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The effects of reform scenarios for unemployment benefits and social assistance on financial incentives to work and poverty in Lithuania

In 2015 the Lithuanian government launched an ambitious Social Model reform agenda aimed at balancing flexibility of the labour market and security provided through the system of social protection.




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Tackling the productivity paradox: The OECD Global Forum on Productivity

The nexus of slowing productivity growth and rising inequality is capturing the attention of policymakers and researchers. The productivity slowdown, its causes, and the link with inclusiveness will be discussed on 7-8 July in Lisbon at the first Annual Conference of the new Global Forum on Productivity, which was created by the OECD in collaboration with a number of Member and non-Member countries.




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Leveraging R&D and innovation policies to foster productivity in Czech Republic

Productivity catch-up along with deeper integration into the global economy played a central role in the convergence of the Czech incomes toward OECD countries before the 2008 financial crisis.




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Tackling the three main challenges in Costa Rica: fiscal reform, reverting the slowdown in productivity and reducing inequality

Costa Rica’s economic, social and environmental achievements are impressive. It has succeeded in combining rising living standards, virtually universal health care, pension and primary education systems with sustainable use of natural resources.




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Scaling new heights: achievements and future challenges for productivity convergence in Lithuania

GDP per capita in Lithuania rose from one third to two thirds of the OECD average level between 1995 and 2014, despite internal and external crises. Productivity catch-up was critical to this process, although the level of labour productivity also remains around one-third below the OECD average.




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Growing together: making Lithuania’s convergence process more inclusive

Although Lithuania’s growth has been impressive, inequality is high, the risk of poverty is one of the highest of European countries, and life expectancy is comparatively low and strongly dependent on socio-economic background.




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The effects of reform scenarios for unemployment benefits and social assistance on financial incentives to work and poverty in Lithuania

In 2015 the Lithuanian government launched an ambitious Social Model reform agenda aimed at balancing flexibility of the labour market and security provided through the system of social protection.




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Pump-priming productivity through reform: the case of Lithuania

In the past two decades, the income level in Lithuania has steadily risen toward that of OECD countries. Between 1995 and 2013, GDP per capita rose from one third to two thirds of the OECD average. Productivity catch-up was critical to this process, aided by enhanced integration into the global economy which enabled the adoption of more advanced production technologies from abroad.




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Achieving and sharing the benefits of globalisation

Yesterday’s OECD Interim Economic Outlook warns that trade growth is slowing, contributing to another slowing of global GDP growth in 2016 and with few signs of improvement for 2017.




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Does Fiscal Decentralisation Foster Regional Convergence?

Across the OECD, GDP per capita is converging. In contrast, regional disparities – or differences in GDP per capita across jurisdictions – are rising, mainly as a result of widening productivity differences. Fiscal decentralisation could help reduce them again. According to new OECD research, assigning more ownsource revenue to sub-national governments dampens regional GDP disparities and underpins regional convergence.




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Cardiac arrest or dizzy spell: Why is world trade so weak, what can policy do about it?

World trade growth was rapid in the two decades prior to the global financial crisis but has halved subsequently.




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The skills of Polish emigrants – evidence from PIAAC

Based on the OECD data from the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) this paper sheds light on the skills of migrants.




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Realising and expanding opportunities in the United States

Measures that enable the acquisition of new skills and reduce mismatches between the demand and supply of existing skills can boost US economic growth and make its benefits more inclusive.




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Tax reforms, more efficient public spending and better public governance, keys to consolidating Indonesia’s strong economic progress

Indonesia has undergone an extraordinary transformation over the past two decades, benefiting from strong growth that has lifted millions out of poverty and allowed important progress in areas such as health and education. But low levels of public spending and tax revenue are undermining the quality of social services and exacerbating infrastructure gaps, according to the OECD.




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Labour mobility in the European Union: a need for more recognition of foreign qualifications

Labour market mobility in the European Union is increasing, but it remains too low to provide sufficient adjustment in the face of diverging labour market developments.




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Balancing inclusiveness, work incentives and sustainability in Denmark

The generous Danish welfare state relies on a high degree of labour force participation both for financing and in order to ensure social cohesion.




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Balancing inclusiveness, work incentives and sustainability in Denmark

The generous Danish welfare state relies on a high degree of labour force participation both for financing and in order to ensure social cohesion.




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How do policies influence GDP tail risks?

This paper explores the relationship between policy settings and extreme positive and negative growth events, what we call GDP tail risks, using quantile regression methods.




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Can reforms promoting growth increase financial fragility? An empirical assessment

Certain growth-promoting policies can have negative side-effects by increasing the vulnerability of economies to financial crises. Typical examples are greater openness to financial flows or more liberalised financial markets.




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How do policies influence GDP tail risks?

This paper explores the relationship between policy settings and extreme positive and negative growth events, what we call GDP tail risks, using quantile regression methods.




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Can reforms promoting growth increase financial fragility? An empirical assessment

Certain growth-promoting policies can have negative side-effects by increasing the vulnerability of economies to financial crises. Typical examples are greater openness to financial flows or more liberalised financial markets.




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Inequality in Denmark through the Looking Glass

This paper delivers a broad assessment of income inequality in Denmark.




