Steven M Haffner
Jun 1, 1992; 41:715-722
Original Article

Dilys J. Freeman
May 1, 2002; 51:1596-1600
Complications

Joseph G. Yu
Oct 1, 2002; 51:2968-2974
Obesity Studies

Michael P Stern
Apr 1, 1995; 44:369-374
Perspectives in Diabetes

Mariano J Garcia
Feb 1, 1974; 23:105-111
Original Contribution

Shane Rea
Nov 1, 1997; 46:1667-1677
Perspectives in Diabetes

Cindy J.M. Loomans
Jan 1, 2004; 53:195-199
Complications

Alan R Saltiel
Dec 1, 1996; 45:1661-1669
Perspectives in Diabetes

Marc Prentki
Mar 1, 1996; 45:273-283
Original Article

Joachim Spranger
Mar 1, 2003; 52:812-817
Pathophysiology

Franz M Matschinsky
Feb 1, 1996; 45:223-241
Banting Lecture 1995

R A DeFronzo
Dec 1, 1981; 30:1000-1007
Original Contribution

Giulio Marchesini
Aug 1, 2001; 50:1844-1850
Pathophysiology

Gökhan S Hotamisligil
Nov 1, 1994; 43:1271-1278
Perspectives in Diabetes

Tatsuya Hayashi
Aug 1, 1998; 47:1369-1373
Rapid Publications

C. Ronald Kahn
Aug 1, 1994; 43:1066-1085
Banting Lecture

Ralph A. DeFronzo
Apr 1, 2009; 58:773-795
Banting Lecture

D Koya
Jun 1, 1998; 47:859-866
Articles

Roger H Unger
Aug 1, 1995; 44:863-870
Perspectives in Diabetes

J. Denis McGarry
Jan 1, 2002; 51:7-18
Banting Lecture 2001

Paul E Lacy
Jan 1, 1967; 16:35-39
Original Contribution

Andreas Festa
Apr 1, 2002; 51:1131-1137
Complications

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group
Feb 1, 1997; 46:271-286
Original Article

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group
Aug 1, 1995; 44:968-983
Original Article

ME Griffin
Jun 1, 1999; 48:1270-1274
Articles

Guenther Boden
Jan 1, 1997; 46:3-10
Perspectives in Diabetes

U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group
Nov 1, 1995; 44:1249-1258
Perspectives in Diabetes

Ralph A DeFronzo
Jun 1, 1988; 37:667-687
Lilly Lecture 1987

Steven E Kahn
Nov 1, 1993; 42:1663-1672
Original Article

Michael Brownlee
Jun 1, 2005; 54:1615-1625
Banting Lecture 2004

National Diabetes Data Group
Dec 1, 1979; 28:1039-1057
Articles

Night shift work, behavioral rhythms, and the common MTNR1B risk single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs10830963, associate with type 2 diabetes; however, whether they exert joint effects to exacerbate type 2 diabetes risk is unknown. Among employed participants of European ancestry in the UK Biobank (N = 189,488), we aimed to test the cross-sectional independent associations and joint interaction effects of these risk factors on odds of type 2 diabetes (n = 5,042 cases) and HbA_1c levels (n = 175,156). Current shift work, definite morning or evening preference, and MTNR1B rs10830963 risk allele associated with type 2 diabetes and HbA_1c levels. The effect of rs10830963 was not modified by shift work schedules. While marginal evidence of interaction between self-reported morningness-eveningness preference and rs10830963 on risk of type 2 diabetes was seen, this interaction did not persist when analysis was expanded to include all participants regardless of employment status and when accelerometer-derived sleep midpoint was used as an objective measure of morningness-eveningness preference. Our findings suggest that MTNR1B risk allele carriers who carry out shift work or have more extreme morningness-eveningness preference may not have enhanced risk of type 2 diabetes.

Children at increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D) after environmental exposures may develop pancreatic islet autoantibodies (IA) at a very young age. Metabolic profile changes over time may imply responses to exposures and signal development of the first IA. Our present research in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study aimed to identify metabolome-wide signals preceding the first IA against GAD (GADA-first) or against insulin (IAA-first). We profiled metabolomes by mass spectrometry from children’s plasma at 3-month intervals after birth until appearance of the first IA. A trajectory analysis discovered each first IA preceded by reduced amino acid proline and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), respectively. With independent time point analysis following birth, we discovered dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) contributing to the risk of each first IA, and -aminobutyric acid (GABAs) associated with the first autoantibody against insulin (IAA-first). Methionine and alanine, compounds produced in BCAA metabolism and fatty acids, also preceded IA at different time points. Unsaturated triglycerides and phosphatidylethanolamines decreased in abundance before appearance of either autoantibody. Our findings suggest that IAA-first and GADA-first are heralded by different patterns of DHAA, GABA, multiple amino acids, and fatty acids, which may be important to primary prevention of T1D.

