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Breastfeeding Initiation, Duration, and Supplementation Among Mexican-Origin Women in Texas

BACKGROUND:

Mexican-origin women breastfeed at similar rates as white women in the United States, yet they usually breastfeed for less time. In our study, we seek to identify differences in Mexican-origin women’s breastfeeding intentions, initiation, continuation, and supplementation across nativity and country-of-education groups.

METHODS:

The data are from a prospective cohort study of postpartum women ages 18 to 44 recruited from 8 Texas hospitals. We included 1235 Mexican-origin women who were born and educated in either Texas or Mexico. Women were interviewed at delivery and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post partum. Breastfeeding intentions and initiation were reported at baseline, continuation was collected at each interview, and weeks until supplementation was assessed for both solids and formula. Women were classified into 3 categories: born and educated in Mexico, born and educated in the United States, and born in Mexico and educated in the United States.

RESULTS:

Breastfeeding initiation and continuation varied by nativity and country of birth, although all women reported similar breastfeeding intentions. Women born and educated in Mexico initiated and continued breastfeeding in higher proportions than women born and educated in the United States. Mexican-born and US-educated women formed an intermediate group. Early supplementation with formula and solid foods was similar across groups, and early supplementation with formula negatively impacted duration across all groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Nativity and country of education are important predictors of breastfeeding and should be assessed in pediatric and postpartum settings to tailor breastfeeding support. Support is especially warranted among US-born women, and additional educational interventions should be developed to forestall early supplementation with formula across all acculturation groups.




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Continuous Albuterol With Benzalkonium in Children Hospitalized With Severe Asthma

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The albuterol dropper bottle used to prepare solutions for continuous nebulization contains the preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAC). BAC, by itself, has been shown to cause bronchospasm. We hypothesized that BAC would decrease the therapeutic efficacy of albuterol in patients with acute asthma exacerbations.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cohort study comparing the clinical outcomes of patients <18 years of age receiving continuous nebulized albuterol with and without BAC. For the primary end point (duration of continuous albuterol nebulization), we compared the 2 groups with Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival curves, conducted a log-rank test of difference, and adjusted for baseline characteristics using multivariable Cox regression. A P value <.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:

A total of 477 patients were included in the analysis (236 exposed to BAC and 241 controls). The duration of continuous nebulization was significantly longer in the BAC group than in the control group (median of 9 vs 6 hours; 15.7% required continuous nebulization compared to 5.8% of controls at 24 hours). The control group was 79% more likely to stop continuous nebulization at any particular point in time (hazard ratio 1.79; 95% confidence interval: 1.45 to 2.22; P < .001) and 43% more likely to stop additional respiratory support (hazard ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.16 to 1.75; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

BAC is a functional albuterol antagonist associated with a longer duration of continuous albuterol nebulization treatment and additional respiratory support, suggesting that preservative-free albuterol formulations are safer for use in continuous nebulization.




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Champions League Fantasy: Inside info

Who takes the penalties? Who can't you afford to ignore? And who are the bargain signings that could make all the difference?




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Champions League Fantasy: Who's in form?

With the UEFA Champions League resuming next week, UEFA.com looks at which players have been hitting the heights on the domestic front.




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Champions League Fantasy: Bargain signings

Players who provide excellent value for money are a key component of successful Fantasy sides; check out our suggestions.




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Champions League Fantasy: Big-money assets

UEFA.com runs the rule over some of the most expensive players in the game to assess who's worth splashing out for.




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Champions League Fantasy Matchday 7: What the numbers say

UEFA.com studies the statistics to find out which players are predicted for big Matchday 7 totals.




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Champions League Fantasy: Captain marvel

The UEFA Champions League is back and UEFA.com are here to guide #UCLfantasy managers through the first legs of the round of 16.




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Champions League Fantasy popular picks and potential differentials

Ahead of Matchday 7, UEFA.com looks at some obvious selections and some lesser-owned options.




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Champions League Fantasy Matchday 7: The Scout squad

As the knockout stage kicks off this week, The Scout has put together a squad drawing on players from nine teams.




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Fantasy Football Matchday 7 lessons: Goalkeepers

UEFA.com delves into the numbers and finds clean sheets were at a premium in the first legs.




