As migrant- and refugee-receiving countries in Europe, North America, and beyond prioritize services that are focused on employment, language instruction, and civic integration, newcomers who are not in the workplace are at high risk for social isolation. As a result, societies should reconsider what successful integration looks like for vulnerable newcomers who will never find traditional employment or who need a longer-than-average timeline to get there.

Addressing the deep-rooted integration challenges unearthed by large-scale migration and rapid social change will require a combination of strategies. Governments in Europe and North America must create a new social contract for increasingly diverse societies that are confronting cycles of disruption. This report sketches a blueprint for an adaptive process oriented by skill needs rather than national origins.

States publish a wealth of data about their English Learner students’ academic achievement and other outcomes such as graduation rates. But the answer to the question “Who is an EL?” is not always the same. This brief explains how the EL subgroup varies across states and types of data, and why it is important to understand these differences when making decisions about how ELs and schools are faring.

This recipe was featured on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment with Raf Epstein on Drive, 774 ABC Melbourne, 3:30 PM, courtesy of Alice in Frames. www.aliceinframes.com

2 cups of fresh ricotta 4 eggs 2 tbsp. sugar Zest of 1 orange, 1lime and 1 lemon 1 cup of plain flour 60 g soft butter

Triple Citrus Syrup

This recipe was featured on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment with Raf Epstein on Drive, 774 ABC Melbourne, 3:30 PM, courtesy of Neil Perry. Neil's new book is "Spice Temple."

This recipe was featured on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment with Raf Epstein on Drive, 774 ABC Melbourne, 3:30 PM, courtesy of Neil Perry. Neil's new book is "Spice Temple."

When it comes to bacon, it's everything in moderation... This recipe uses bacon as a seasoning.

This recipe was featured on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment with Raf Epstein on Drive, 774 ABC Melbourne, 3:30 PM, courtesy of Julie Goodwin. Julie's new book is "Homemade Takeaway."

Cheesecake: 1/4 cups chocolate or coconut biscuit crumbs 80g butter, melted 500g cream cheese, softened 1/4 cup caster sugar 2 teaspoons gelatine dissolved in 1/4 cup boiling water 200g dark chocolate melted and cooled slightly 2 splashes of rum 1 cup Baffle Creek Cream, softly whipped Salted Caramel Popcorn: 1 1/2 cup caster sugar 1/2 cup water 2/3 cup brown sugar 300ml thickened cream 1/2 - 1 tablespoon sea salt flakes 200g popcorn, popped

A delicious treat for the serious chocolate lover

Chocolate. Cherries. Ice Cream. Need we say more?

I love Christmas my all time favourite time of year. It's also a great time for awesome summer sweet produce. Muscovado brown sugar is a treacle like flavour and makes a welcome texture to a traditional pavlova.

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment with Raf Epstein on Drive , 774, 3.30pm, courtesy of Alice Zaslavsky.

4X 200G SKINLESS SALMON FILLETS 1 TSP. HIMALAYAN PINK SALT 1 TSP. GROUND WHITE PEPPER 60ML. COCONUT CREAM 1 TSP. GROUND TURMERIC SUNFLOWER OIL FOR BRUSHING TO SERVE: STEAMED RICE AND WILTED ASIAN GREENS

This recipe featured on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment with Raf Epstein on Drive, 774 ABC Melbourne, 3.30PM, courtesy of Maggie Beer. Maggie's new book is "Autumn Harvest".

This is a glorious match! Free stone yellow and white peaches are perfect at the moment but wont last much longer so enjoy them while you can

This is a simplified version of a traditional Italian spinach and ricotta pie, commonly eaten on Good Friday.

Once you've peeled and cored the quinces there's really little work to do to make this gorgeous dessert. They just bubble away happily for a few hours while the sugar and long slow cooking cast their spell, transforming the quinces' hard, ivory-coloured flesh until it's meltingly soft and an incredible deep-rose colour.

1 tablespoon extra virgin olive oil 1 large brown onion, thinly sliced 2 large cloves garlic, finely chopped 1 tablespoons finely chopped fresh ginger 1 small red chilli, finely chopped, optional 1 heaped teaspoons ground cumin 1 heaped teaspoon ground coriander teaspoon cinnamon 2 teaspoons #harissa 1 tablespoon sun-dried tomato pesto (or regular tomato paste) 1 kg carrots, peeled and fairly finely sliced 150g red lentils, thoroughly washed 1 x 400g can diced tomatoes 2 teaspoons raw sugar 2-3 teaspoons sea salt, to taste Freshly ground black pepper, to taste Approx.1 litres (6 cups) cool water (double-check next time I make it) Juice - 1 lemon (or lime), to taste 1 x 270ml can coconut cream # My favourite harissa is Chris Manfield's which is available in speciality food shops and on-line

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive with Raf Epstein, 3.30PM, courtesy of Justine Schofield. Justine's latest book is "Dinner With Justine".

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive with Raf Epstein, 3.30PM, courtesy of Damo and Zoe Gaeau. Their new book is "That Sugar Guide".

140g unsalted butter 200g dark chocolate 100g light brown sugar 100g caster sugar 2 teaspoons vanilla extract 2 eggs 1 egg yolk 85g plain flour 55g macadamia nuts, lightly toasted, chopped 30g crystallised ginger, chopped Sifted cocoa powder, to dust

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive with Raf Epstein, 3.30PM, courtesy of Tad Lombardo Director & Head Chocolatier at Cioccolato Lombardo.