The cardiovascular benefits of fibrates have been shown to be heterogeneous and to depend on the presence of atherogenic dyslipidemia. We investigated whether genetic variability in the PPARA gene, coding for the pharmacological target of fibrates (PPAR-α), could be used to improve the selection of patients with type 2 diabetes who may derive cardiovascular benefit from addition of this treatment to statins. We identified a common variant at the PPARA locus (rs6008845, C/T) displaying a study-wide significant influence on the effect of fenofibrate on major cardiovascular events (MACE) among 3,065 self-reported white subjects treated with simvastatin and randomized to fenofibrate or placebo in the ACCORD-Lipid trial. T/T homozygotes (36% of participants) experienced a 51% MACE reduction in response to fenofibrate (hazard ratio 0.49; 95% CI 0.34–0.72), whereas no benefit was observed for other genotypes (P_interaction = 3.7 x 10^–4). The rs6008845-by-fenofibrate interaction on MACE was replicated in African Americans from ACCORD (N = 585, P = 0.02) and in external cohorts (ACCORD-BP, ORIGIN, and TRIUMPH, total N = 3059, P = 0.005). Remarkably, rs6008845 T/T homozygotes experienced a cardiovascular benefit from fibrate even in the absence of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Among these individuals, but not among carriers of other genotypes, fenofibrate treatment was associated with lower circulating levels of CCL11—a proinflammatory and atherogenic chemokine also known as eotaxin (P for rs6008845-by-fenofibrate interaction = 0.003). The GTEx data set revealed regulatory functions of rs6008845 on PPARA expression in many tissues. In summary, we have found a common PPARA regulatory variant that influences the cardiovascular effects of fenofibrate and that could be used to identify patients with type 2 diabetes who would derive benefit from fenofibrate treatment, in addition to those with atherogenic dyslipidemia.

Long-term hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes leads to human serum albumin (HSA) glycation, which may impair HSA function as a transport protein and affect the therapeutic efficacy of anticoagulants in patients with diabetes. In this study, a novel mass spectrometry approach was developed to reveal the differences in the profiles of HSA glycation sites between patients with diabetes and healthy subjects. K199 was the glycation site most significantly changed in patients with diabetes, contributing to different interactions of glycated HSA and normal HSA with two types of anticoagulant drugs, heparin and warfarin. An in vitro experiment showed that the binding affinity to warfarin became stronger when HSA was glycated, while HSA binding to heparin was not significantly influenced by glycation. A pharmacokinetic study showed a decreased level of free warfarin in the plasma of diabetic rats. A preliminary retrospective clinical study also revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in the anticoagulant efficacy between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes who had been treated with warfarin. Our work suggests that larger studies are needed to provide additional specific guidance for patients with diabetes when they are administered anticoagulant drugs or drugs for treating other chronic diseases.

Latoya Rose used the last $3,000 she had to invest in 26 baby chicks and feed with the hope of turning a profit after they matured. Last Friday, as the Spaldings resident went to her coop to feed the chickens, they were all gone. “When I don’t see...

Edmond Campbell/Senior Parliamentary Reporter Conceding that healthcare workers in the public sector are burnt out as they combat COVID-19, Health and Wellness Minister Dr Christopher Tufton says the Government is taking steps to boost its...

It was not the landing the Jamaicans who arrived at Kingston’s Norman Manley International Airport on Wednesday evening would want again. The 43 Jamaican ship workers of the Marella Discovery 2 were among the 115 people aboard the TUI charter flight that touched down amid the Kingston breeze and evening sunset.

“I know this has been some difficult times for us with the pandemic, but I know we are going to get through this together – Jamaica together. We are going to continue our social distancing. We are going to continue practising our incredible hygiene...

Vendors and store operators who would normally score big on Mother’s Day baskets are lamenting that the novel coronavirus has put a dent in their sales. Kaydyonne Thomas, owner of a gift store in the Pavilion Mall, located in Half Way Tree, said...

Here's an early look at how the Reds' 25-man roster could shape up on Opening Day.

It was only five years ago that the Cardinals won the National League Central with only 90 wins. Heck, it was only 12 years ago that the Cubs won it with 85, and 13 that the Cardinals won it with 83. Point is: There have been times in recent baseball history that the NL Central was not exactly the toughest gauntlet in the sport. But in 2019, it looks like the scariest division in baseball.

The next five weeks will see lots of shuffling on Major League rosters. Here are the most intriguing positional battles on each of the 30 MLB clubs.

THE EDITOR, Madam: The devastating news of Jodian Fearon’s death has resulted in public outrage and concern. The controversy and seemingly negligent actions of the hospitals involved have left many Jamaicans anxious about our health system and...

The Editor, Madam: Today, as we celebrate Teachers’ Day, I pause in reflection, looking back at some of the educators who have deeply impacted me. Let me start with the principal of my primary school. She was a God-fearing woman, but I suppose,...