de DEST course ‘BASICS of TAXONOMY’ 4th edition By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Tue, 19 May 2015 10:02:00 +0300 The 4th edition of the DEST course ‘BASICS of TAXONOMY’ will take place from 5 to16 October 2015 at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences, Kristineberg, Sweden. Taught by renowned experts in their field, the course topics are: - DELTA- Digital drawing- Scientific illustration- Scientific writing and communication- Scratchpads, a tool to build, publish and share information on the web Target audience: MSc students, PhD students, early career researchers Thanks to funding of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, this 2-weeks course is offered at a discounted rate of 550 EUR. Fee includes accommodation and meals. More info: http://taxonomytraining.eu/content/basics-taxonomy-describing-illustrating-and-communicating-biodiversity Full Article Events
de 3rd EU BON Stakeholder Round Table "Biodiversity data workflow - from data mobilisation to practice" By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Mon, 26 Oct 2015 15:13:00 +0200 The 3rd EU BON Stakeholder Round Table "Biodiversity data workflow - from data mobilisation to practice" will take place on 10&11 December 2015 Granada, Spain. One main objective of the round table is to understand how the workflow from data mobilisation to decision making functions in practice, including within the context of EU BON. Firstly, we want to evaluate what kind of (biodiversity) data are available and what workflows and best practices already exist. Secondly, we want to assess which gaps still exist and what will be needed to improve the current situation to overcome existing barriers. Please register here: http://societas.biodiv.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/?q=node/64 Full Article Events
de International Workshop Decision Models and Population Management By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Fri, 15 Jan 2016 09:57:00 +0200 The "International Workshop Decision Models and Population Management" will take place from 2 to 4 February, 2014 in Paris, France. The three days international and interdisciplinary workshop is devoted to the decision making, in particular in presence of multiple actors with or without interaction. These problems occur in a natural way in management of populations, where the dynamics are strongly related to the decisions. The workshop aims to bring together Mathematicians, Computer Scientists and Ecologists around the problem of populations management. The population dynamics, viability theory and game theory form an umbrella of helpful mathematical tools in this context. On the other hand, the computer sciences bring the online and algorithmic mechanism design.The workshop is motivated by concrete problems proposed by ecologists and aims to create a synergy between scientists from different backgrounds to address the challenging modelling of decision making in the context of ecological paradigms.Invited Speakers- Michel BENAIM (Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Swtizerland)- Renato CASAGRANDI (Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano, Italy)- Denis COUVET (Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France)- Sylvain DUCTOR (LIP6, UPMC, Paris, France)- Marino GATTO (Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria-Politecnico di Milano, Italy) - Ihab HAIDAR (Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France)- Sophie MARTIN (UR LISC - IRSTEA)- Nicolas MAUDET (LIP6, UPMC, Paris, France) - Paco MELIÀ (Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano, Italy)- Jean-Baptiste MIHOUB (UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France)- Vianney PERCHET (Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France) - Karl SIGMUND (University of Vienna, Wien, Austria)- Sylvain SORIN (IMJ-PRG, UPMC, Paris, France)- Jean-Philippe TERREAUX (IRSTEA-ADBX, Bordeaux, France)- Tristan TOMALA (École des hautes études commerciales de Paris, Paris, France)- Vladimir VELIOV (Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in Economics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria)- Yannick VIOSSAT (Université Paris-Dauphine, Paris, France) Full Article Events
de 54th International Conference of the Association of German Taxidermists By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Thu, 10 Mar 2016 09:59:00 +0200 The 54th International Conference of the Association of German Taxidermists, organised by the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, wiill take place from 5 - 9 April 2016, in Berlin, Germany. More information: http://www.praeparation.de/aktuelles/54_internationale_arbeitstagung Full Article Events
de 2016 IndexMed Seminar By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Mon, 09 May 2016 11:58:00 +0300 The 2016 IndexMed Seminar will be held from 6 to 8 June 2016, in Marseille, France. Following the successful workshops (2014 and 2015), this 3rd seminar will highlight the contribution of recent developments in data-mining using graphs approach for environmental research questions and new hypotheses. It will promote exchanges between participants, the acquisition of practical methods and will explore new ways to organize data. The aims, after sharing scientific evidences and confronting experiences, are to develop collaborations using/based on graph approaches and new researches around the Mediterranean Sea and across Europe, and to respond to a European H2020 Call next year. The 3-days program (6 to 8 June 2016) will be extensive, including 3 plenary sessions with keynote speakers (international level), social events, a posters session and a 2-days workshop (about 20 places), during which participants will build their first data graphs with their own datasets and learn how to generate metadata and to write data papers. The 2016 IndexMed Seminar welcomes abstracts for original oral and poster contributions until 15th May 2016. The online submission process will be opened soon (1st April) on http://indexmed2016.sciencesconf.org. Registration is free and open to any researcher. PhD and Master students are welcome. Follow the latest news and register for the event here. Full Article Events