This simple recipe is bursting with sweetness from the figs, combined with a hearty crunch of hazlenuts.

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive with Raf Epstein, 3.30PM, courtesy of Mauro Montalto, Floridia Cheese

Delicious weekend dish.

TIS TIME TO DUST OFF THOSE CASSEROLE DISHES AND GET BRAISING FOR A DROP IN TEMPRATURE. THIS FLAVOURSIM CHUTTNEY IS A GREAT ENHANCMENT WITH CURRY DISHES, OR EVEN GREAT LIGHTLY SPREAD ON A WARM BAQUETTE WITH CHICKEN, LETTUCE ETC.

I have clear memories of being about four year's old standing on a little stool next to my mum while she made batches of these golden scones. I always loved being in the kitchen with her and she was endlessly patient, letting me help mix, stir, roll and shape all manner of things (in this case turning a blind eye when I smuggled little nuggets raw dough and dates into my mouth.) We would chat away as we went and she would explain to me what she was doing. I remember to this day her telling me the secret to making good scones was to use the lightest touch possible when you're mixing the dough together...we had no food processor then so everything was mixed by hand and I loved rubbing the flour and butter together, lifting my hands high as she had taught me to help keep the scones light. Although I whiz these up in a processor now, every so often I make a batch by hand, and am immediately whisked back into that childhood kitchen and can almost feel and see Cooee, my mum, beside me in her wonderful cinch-waisted 60's polka dot dress...it's a wonderful image.

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive with Raf Epstein, 3.30PM, courtesy of Kirsten Tibbals

The Portuguese have a double gene for flavours. They keep it simple, they rely on extremely good produce. This dish has such a unique flavour. It's ideal with all wines. A good Lisbon paste is the trick!

Lovely sweet and easy to bake cookies.

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive with Raf Epstein, 3.30PM, shared by Hetty McKinnon, founder of Surry Hills community kitchen Arthur Street Kitchen and author of new cookbook 'Neighbourhood'.

Guaranteed to tempt fussy eaters, with lots of hidden nutrients.

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive with Raf Epstein, 3.30PM, shared by Dan Hunter, chef and owner of Otways' restaurant Brae.

125g butter, softened 1 cup caster sugar 1 egg 1 tsp vanilla essence 1 and 1/2 cups plain flour, sifted 1 tsp baking powder 1/4 tsp. pepper leaf spice, ground 1 cup white chocolate chips 1/3 cup raw macadamia nuts, chopped

honeycomb 40 g (11/2 oz) honey 70 g (21/2 oz) glucose syrup 200 g (7 oz) caster (superfine) sugar 1 teaspoon bicarbonate of soda (baking soda), sifted mousse 200 g (7 oz/11/3 cups) chopped good-quality dark chocolate, such as couverture (see note, page 235) 40 g (11/2 oz) unsalted butter, chopped 4 eggs, separated 150 g (51/2 oz/2/3 heaped cup) sugar espresso sauce 250 ml (9 fl oz/1 cup) espresso coffee 100 g (31/2 oz/1/2 cup) sugar 2 tablespoons kahlua

Quick easy fresh summer dish.

I love the texture of a cool tasting coconut custard with market fragrant strawberries macerated in well more coconut liqueur.

Green king prawns in a delish summer dish.

This recipe features on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on 774 Drive at 3.30PM. It was shared by Monique Bowley, director of Podcasts at Mamamia Womens Network, and one-time Great Australian Bake Off contestant.

This is the biscuit base to sprinkle in top of the cake Make enough to accomodate 22 cm round tin 50 g Unsalted Butter 50 g Raw Sugar 50 g Almond Meal 8 g of Coco Powder Pinch of Salt 40 g plain Flour Beat all ingredients together in machine with k beater Roll into oblong wrap in glad and freeze Cake mix 250 g eggs or 5 x large eggs 75 g of local honey 125 g castor sugar beat all ingredients together 75 g Almond Meal 120 g plain Flour 25 g coco powder 8 g Baking powder sieve ingredients Add to egg mix then add 120 ml of double Cream Melt together 70 g 70% best quality chocolate 75 g unsalted butter

Nothing like a Pavlova and fresh seasonal fruit. The coconut ice cream provides a refreshing finish.

Shannon Martinez & Mo Wyse, authors of 'Smith & Daughters A Cookbook (that happens to be vegan)', shared this recipe on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on ABC Radio Melbourne's Drive program at 3.30pm.

The local lady finger bananas are so sweet and moorish!

Love this tasty slice with the combo of coconut and the passion fruit what's there not to like?

Summer entertaining; breakfast/lunch

Pana Barbounis, author of 'Pana Chocolate, The Recipes', shared this recipe on Foodie Tuesday, a weekly segment on ABC Radio Melbourne's Drive program at 3.30pm.

This salad is inspired by a good chef friend of mine who cooked with me last weekend. Such a healthy way to enjoy broccoli which is so delicious at the moment. It's wonderful to utilize the whole vegetable and the added fibre in the stalk which we use in the salad.Feel free to explore with certain quantities in this recipe therefore I encourage you to taste and adjust to your own personal taste. You can also add chopped green olives which add an extra dimension.

There is nothing more indulgent than a piece of chocolate cake, beautiful with fresh raspberries and a dollop of cream on the side. My partner in crime made this cake last week, its fudgy texture is both delicious and surprisingly not too rich in flavour like chocolate cakes can be.