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La présidente du Conseil national des barreaux répond aux critiques

INTERVIEW. << J'aurais souhaite une contribution plus prospective et moins desobligeante a l'egard des barreaux de province >>, reagit M e Julie Couturier au rapport du P r Jamin.




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Jean-Marie Le Pen hospitalisé à la suite d’un état de faiblesse général

Le fondateur du Front national, age de 96 ans et qui a mis un terme a sa vie politique, est hospitalise afin de passer plusieurs examens, par << souci de securite >>.





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Document Retrieval Using SIFT Image Features

This paper describes a new approach to document classification based on visual features alone. Text-based retrieval systems perform poorly on noisy text. We have conducted series of experiments using cosine distance as our similarity measure, selecting varying numbers local interest points per page, and varying numbers of nearest neighbour points in the similarity calculations. We have found that a distance-based measure of similarity outperforms a rank-based measure except when there are few interest points. We show that using visual features substantially outperforms textbased approaches for noisy text, giving average precision in the range 0.4-0.43 in several experiments retrieving scientific papers.




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An OCR Free Method for Word Spotting in Printed Documents: the Evaluation of Different Feature Sets

An OCR free word spotting method is developed and evaluated under a strong experimental protocol. Different feature sets are evaluated under the same experimental conditions. In addition, a tuning process in the document segmentation step is proposed which provides a significant reduction in terms of processing time. For this purpose, a complete OCR-free method for word spotting in printed documents was implemented, and a document database containing document images and their corresponding ground truth text files was created. A strong experimental protocol based on 800 document images allows us to compare the results of the three feature sets used to represent the word image.




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Security and Privacy Preservation for Mobile E-Learning via Digital Identity Attributes

This paper systematically discusses the security and privacy concerns for e-learning systems. A five-layer architecture of e-learning system is proposed. The security and privacy concerns are addressed respectively for five layers. This paper further examines the relationship among the security and privacy policy, the available security and privacy technology, and the degree of e-learning privacy and security. The digital identity attributes are introduced to e-learning portable devices to enhance the security and privacy of e-learning systems. This will provide significant contributions to the knowledge of e-learning security and privacy research communities and will generate more research interests.




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Realising the Potential of Web 2.0 for Collaborative Learning Using Affordances

With the emergence of the Web 2.0 phenomena, technology-assisted social networking has become the norm. The potential of social software for collaborative learning purposes is clear, but as yet there is little evidence of realisation of the benefits. In this paper we consider Information and Communication Technology student attitudes to collaboration and via two case studies the extent to which they exploit the use of wikis for group collaboration. Even when directed to use a particular wiki designed for the type of project they are involved with, we found that groups utilized the wiki in different ways according to the affordances ascribed to the wiki. We propose that the integration of activity theory with an affordances perspective may lead to improved technology, specifically Web 2.0, assisted collaboration.




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Enhancement of Collaborative Learning Activities using Portable Devices in the Classroom

Computer Supported Collaborative Learning could highly impact education around the world if the proper Collaborative Learning tools are set in place. In this paper we describe the design of a collaborative learning activity for teaching Chemistry to Chilean students. We describe a PDA-based software tool that allows teachers to create workgroups in their classrooms in order to work on the activity. The developed software tool has three modules: one module for teachers, which runs on a PC and lets them create the required pedagogical material; second, there is a PDA module for students which lets them execute the activity; finally, a third module allows the teacher set workgroups and monitor each workgroup during the activity.




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Coordinated System for Real Time Muscle Deformation during Locomotion

This paper presents a system that simulates, in real time, the volumetric deformation of muscles during human locomotion. We propose a two-layered motion model. The requirements of realism and real time computation lead to a hybrid locomotion system that uses a skeleton as first layer. The muscles, represented by an anatomical surface model, constitute the second layer, whose deformations are simulated with a finite element method (FEM). The FEM subsystem is fed by the torques and forces got from the locomotion system, through a line of action model, and takes into account the geometry and material properties of the muscles. High level parameters (like height, weight, physical constitution, step frequency, step length or speed) allow to customize the individuals and the locomotion and therefore, the deformation of the persons' muscles.




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On Compound Purposes and Compound Reasons for Enabling Privacy

This paper puts forward a verification method for compound purposes and compound reasons to be used during purpose limitation.