de ScenNet Biodiversity and Ecosystem Scenarios Network Scenarios and Models of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Support of Decision-Making By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Wed, 22 Jun 2016 11:35:00 +0300 The ScenNet Biodiversity and Ecosystem Scenarios Network Scenarios and Models of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Support of Decision-Making conference will take place on 23 - 26 August 2016 at CORUM, Montpellier, France. The conference covers scenarios and modelling applications in marine, freshwater and terrestrial systems, across all relevant disciplines of natural and social sciences. It is open to scientists and experts working in the field, policy makers and practioners. The conference focuses on: (i) Exploring recent advances in modelling human impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services, (ii) Addressing the use of scenarios and models for decision support, (iii) Mobilising observations of biodiversity and ecosystem services for model development and testing, (iv) Capacity building for developing scenarios and models and for their use in decision making, (v) Horizon scanning and addressing gaps in knowledge. More information available on the conference website. Full Article Events
de DEST Course: Philosophy of Biological Systematics By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Mon, 13 Jun 2016 09:48:00 +0300 The 3rd edition of the DEST course "Philosophy of Biological Systematics" is co-organised with the Scandinavian Research School in Biosystematics (ForBio) and will take place from 10 to 14 October 2016. Target Audience MSc students, PhD students, early career researchers, professional systematists/taxonomists and anyone who is interested in the philosophy of Biological Systematics. Criteria for selection will be scientific merit, motivation and usefulness of the training course for the applicant's career. For more information and to register, please go to: http://taxonomytraining.eu/content/philosophy-biological-systematics-1 Full Article Events
de Basics of Taxonomy: describing, illustrating and communicating biodiversity, a DEST course By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Mon, 13 Jun 2016 09:40:00 +0300 The 5th edition of the DEST course "Basics of Taxonomy" is co-organised with the Scandinavian Research School in Biosystematics (ForBio). The course will take place from 10 to 21 October 2016 at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences, Kristineberg. Course topics covered: DELTA, digital drawing, scientific illustration, scientific writing and communication, Scratchpads. For more infromation and to register, please go to: http://taxonomytraining.eu/content/basics-taxonomy-describing-illustrating-and-communicating-biodiversity-0 Full Article Events
de X. International Conference on Ecological Informatics 'Facing Global Change by Sharing Data and Models' By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Wed, 23 Dec 2015 16:57:00 +0200 The 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics 'Facing Global Change by Sharing Data and Models' wil take place on 24‐28 October 2016 in Dubrovnik, Croatia Keynote speakers : Duccio Rocchini, Trento, Italy 'Recent developments in biogeography' Marie A. Roch, San Diego State University, USA 'Managing bioacoustics data' Submissions of abstracts, special sessions, short courses on all aspects of ecological informatics are accepted until January 31st 2016 and should be sent to Bozidar Dedus, Local Conference Chair bozidar.dedus@gmail.com More information is available here: www.icei2016.org Full Article Events
de EU ABS Regulation Workshop - Leiden By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 15:46:00 +0300 The EU ABS Regulation workshop aims at providing the participants with knowledge about their obligations under the EU ABS Regulation and what they practically imply for their everyday work. In the first part of the workshop, the new legal framework will be explained, providing insight into the main provisions of the EU ABS Regulation. In the second part of the workshop, participants will have a chance to put the knowledge gained into practice through interactive case studies, based on real-life examples and realistic scenarios. Registration page: http://www.euconf.eu/abs/en/registration/index.html Full Article Events
de GEO Data Providers Workshop By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Fri, 20 Jan 2017 15:52:00 +0200 The GEO Data Providers workshop will take place from 20-21 April in Florence, Italy. The First GEO Data Providers workshop was held as a side event during the GEO-XIII Plenary in St. Petersburg, to strengthen the dialogue with data providers in order to improve the discoverability, accessibility and usability of GEOSS resources by GEOSS users. Given the high level of interest and success of the first workshop, a more comprehensive event of two days will be hosted by the Italian, National Research Council (CNR) in Florence, Italy, in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA). More information to follow. Full Article Events
