïs Dusuel
Dec 9, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000704v1-jlr.RA120000704
Research Articles

Abudukadier Abulizi
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1565-1576
Research Articles

Ying Zou
Dec 1, 2020; 61:1589-1604
Research Articles

Oktawia Nilsson
Nov 17, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000920v1-jlr.RA120000920
Research Articles

Jenny E. Kanter
Dec 8, 2020; 0:jlr.ILR120001217v1-jlr.ILR120001217
Images in Lipid Research

Stacey N Keenan
Dec 17, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120001126v1-jlr.RA120001126
Research Articles

Akemi Kakino
Nov 3, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000767v1-jlr.RA120000767
Research Articles

Amanda D.V. MacCannell
Nov 18, 2020; 0:jlr.ILR120001204v1-jlr.ILR120001204
Images in Lipid Research

For data that is being loaded from a SAS Stored Process Server, an insertion process might fail to a MySQL database with a warning, as well as an error message that says "During insert: Incorrect datetime value…"

In SAS Customer Intelligence Studio, you might notice that the user interface becomes unresponsive, as shown below: imgalt="SAS Customer Intelligence Studio UI becomes unresponsive" src="{fusion_66537

In SAS Customer Intelligence Studio, you can choose to create a new calculated variable in the Edit Value dialog box when you populate a treatment custom detail. Following creation of the new calculated

In SAS Customer Intelligence Studio, you might notice that you cannot clear warnings for decision campaign nodes by selecting either the Clear Warnings  option or the Clear All Warnin

In SAS Customer Intelligence Studio, the following error is displayed when you update a new Link  node in a diagram:   imgalt="Link: MAIQService:executeFastPath:" src="{fusion_665

You encounter this issue when the table metadata matches the data source. In this scenario, no metadata update is required.

In SAS Business Rules Manager 3.3, the initial loading of a rule set and a rule flow takes significantly longer than it does in release 3.2. When this problem happens, long time gaps are evident in the local

If you have configured more than one SAS Application Server, then SAS Visual Data Builder might unexpectedly use the wrong application server when you preview or schedule queries. This problem occurs even though you h

You might see the following error messages: "ERROR: Connection failed. Server returned: SAS Logon Manager authentication failed: Access denied." and "ERROR: Unable to connect to Cloud Analytic Services host-name on port 5570. Veri

Editing and/or saving an action column can take up to a minute to display a window. There are no workarounds identified at this time.

If the response variable is in the CLASS statement variable list before the class variables that also appear in the MODEL statement, and an OM-data-set is used, least squares means results for several of the statistical procedures are incorrect.

You might receive a Segmentation Violation when opening a database table in SAS. The SAS Log contains the error and traceback:

In SAS Life Science Analytics Framework 4.6, group membership removal fails with an exception if a user is set as assignee, a candidate, or a notification recipient in a user task for a Process Flow . The Process

An error might occur when you use the SAS 9 BULKLOAD= and BULKEXTRACT= options load data to or extract data from HP Neoview on the HP Itanium platform. The problem occurs because Hewlett-Packard changed the name of one of

In SAS Merchandise Financial Planning, custom time frame-based data versions do not aggregate correctly when referenced in worksheets with standard hierarchy levels. The data does not aggregate correctly from l

In SAS Retail Space Management, it should be possible to click on any location object, then Show Properties, and change the location fill color. This can be done on the gray-filled objects. However, w

SAS  Episode Analytics 3.1 requires the ability to capture user interactions with the user interface for auditing purposes. To support the required functionality a new table has been add

If the OBSMARGINS= or OM= option is specified in an LSMEANS, LSMESTIMATE, or SLICE statement and a user-defined format is applied to any of the effect variables in the OM-data-set , PROC PLM incorrectly stops proce

When viewing a SAS Visual Analytics report, you might intermittently see an error that includes content similar to the following:

When you use SAS/ACCESS Interface to PostgreSQL to query a Yellowbrick database, the SAS OBS= option is not generating a limit clause on the query that is passed to the database. Click the

In SAS Customer Intelligence Studio,  when you add  Reply- node variable values in the Define Value dialog box, you might notice that two identically labeled data-grid variables are

In SAS Infrastructure for Risk Management, the message "ERROR: Could not move and link one or more files to..." occurs while running a job-flow instance if an orphaned folder exists in the persistent area.