When it is absolutely necessary to collect privacy related information, it is essential that privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) protect access to data - in general accomplished by using the concept of purposes bound to data. Compound purposes and reasons are an enhancement of purposes used during purpose limitation and binding and are more expressive than purposes in their general form. Data users specify their access needs by making use of compound reasons which are defined in terms of (compound) purposes. Purposes are organised in a lattice with purposes near the greatest lower bound (GLB) considered weak (less specific) and purposes near the least upper bound (LUB) considered strong (most specific).

Access is granted based on the verification of the statement of intent (from the data user) against the compound purpose bound to the data; however, because purposes are in a lattice, the data user is not limited to a statement of intent that matches the purposes bound to the data exactly - the statement can be a true reflection of their intent with the data. Hence, the verification of compound reasons against compound purposes cannot be accomplished by current published verification algorithms.

Before presenting the verification method, compound purposes and reasons, as well as the structures used to represent them, and the operators that are used to define compounds is presented. Finally, some thoughts on implementation are provided.




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Early Results of Experiments with Responsive Open Learning Environments

Responsive open learning environments (ROLEs) are the next generation of personal learning environments (PLEs). While PLEs rely on the simple aggregation of existing content and services mainly using Web 2.0 technologies, ROLEs are transforming lifelong learning by introducing a new infrastructure on a global scale while dealing with existing learning management systems, institutions, and technologies. The requirements engineering process in highly populated test-beds is as important as the technology development. In this paper, we will describe first experiences deploying ROLEs at two higher learning institutions in very different cultural settings. The Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China and at the “Center for Learning and Knowledge Management and Department of Information Management in Mechanical Engineering” (ZLW/IMA) at RWTH Aachen University have exposed ROLEs to theirs students in already established courses. The results demonstrated to readiness of the technology for large-scale trials and the benefits for the students leading to new insights in the design of ROLEs also for more informal learning situations.




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IDEA: A Framework for a Knowledge-based Enterprise 2.0

This paper looks at the convergence of knowledge management and Enterprise 2.0 and describes the possibilities for an over-arching exchange and transfer of knowledge in Enterprise 2.0. This will be underlined by the presentation of the concrete example of T-System Multimedia Solutions (MMS), which describes the establishment of a new enterprise division "IG eHealth". This is typified by the decentralised development of common ideas, collaboration and the assistance available to performing responsibilities as provided by Enterprise 2.0 tools. Taking this archetypal example and the derived abstraction of the problem regarding the collaboration of knowledge workers as the basis, a regulatory framework will be developed for knowledge management to serve as a template for the systemisation and definition of specific Enterprise 2.0 activities. The paper will conclude by stating factors of success and supporting Enterprise 2.0 activities, which will facilitate the establishment of a practical knowledge management system for the optimisation of knowledge transfer.




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Leveraging Web 2.0 in New Product Development: Lessons Learned from a Cross-company Study

The paper explores the application of Web 2.0 technologies to support product development efforts in a global, virtual and cross-functional setting. It analyses the dichotomy between the prevailing hierarchical structure of CAD/PLM/PDM systems and the principles of the Social Web under the light of the emerging product development trends. Further it introduces the concept of Engineering 2.0, intended as a more bottom up and lightweight knowledge sharing approach to support early stage design decisions within virtual and cross-functional product development teams. The lessons learned collected from a cross-company study highlight how to further developblogs, wikis, forums and tags for the benefit of new product development teams, highlighting opportunities, challenges and no-go areas.




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Bio-Inspired Mechanisms for Coordinating Multiple Instances of a Service Feature in Dynamic Software Product Lines

One of the challenges in Dynamic Software Product Line (DSPL) is how to support the coordination of multiple instances of a service feature. In particular, there is a need for a decentralized decision-making capability that will be able to seamlessly integrate new instances of a service feature without an omniscient central controller. Because of the need for decentralization, we are investigating principles from self-organization in biological organisms. As an initial proof of concept, we have applied three bio-inspired techniques to a simple smart home scenario: quorum sensing based service activation, a firefly algorithm for synchronization, and a gossiping (epidemic) protocol for information dissemination. In this paper, we first explain why we selected those techniques using a set of motivating scenarios of a smart home and then describe our experiences in adopting them.