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Fantasy Football Matchday 7 lessons: Defenders

The start of the knockout rounds provided a reminder there is still plenty of value to be found at the defensive end of the field.




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Fantasy Football Matchday 7 lessons: Midfielders

Key differentials were once again to the fore in the round of 16 first legs, although Serge Gnabry took the headlines again.




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Fantasy Football Matchday 7 lessons: Forwards

Erling Braut Haaland and Robert Lewandowski continued to hit the net, although injury means the latter is likely to miss the second leg.




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Saskia's Albanian journey

Saskia perseveres through language learning and connects with a young Albanian girl who becomes a follower of Jesus.




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An architect explores using his passion in missions

For years, Gustavo, an architect from Central America, felt drawn to working in the Arabian Peninsula. Then, on a short-term trip, he saw what it could be like to use his profession overseas.




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The God of India, Singapore and the Middle East

Doron's experience on Logos Hope shows him God's faithfulness and uncovers leadership abilities he is using today in a new role.




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God called you, and God has a plan for you

An OM worker in Cambodia shares about how a new training she is attending is transforming the way she does ministry.




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Investing time, not wasting it

For Roberto Ramirez, serving God in missions has been one step of faith after another.




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Educational Technology Has Limitations

Deep and lasting learning can best come from the relationship between teachers and their students.




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Response: 'Embracing Technology' as a Tool for Differentiation

Elizabeth Stringer Keefe, Becky Shiring, Katie Robinson, Dr. Sonny Magana and Dr. Monica Burns contribute their suggestions on using tech to differentiate instruction.




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4 Reasons for Technology Integration

Second year teacher, Christine Pinto, shares some reasons she integrates technology in her classroom.




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Technology Has No Impact on Teaching and Learning

If we truly want educational technology to take root in schools and finally live up to the promise we've been expecting for more than a decade, schools need to develop a cadre of well-trained tech instructional coaches.




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Smeal supply chain student marshal points to professor as guiding force

Rachel Hooker, who will graduate May 9 with a 3.99 GPA in supply chain and information systems, has been selected as the Smeal College of Business’ spring 2020 supply chain and information systems student marshal.




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Yaeger selected as the Eberly College Cooperative Education Student of the Year

Emilee Yaeger, an undergraduate student in the Science BS/MBA accelerated joint degree program, has been selected as the recipient of the 2019 Eberly College of Science Cooperative Education Student of the Year Award. The award recognizes the student’s academic achievements and contributions to the participating employer, the University, the community, and the field of cooperative education.




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Penn State Health hospitals use recovered patients' plasma as COVID-19 treatment

Penn State Health has enrolled its first COVID-19 patient into an experimental treatment program called convalescent plasma therapy.




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Faculty member earns doctorate, selected as Fulbright specialist

Beth E. Michalec, lecturer of corporate communication at Penn State Lehigh Valley, earned a doctorate in rhetoric from Duquesne University. Michalec was selected as a Fulbright specialist in June 2019 by the U.S. Department of State.




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Fin24.com | SA inequality grows as rich take larger share - report

New research has found that inequality in SA has increased, with wealth becoming ever more concentrated among the rich.




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Fin24.com | Stokvel members urged to be vigilant over festive season as criminals ready to strike

Sabric, a financial crime information centre, shares its tips on staying safe over the festive season.




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Casio ProTrek WSD-F30

The Casio ProTrek WSD-F30 smartwatch has a ton of useful features and a super-durable build for outdoor adventurers, but we expect a bit more for its high price.




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The Best Tech Gifts for Fitness Enthusiasts

If you're buying for someone who lives by the SoulCycle schedule, or wants to get in shape in 2020, this is the gift guide for you.




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This Wearable Helps You Pick Groceries Based on Your DNA

The DnaBand sits on your wrist, scans the barcodes on food, compares it to your DNA, and flashes red if the food is a bad choice and green if it's a healthier option. It's only available in the UK right now, but co-founder Chris Toumazou has his sights set on LA.




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Lung Ultrasound in Children With COVID-19

Marco Denina
Apr 21, 2020; 0:peds.2020-1157v1-e20201157
Research Brief




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COVID-19 in Children: Initial Characterization of the Pediatric Disease

Andrea T. Cruz
Apr 8, 2020; 0:peds.2020-0834v2-e20200834
COMMENTARY




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Hegerberg happy to share the love as role model

For Norwegian international striker Ada Hegerberg, inspiring the next generation of women's players is a personal goal. In an interview which appears in the Women's U17 EURO tournament programme, we hear that the Olympique Lyonnais star wants budding young players to feel her same love of the game.