de A memorial slide show for David By www.davidbordwell.net Published On :: Fri, 18 Oct 2024 19:42:33 +0000 After David’s memorial service in May (a video recording of which is permanently on Vimeo with no password necessary), some people on my Facebook page asked if a collection of photographs of David could be made available. There was a slide show created to run on a loop in the lobby of the funeral home […] Full Article David Bordwell Film comments
de FBI thwarts Iranian murder-for-hire plan targeting Donald Trump By www.boston.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 17:25:56 +0000 The plot reflects what federal officials have described as ongoing efforts by Iran to target U.S. government officials, including Trump, on U.S. soil. The post FBI thwarts Iranian murder-for-hire plan targeting Donald Trump appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article News Crime Donald Trump National News Politics World News
de MLB insider believes Red Sox are one of 7 teams interested in Juan Soto By www.boston.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 03:08:36 +0000 “I do expect the Red Sox to be in." The post MLB insider believes Red Sox are one of 7 teams interested in Juan Soto appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Baseball MLB Red Sox
de Red Sox reportedly interested in Teoscar Hernández for a second straight offseason By www.boston.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 16:35:09 +0000 Hernández, who hit 33 homers to earn an All-Star nod, helped the Dodgers win the World Series in 2024. The post Red Sox reportedly interested in Teoscar Hernández for a second straight offseason appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Baseball MLB Morning Sports Update Red Sox
de Red Sox viewed as a top candidate to land Garrett Crochet by pair of insiders By www.boston.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 22:21:49 +0000 Crochet, 25, was one of the top starting pitchers in the American League last season, posting a 3.58 ERA. The post Red Sox viewed as a top candidate to land Garrett Crochet by pair of insiders appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Baseball MLB Red Sox
de Red Sox reportedly have meeting scheduled with free agent outfielder Juan Soto By www.boston.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 14:57:42 +0000 The 26-year-old offers game-changing talent, but could come with a historic price tag. The post Red Sox reportedly have meeting scheduled with free agent outfielder Juan Soto appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Baseball MLB Morning Sports Update Red Sox
de Question 4: Voters reject legalization of some psychedelic substances By www.boston.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 10:17:53 +0000 With about 87 percent of precincts reporting, 57 percent of residents voted against the measure, according to the Associated Press. The post Question 4: Voters reject legalization of some psychedelic substances appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article News 2024 Election 2024 Massachusetts Ballot Questions Health Politics
de Voters rejected Question 4. Here’s why readers are ‘disappointed.’ By www.boston.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 20:24:34 +0000 “It's a real shame for sufferers of PTSD and CPTSD, who can greatly benefit from therapy with these substances,” one respondent said. The post Voters rejected Question 4. Here’s why readers are ‘disappointed.’ appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Community 2024 Election 2024 Massachusetts Ballot Questions Health Local News Politics Readers Say
de QUIZ: Can You Identify These 10 Famous Composers From Their Photos? By www.cmuse.org Published On :: Fri, 29 May 2015 09:04:35 +0000 No hints; just portraits. How many of these 10 famous composers can you identify? No hints; just portraits. How many of these 10 famous composers ... Read more The post QUIZ: Can You Identify These 10 Famous Composers From Their Photos? appeared first on CMUSE. Full Article CLASSICAL QUIZZES Composers music photos music quiz trivia
de Julian Edelman credits Tom Brady for Jets’ current dysfunction By www.boston.com Published On :: Thu, 24 Oct 2024 00:58:03 +0000 "This is kind of a new wrinkle in the league where teams are trying to buy the Super Bowl.” The post Julian Edelman credits Tom Brady for Jets’ current dysfunction appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Football Julian Edelman NFL Patriots Tom Brady
de Watch: Linus Ullmark shares hug with Jeremy Swayman, salutes Bruins fans in return to TD Garden By www.boston.com Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 01:36:23 +0000 Ullmark and Swayman shared an embrace ahead of Saturday's game at TD Garden. The post Watch: Linus Ullmark shares hug with Jeremy Swayman, salutes Bruins fans in return to TD Garden appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Bruins Hockey Jeremy Swayman Linus Ullmark NHL