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Automatically Checking Feature Model Refactorings

A feature model (FM) defines the valid combinations of features, whose combinations correspond to a program in a Software Product Line (SPL). FMs may evolve, for instance, during refactoring activities. Developers may use a catalog of refactorings as support. However, the catalog is incomplete in principle. Additionally, it is non-trivial to propose correct refactorings. To our knowledge, no previous analysis technique for FMs is used for checking properties of general FM refactorings (a transformation that can be applied to a number of FMs) containing a representative number of features. We propose an efficient encoding of FMs in the Alloy formal specification language. Based on this encoding, we show how the Alloy Analyzer tool, which performs analysis on Alloy models, can be used to automatically check whether encoded general and specific FM refactorings are correct. Our approach can analyze general transformations automatically to a significant scale in a few seconds. In order to evaluate the analysis performance of our encoding, we evaluated in automatically generated FMs ranging from 500 to 2,000 features. Furthermore, we analyze the soundness of general transformations.




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An Aspect-Oriented Framework for Weaving Domain-Specific Concerns into Component-Based Systems

Software components are used in various application domains, and many component models and frameworks have been proposed to fulfill domain-specific requirements. The general trend followed by these approaches is to provide ad-hoc models and tools for capturing these requirements and for implementing their support within dedicated runtime platforms, limited to features of the targeted domain. The challenge is then to propose more flexible solutions, where components reuse is domain agnostic. In this article, we present a framework supporting compositional construction and development of applications that must meet various extra-functional/domain-specific requirements. The key points of our contribution are: i) We target development of component-oriented applications where extra-functional requirements are expressed as annotations on the units of composition in the application architecture. ii) These annotations are implemented as open and extensible component-based containers, achieving full separation of functional and extra-functional concerns. iii) Finally, the full machinery is implemented using the Aspect-Oriented Programming paradigm. We validate our approach with two case studies: the first is related to real-time and embedded applications, while the




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An Approach for Feature Modeling of Context-Aware Software Product Line

Feature modeling is an approach to represent commonalities and variabilities among products of a product line. Context-aware applications use context information to provide relevant services and information for their users. One of the challenges to build a context-aware product line is to develop mechanisms to incorporate context information and adaptation knowledge in a feature model. This paper presents UbiFEX, an approach to support feature analysis for context-aware software product lines, which incorporates a modeling notation and a mechanism to verify the consistency of product configuration regarding context variations. Moreover, an experimental study was performed as a preliminary evaluation, and a prototype was developed to enable the application of the proposed approach.




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Least Slack Time Rate first: an Efficient Scheduling Algorithm for Pervasive Computing Environment

Real-time systems like pervasive computing have to complete executing a task within the predetermined time while ensuring that the execution results are logically correct. Such systems require intelligent scheduling methods that can adequately promptly distribute the given tasks to a processor(s). In this paper, we propose LSTR (Least Slack Time Rate first), a new and simple scheduling algorithm, for a multi-processor environment, and demonstrate its efficient performance through various tests.




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Cost-Sensitive Spam Detection Using Parameters Optimization and Feature Selection

E-mail spam is no more garbage but risk since it recently includes virus attachments and spyware agents which make the recipients' system ruined, therefore, there is an emerging need for spam detection. Many spam detection techniques based on machine learning techniques have been proposed. As the amount of spam has been increased tremendously using bulk mailing tools, spam detection techniques should counteract with it. To cope with this, parameters optimization and feature selection have been used to reduce processing overheads while guaranteeing high detection rates. However, previous approaches have not taken into account feature variable importance and optimal number of features. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, there is no approach which uses both parameters optimization and feature selection together for spam detection. In this paper, we propose a spam detection model enabling both parameters optimization and optimal feature selection; we optimize two parameters of detection models using Random Forests (RF) so as to maximize the detection rates. We provide the variable importance of each feature so that it is easy to eliminate the irrelevant features. Furthermore, we decide an optimal number of selected features using two methods; (i) only one parameters optimization during overall feature selection and (ii) parameters optimization in every feature elimination phase. Finally, we evaluate our spam detection model with cost-sensitive measures to avoid misclassification of legitimate messages, since the cost of classifying a legitimate message as a spam far outweighs the cost of classifying a spam as a legitimate message. We perform experiments on Spambase dataset and show the feasibility of our approaches.