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The gig economy will not abolish working 9 to 5

We have always had plumbers, electricians, and lawyers who do temporary work, and are not paid by a household when they are idle. However, do new apps such as Uber or Deliveroo mean the end of the 9 to 5 job, and do these platforms need to be regulated?




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Inequality in Denmark through the Looking Glass

This paper delivers a broad assessment of income inequality in Denmark.




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The effect of the size and mix of public spending on growth and inequality

The effect of the size and mix of public spending on growth and inequality




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Effects of flexibility-enhancing reforms on employment transitions

Do flexibility-enhancing reforms imply more employment instability? Using individual-level data from harmonised household surveys for 26 advanced countries, this paper analyses the effects of product and labour market reforms on transitions in and out of employment.




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Enhancing Economic Flexibility: What Is in It for Workers?

Reforms that boost growth by enhancing economic flexibility often meet strong opposition related to concerns that they may imply adverse consequences for categories of workers. This study investigates how making product or labour market regulation more flexible changes workers’ risks of moving out of employment and jobless people’s chances of becoming employed.




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Composite Leading Indicators (CLI), OECD, December 2016

Growth momentum picking-up in several advanced economies and strengthening in major emerging economies




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Fostering productivity for income convergence in the Czech Republic

Over the past two decades, the income level of the Czech Republic has converged considerably towards the OECD average.




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Enhancing public sector efficiency and effectiveness in the Czech Republic

Spending on public administration itself is relatively low and so are indicators of its performance.




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Fostering productivity for income convergence in the Czech Republic

Over the past two decades, the income level of the Czech Republic has converged considerably towards the OECD average.




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Composite Leading Indicators (CLI), OECD, January 2017

Stronger signals of growth momentum picking-up in several major OECD economies




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Does growth lead to inequality? It depends.

Widespread increases in inequality over the past three decades have raised the question of whether growth in itself is a driver of income inequality.




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Decoupling of wages from productivity: Macro-level facts

This paper provides a quantitative description of decoupling in OECD countries over the past two decades, with the results suggesting that it is explained by declines in both labour shares and the ratio of median to average wages (a partial measure of wage inequality).




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Decoupling of wages from productivity: Macro-level facts

This paper provides a quantitative description of decoupling in OECD countries over the past two decades, with the results suggesting that it is explained by declines in both labour shares and the ratio of median to average wages (a partial measure of wage inequality).




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The business climate has improved in Indonesia, but this is no time for complacency

The government has put a heavy emphasis on improving the business climate, thereby promoting a competitive, innovative and dynamic private business sector.




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Strengthening economic resilience: What lessons to draw from the post-1970s record of severe recessions and financial crises

Major global crises such as the 2008-09 episode are mercifully rare, but severe recessions have been quite frequent among OECD countries over the past four decades.




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Composite Leading Indicators (CLI), OECD, February 2017

Composite leading indicators continue to point to growth gaining momentum in several advanced economies




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Sweden’s economy is resilient and growing strongly, but must address rising challenges

The Swedish economy is growing strongly, with unemployment trending downward and living standards among the highest in the world. Maintaining today’s high levels of well-being and addressing new challenges will require further actions to ensure inclusive, resilient and green growth for all, according to a new report from the OECD.




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Portugal needs stronger investment to maintain growth and improve living standards

Portugal’s economy has successfully recovered from the strong recession that lasted until 2014. Nonetheless, the economy’s still low investment, which has declined far more than in other Euro area countries, remains a source of concern.




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Conquering utopia anew – Income inequality in Sweden

Equality, a long-standing hallmark of Swedish society, carries multiple benefits in terms of economic performance, trust, opportunity and well-being.




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Sweden is a champion of gender equality, but parity is not reached yet

Sweden ranks among the OECD’s frontrunners in terms of gender equality. Women have a high employment rate, outperform men in education and are well represented in government and parliament.




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Finance and productivity: A literature review

This paper surveys a broad range of studies and highlights the main findings of the empirical literature regarding business finance and productivity.




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Finance and productivity: A literature review

This paper surveys a broad range of studies and highlights the main findings of the empirical literature regarding business finance and productivity.




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Economic Survey of Australia 2017

Further structural reform is required to raise productivity growth through a better climate for business and stronger R&D outcomes.




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Deconstructing income inequality in Costa Rica: an income source decomposition approach

Despite an improvement in overall macroeconomic performance in Costa Rica, income inequality has risen and is currently at its maximum historical value.




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Modest pick-up in global growth but risks and vulnerabilities could derail recovery

Global economic growth is expected to pick up modestly next year to around 3.6 % from a projected 3.3% in 2017 but risks of rising protectionism, financial vulnerabilities, potential volatility from divergent interest rate paths and disconnects between market valuations and real activity hang over the outlook, according to the OECD.




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Economic resilience

Economic resilience can be strengthened implementing policies aimed at mitigating both the risks and consequences of severe crises.




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Efficient, Equitable and Enforceable: three "Es" for reforming India's tax system and better finance public services

Promoting inclusive growth in India requires improving social and physical infrastructure.




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Growth-oriented policy agenda needed to ensure stronger economic recovery with benefits for all workers and households

Governments must deploy policy packages that take advantage of the synergies between labour, product and financial market reforms to escape the low-growth trap and ensure that benefits are broadly shared by the vast majority of citizens, according to the OECD’s annual Going for Growth report.