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Cristiano Ronaldo wins UEFA.com Goal of the Season vote

Cristiano Ronaldo's overhead kick for Real Madrid against his current club Juventus has been voted UEFA.com Goal of the Season.




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Fin24.com | Don't get a nasty surprise! How to understand insurance jargon

Are you sure you know what the "insurance speak" in your policy means?




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Fin24.com | As South African investors eye 2020, the Budget looms large

Finance Minister Tito Mboweni’s February Budget speech will be scrutinised for evidence the country is doing enough to preserve its last remaining investment grade rating from Moody’s.




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Fin24.com | Experts say the Section 12J incentive is misunderstood - we asked them to explain

Many investors do not fully understand the tax incentive and structure of a Section 12J venture capital investment, according to a managing director involved in this sector.




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'A Hero to Many Children': Teachers Reflect on Kobe Bryant's Legacy in Class

Many teachers scrapped their lesson plans on Monday and gave their students space to talk about Kobe Bryant.




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Like College Athletes, These High School Players Get an Assist on Academics

An unusual program in Cincinnati provides academic coaches to help high school players meet eligibility requirements to stay in the game.




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Spain, Italy, Russia among qualifiers as main round ends

Italy, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Portugal, Spain, Kazakhstan and Russia joined hosts Slovenia in the finals by winning their main round groups while the eight play-off contenders are confirmed.




as

Saskia's Albanian journey

Saskia perseveres through language learning and connects with a young Albanian girl who becomes a follower of Jesus.




as

An architect explores using his passion in missions

For years, Gustavo, an architect from Central America, felt drawn to working in the Arabian Peninsula. Then, on a short-term trip, he saw what it could be like to use his profession overseas.




as

The God of India, Singapore and the Middle East

Doron's experience on Logos Hope shows him God's faithfulness and uncovers leadership abilities he is using today in a new role.




as

God called you, and God has a plan for you

An OM worker in Cambodia shares about how a new training she is attending is transforming the way she does ministry.




as

Investing time, not wasting it

For Roberto Ramirez, serving God in missions has been one step of faith after another.




as

Hazleton native joins campus athletics department as new trainer

Hazleton native Megan Bobish has joined the Penn State Hazleton Athletics Department as the newest member of its team.




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Fitness instructors lead virtual classes during remote learning

Penn State Campus Recreation is now offering a library of more than 50 workouts online through YouTube as well as live classes that are held every business day on the Penn State Campus Recreation Instagram. Group fitness instructor Alexis "Lexi" Neimeyer talked about her experience on the transition to virtual fitness classes.




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Antiemetics in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis: A Meta-analysis

CONTEXT:

Several antiemetics have been used in children with acute gastroenteritis. However, there is still controversy over their use.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effectiveness and safety of antiemetics for controlling vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Latin America and the Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences, and gray literature, until December 2018.

STUDY SELECTION:

We selected randomized clinical trials comparing metoclopramide, ondansetron, domperidone, dexamethasone, dimenhydrinate, and granisetron.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and full texts, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. We performed pairwise and network meta-analysis using the random-effects model.

RESULTS:

Twenty-four studies were included (3482 children). Ondansetron revealed the largest effect in comparison to placebo for cessation of vomiting (odds ratio = 0.28 [95% credible interval = 0.16 to 0.46]; quality of evidence: high) and for hospitalization (odds ratio = 2.93 [95% credible interval = 1.69 to 6.18]; quality of evidence: moderate). Ondansetron was the only intervention that reduced the need for intravenous rehydration and the number of vomiting episodes. When considering side effects, dimenhydrinate was the only intervention that was worse than placebo.

LIMITATIONS:

Most treatment comparisons had low- or very low–quality evidence, because of risk of biases and imprecise estimates.

CONCLUSIONS:

Ondansetron is the only intervention that revealed an effect on the cessation of vomiting, on preventing hospitalizations, and in reducing the need for intravenous rehydration. Ondansetron was also considered a safe intervention.