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ORPMS: An Ontology-based Real-time Project Monitoring System in the Cloud

Project monitoring plays a crucial role in project management, which is a part of every stage of a project's life-cycle. Nevertheless, along with the increasing ratio of outsourcing in many companies' strategic plans, project monitoring has been challenged by geographically dispersed project teams and culturally diverse team members. Furthermore, because of the lack of a uniform standard, data exchange between various project monitoring software becomes an impossible mission. These factors together lead to the issue of ambiguity in project monitoring processes. Ontology is a form of knowledge representation with the purpose of disambiguation. Consequently, in this paper, we propose the framework of an ontology-based real-time project monitoring system (ORPSM), in order to, by means of ontologies, solve the ambiguity issue in project monitoring processes caused by multiple factors. The framework incorporates a series of ontologies for knowledge capture, storage, sharing and term disambiguation in project monitoring processes, and a series of metrics for assisting management of project organizations to better monitor projects. We propose to configure the ORPMS framework in a cloud environment, aiming at providing the project monitoring service to geographically distributed and dynamic project members with great flexibility, scalability and security. A case study is conducted on a prototype of the ORPMS in order to evaluate the framework.




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Législatives : le cadeau de Jospin à Emmanuel Macron...

On semble s'acheminer vers une vague En Marche de forte magnitude aux prochaines Législatives. Si Les Républicains espèrent limiter la casse, c'est à dire avec un perte d'une centaine de députés. L'enjeu de LR, c'est l'après avec en ligne de mire, un...




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Un nouveau monde bipolaire.

Avec la fin du communisme, nous devions assister à la fin de l’histoire mais les crises économiques en ont décidé autrement. Et ce d’autant plus que depuis, les problématiques de déclassement social, territorial et de questionnement « identitaires » n’ont...




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Insécurité et Gilets Jaunes… tombeau des désillusions.

Il y a quelques jours, je parlais d’émergence d’un nouveau monde bipolaire. Le hasard des écrits faisant parfois bien les choses, depuis quelques jours est apparu dans notre vocabulaire, les Gilets Jaunes. Il ne se passe plus un jour, sans qu’on essaye...




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Réseaux Sociaux… entre hystérisation et égotisme

Si la question de l’hystérisation des réseaux sociaux ne date pas des Gilets Jaunes, nulle doute qu’elle revient sur le devant de la scène. Je ne parle même pas des théories du complot lié à ce mouvement. Pour ma part, les choses sont claires, il est...




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Strasbourg et la récurrence complotiste des Réseaux Sociaux.

Comme on devait s’y attendre, l’attentat de Strasbourg n’a pas manqué, s’il en était encore besoin, de charrier son lot de rumeurs complotistes. Un regard rapide sur les réseaux sociaux de toute nature suffit à se rendre compte de ce triste phénomène....




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Emmanuel Macron et les Réseaux Sociaux

C’est entendu pour Emmanuel Macron, les violences auraient pour cause les Réseaux Sociaux. Je cite « il y a un changement anthropologique de nos sociétés qui vient des réseaux sociaux ». J’avoue que ce type de raisonnement aussi simplistes me laisse pantois....




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An efficient edge swap mechanism for enhancement of robustness in scale-free networks in healthcare systems

This paper presents a sequential edge swap (SQES) mechanism to design a robust network for a healthcare system utilising energy and communication range of nodes. Two operations: sequential degree difference operation (SQDDO) and sequential angle sum operation (SQASO) are performed to enhance the robustness of network. With equivalent degrees of nodes from the network's centre to its periphery, these operations build a robust network structure. Disaster attacks that have a substantial impact on the network are carried out using the network information. To identify a link between the malicious and disaster attacks, the Pearson coefficient is employed. SQES creates a robust network structure as a single objective optimisation solution by changing the connections of nodes based on the positive correlation of these attacks. SQES beats the current methods, according to simulation results. When compared to hill-climbing algorithm, simulated annealing, and ROSE, respectively, the robustness of SQES is improved by roughly 26%, 19% and 12%.