The SAS 9.4M4 (TS1M4) Hot Fix D7G004 for ODS Templates installs national language support (NLS) content regardless of whether the languages were installed during the initial deployment. Having sparse

In SAS Customer Intelligence, a decision campaign can become corrupted and impossible to open. When you try to open the campaign, an error message is displayed that asks you to check the SAS Customer Intel

When you publish a model to SAS Metadata Repository by using SAS Model Manager, the publishing process fails and the following error is generated: "The model model-name has a function of ';Transformation';, which is not supported for

SAS Web Report Studio enables you to link reports based on a group break value. However, when you click the link, it might fail with an HTTP 400 error. The exact message you see depends on which browser you are u

Titles and footnotes do not span the entire width of the page when you use the COLUMNS= option with a value that is greater than 1 with the TAGSETS.RTF_SAMPLE tagset. When a value that is greater than 1 is specified for th

When you log on to the SAS Risk Governance Framework and choose a solution, the web application might fail to load the solution content. When the problem occurs, you continue to see "Loading..." on the screen, an

Certain tables that are created in SAS Scalable Performance Data (SPD) Server might not be displayed correctly by SAS Federation Server Manager. Tables that have Latin5 characters in column names encounter this

This manuscript has been withdrawn by the Author.

This article has been withdrawn by the authors as part of this review overlapped with the contents of Pietrangelo A and Ridgway ND. 2018. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 75; 3079-98.

Photoreceptors have high energy-demands and a high density of mitochondria that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of fuel substrates. Although glucose is the major fuel for central nervous system (CNS) brain neurons, in photoreceptors (also CNS), most glucose is not metabolized through OXPHOS but is instead metabolized into lactate by aerobic glycolysis. The major fuel sources for photoreceptor mitochondria remained unclear for almost six decades. Similar to other tissues (like heart and skeletal muscle) with high metabolic rates, photoreceptors were recently found to metabolize fatty acids (palmitate) through OXPHOS. Disruption of lipid entry into photoreceptors leads to extracellular lipid accumulation, suppressed glucose transporter expression, and a duel lipid/glucose fuel shortage. Modulation of lipid metabolism helps restore photoreceptor function. However, further elucidation of the types of lipids used as retinal energy sources, the metabolic interaction with other fuel pathways, as well as the crosstalk among retinal cells to provide energy to photoreceptors is not yet known. In this review, we will focus on the current understanding of photoreceptor energy demand and sources, and potential future investigations of photoreceptor metabolism.

Vitamin A aldehyde covalently bound to opsin protein is embedded in a phospholipid-rich membrane that supports photon absorption and phototransduction in photoreceptor cell outer segments. Following absorption of a photon, the 11-cis-retinal chromophore of visual pigment in photoreceptor cells isomerizes to all-trans-retinal. To maintain photosensitivity 11-cis-retinal must be replaced. At the same time, however, all-trans-retinal has to be handled so as to prevent nonspecific aldehyde activity. Some molecules of retinaldehyde upon release from opsin are efficiently reduced to retinol. Other molecules are released into the lipid phase of the disc membrane where they form a conjugate (N-retinylidene-PE, NRPE) through a Schiff base linkage with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The reversible formation of NRPE serves as a transient sink for retinaldehyde that is intended to return retinaldehyde to the visual cycle. However, if instead of hydrolyzing to PE and retinaldehyde, NRPE reacts with a second molecule of retinaldehyde a synthetic pathway is initiated that leads to the formation of multiple species of unwanted bisretinoid fluorophores. We report on recently identified members of the bisretinoid family some of which differ with respect to the acyl chains associated with the glycerol backbone. We discuss processing of the lipid moieties of these fluorophores in lysosomes of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, their fluorescence characters and new findings related to light and iron-associated oxidation of bisretinoids.