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A feature-based model selection approach using web traffic for tourism data

The increased volume of accessible internet data creates an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to improve time series forecasting for many indicators. In our study, we assess the value of web traffic data in forecasting the number of short-term visitors travelling to Australia. We propose a feature-based model selection framework which combines random forest with feature ranking process to select the best performing model using limited and informative number of features extracted from web traffic data. The data was obtained for several tourist attraction and tourism information websites that could be visited by potential tourists to find out more about their destinations. The results of random forest models were evaluated over 3- and 12-month forecasting horizon. Features from web traffic data appears in the final model for short term forecasting. Further, the model with additional data performs better on unseen data post the COVID19 pandemic. Our study shows that web traffic data adds value to tourism forecasting and can assist tourist destination site managers and decision makers in forming timely decisions to prepare for changes in tourism demand.




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Smart and adaptive website navigation recommendations based on reinforcement learning

Improving website structures is the main task of a website designer. In recent years, numerous web engineering researchers have investigated navigation recommendation systems. Page recommendation systems are critical for mobile website navigation. Accordingly, we propose a smart and adaptive navigation recommendation system based on reinforcement learning. In this system, user navigation history is used as the input for reinforcement learning model. The model calculates a surf value for each page of the website; this value is used to rank the pages. On the basis of this ranking, the website structure is modified to shorten the user navigation path length. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. The results revealed that user navigation paths could be decreased by up to 50% with training on 12 months of data, indicating that users could more easily find a target web page with the help of the proposed adaptive navigation recommendation system.









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Senators make short work of listless Leafs in a flat Battle of Ontario - The Globe and Mail

  1. Senators make short work of listless Leafs in a flat Battle of Ontario  The Globe and Mail
  2. Tavares on Maple Leafs’ lifeless loss to Senators: ‘We should be disappointed’  Sportsnet.ca
  3. Ullmark records first shutout of season as Senators smother Maple Leafs  TSN
  4. TAKEAWAYS: Ottawa Senators draw first blood in Battle of Ontario  Ottawa Citizen
  5. Wednesday FTB: Lose to the Sens, why not?  Pension Plan Puppets








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Niagara Health offering free parking after delays reported - News Talk 610 CKTB

  1. Niagara Health offering free parking after delays reported  News Talk 610 CKTB
  2. Implementation of new Niagara Health patient info system resulting in long wait times  St. Catharines Standard
  3. Temporary delays impacting registration at emergency departments  Thorold News
  4. Niagara Health Working Through Delays  101.1 More FM
  5. Niagara Health experiencing temporary delays impacting registration and EDs  Niagara Health






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Trump says Elon Musk, Vivek Ramaswamy will lead the Department of Government Efficiency - The Globe and Mail

  1. Trump says Elon Musk, Vivek Ramaswamy will lead the Department of Government Efficiency  The Globe and Mail
  2. Why is Elon Musk becoming Donald Trump's efficiency adviser?  BBC.com
  3. Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy will lead new 'Department of Government Efficiency' in Trump administration  CTV News
  4. George Conway: Musk, Ramaswamy to lead ‘nonexistent department’  The Hill




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Un été avec Jean d’Ormesson (4)

Ouvrons, cette fois, le livre C’est une chose étrange à la fin que le monde, roman que Jean d’Ormesson publié en 2010. On y trouve, comme toujours, des réflexions et des phrases magnifiques. Savourons-les cet été !

« J’ai beaucoup dormi. J’ai perdu beaucoup de temps. J’ai commis pas mal d’erreurs. Ce qu’il y avait de moins inutile sous le soleil, c’était de nous aimer les uns les autres. »

« Naître est toujours un bonheur. Il y a dans tout début une surprise et une attente qui seront peut-être déçues mais qui donnent au temps qui passe sa couleur et sa vigueur. »

« Nous sommes ...




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Vivre la Résistance sur un plateau

Julian Alaphilippe.
Dans la dixième étape, entre Annecy et Le Grand-Bornand (158,5 km), victoire de prestige du Français Julian Alaphilippe (Quick-Step). La course a emprunté le plateau des Glières, haut lieu de la Résistance. Un vibrant écho au martyre des  partisans massacrés en 1944 par les Allemands et les miliciens de Vichy.
 
Le Grand-Bornand (Haute-Savoie), envoyé spécial.
«Vivre libre ou mourir.» Si grands, dans la solitude du vertige. Et pourtant si petits, comme délocalisés, balayés par un lieu de preuves ...




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Un été avec Jean d’Ormesson (5)

Voici quelques extraits délicieux et profonds de C’est une chose étrange à la fin que le monde, roman de Jean d’Ormesson. Histoire de savourer quelques instants hors du temps, cet été !

« Ceux qui découvrent détruisent le système qui le précède. Ceux qui inventent de détruisent pas les oeuvres qui les précèdent. »

« Le passé s’éclaire à mesure qu’il s’éloigne. Ce n’est qu’à l’extrême fin du monde qu’une partie au moins des secrets de ses débuts obscurs pourront être révélés. »

« Ce monde est inépuisable, il n’existe que deux voies pour tenter d’en rendre compte : l’art et la science. »

« La poésie est ...




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Un été avec Jean d’Ormesson (6)

Tous les livres de Jean d’Ormesson doivent être lus et relus. L’auteur nous propose une littérature de vérité, d’empathie, de compréhension de ce que nous sommes. Voici quelques phrases picorées dans C’est une chose étrange à la fin que le monde.

« Chaque amoureux a dans l’amour le sentiment de posséder le monde entier à travers l’être aimé.

Toute la beauté de l’univers lui est enfin révélée. L’art et la littérature ne sont peut-être rien d’autre que la traduction sublimée d’une pulsion sexuelle. »

« Le monde inépuisable dont nous faisons partie, aucun ouvrage de génie, aucune théorie unifiée, aucune formule de ...




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Insurrection à Washington - Assaut du Capitole: culpabilité pour l'homme photographié dans le bureau de Nancy Pelosi

(Belga) Un Américain, qui avait été immortalisé les pieds sur une table dans le bureau de la cheffe démocrate Nancy Pelosi lors de l'assaut sur le Capitole, a été reconnu coupable lundi de plusieurs délits.

Après une courte délibération, les jurés ont déclaré Richard Barnett, 62 ans, coupable, entre autres, d'entrave à une procédure officielle, vol et intrusion dans un bâtiment officiel avec une arme dangereuse (un bâton de marche capable d'envoyer des décharges électriques). Le 6 janvier 2021, il avait envahi, comme des centaines de partisans de l'ex-président républicain Donald Trump, le siège du Congrès au moment où les élus certifiaient la victoire du démocrate Joe Biden à la présidentielle. Il avait été photographié par l'AFP dans le bureau de la cheffe de la chambre des représentants, Nancy Pelosi, les pieds sur un meuble. Le cliché avait fait le tour du monde et permis à la police de l'interpeller rapidement. Selon le dossier d'accusation, ce partisan de la mouvance complotiste Qanon avait laissé un message insultant à la démocrate et volé une enveloppe qu'elle avait signée. Pendant son procès, il s'était montré défiant, assurant avoir été "poussé à l'intérieur" du Capitole par la foule. Sa peine sera prononcée en mai. En attendant, il reste assigné à résidence avec un bracelet électronique. En deux ans d'enquête, plus de 950 participants à cette attaque ont été arrêtés, et près de 200 condamnés à des peines de prison. (Belga)




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La justice stoppe une enquᅵte potentiellement gᅵnante sur Jean Castex, trois jours aprᅵs sa nomination comme Premier ministre

Hasard du calendrier ou volontᅵ de prᅵserver le nouveau Premier ministre ? Selon Mediapart, une enquᅵte judiciaire ouverte par le parquet de Perpignan, potentiellement gᅵnante pour Jean Castex, a ᅵtᅵ...




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Ascendancy of SNS information and age difference on intention to buy eco-friendly offerings: meaningful insights for e-tailers

Through the unparalleled espousal of theory of planned behaviour, this study intends to significantly add to the current knowledge on social networking sites (SNS) in <i>eWOM</i> information and its role in defining intentions to buy green products. In specie, this study seeks to first investigate the part played by <i>attitude towards SNS information</i> in influencing the <i>acceptance of SNS information</i> and then by <i>acceptance of SNS information</i> in effecting the <i>green purchase intention</i>. Besides this, it also aims to analyse the influence exerted by first <i>credibility of SNS information</i> on <i>acceptance of SNS information</i> and then by <i>acceptance of SNS information</i> on <i>green purchase intention</i>. In doing so, it also examines how well the age of the SNS users moderates all these four associations.