de Linus Ullmark relishes his return to TD Garden, especially after beating Bruins By www.boston.com Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 04:25:54 +0000 “It's something that I'll look back at and bring with me forever." The post Linus Ullmark relishes his return to TD Garden, especially after beating Bruins appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Bruins Hockey Linus Ullmark NHL
de Are the Bruins making the right call sending Matt Poitras to Providence? By www.boston.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 21:43:00 +0000 "He puts himself in some bad situations, which he needs to learn from those. But we just love how combative he is." The post Are the Bruins making the right call sending Matt Poitras to Providence? appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Bruins Hockey NHL
de Quinta Brunson, Ayo Edebiri, and Rhea Seehorn light up the Emmy Awards silver carpet By www.boston.com Published On :: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 13:23:21 +0000 “We're snatched and loving it,” actress and Dorchester native Ayo Edebiri told E! The post Quinta Brunson, Ayo Edebiri, and Rhea Seehorn light up the Emmy Awards silver carpet appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Culture Awards Season Ayo Edebiri Celebs Entertainment Fashion
de Wife of 49ers FB Kyle Juszczyk becomes designing star thanks to Taylor Swift By www.boston.com Published On :: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 23:53:07 +0000 Kristin Juszczyk designed Taylor Swift's custom Chiefs jacket for Saturday's wild-card game. And the internet loved it. The post Wife of 49ers FB Kyle Juszczyk becomes designing star thanks to Taylor Swift appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Entertainment Fashion NFL Taylor Swift
de Photos: The Celtics arrive in style for championship parade and celebrations By www.boston.com Published On :: Fri, 21 Jun 2024 15:35:46 +0000 From a cowboy hat to a WWE belt, the NBA champions each put a unique spin on their fits for Friday's celebrations. The post Photos: The Celtics arrive in style for championship parade and celebrations appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Basketball Celtics Fashion NBA NBA Playoffs
de A Somerville teen crocheted her prom dress in three days. Her video of the design process went viral. By www.boston.com Published On :: Wed, 03 Jul 2024 13:36:39 +0000 Sarah Akinbuwa remembers the days when she was bullied over her love of crocheting, a hobby she picked up with her circle of schoolmates as a 12-year-old in Nigeria. Now living in Somerville and devoted to the craft, the 18-year-old is winning acclaim for one of her latest creations: a bright pink, floor-length prom dress […] The post A Somerville teen crocheted her prom dress in three days. Her video of the design process went viral. appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article News Fashion Local News Somerville The Boston Globe
de Here’s a peek inside Jayson Tatum’s sneaker closet By www.boston.com Published On :: Thu, 24 Oct 2024 16:30:18 +0000 Spoiler alert: it "looks like a whole store." The post Here’s a peek inside Jayson Tatum’s sneaker closet appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Basketball Celtics Fashion Jayson Tatum NBA Sports News
de David Ortiz still loves watching the Red Sox’ historic comeback vs. the Yankees 20 years later, especially alongside Alex Rodriguez and Derek Jeter By www.boston.com Published On :: Fri, 18 Oct 2024 22:13:50 +0000 "Theeeee Yankees lose!" The post David Ortiz still loves watching the Red Sox’ historic comeback vs. the Yankees 20 years later, especially alongside Alex Rodriguez and Derek Jeter appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Sports Baseball David Ortiz MLB New York Yankees Red Sox
de These Greater Boston restaurants are offering deals, specials, and community post-election By www.boston.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 19:50:16 +0000 However you're feeling post-election, your local restaurants are here to bring Boston together. The post These Greater Boston restaurants are offering deals, specials, and community post-election appeared first on Boston.com. Full Article Food 2024 Election Brighton Cambridge Jamaica Plain Neighborhoods Restaurants Somerville Things to Do
de How dare Spain of all nations try to lecture Britain about democracy By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Wed, 28 Nov 2018 22:00:00 +0100 Spain has threatened to block the Brexit deal if it does not get a veto over how any future trade deal applies to Gibraltar (pictured) AFP /Getty Images DAILY MAIL 22-11-2018 By STEPHEN GLOVER Theresa May already has enough problems on her hands with the Democratic Unionist Party and Tory Brexiteers proclaiming they will vote against her deal in the Commons next month. Just when she least needed another set of anxieties, the Spanish government has tossed a potentially lethal grenade in her direction. It is threatening to scupper the Brexit agreement because it is unhappy with a section of the draft withdrawal agreement concerning Gibraltar. At the same time, its foreign minister, Josep Borrell, has let fly by suggesting that Brexit could split apart the United Kingdom. He claims to be ‘very much more worried’ about the unity of the UK than of Spain. And, in a move bound to cheer Nicola Sturgeon and the SNP, he says Spain has dropped its historic opposition to Scotland joining the EU as an independent country. Madrid had hitherto tried to discourage nationalists in Catalonia by insisting that it would block Scottish membership of the Union. I must say that, on the eve of Sunday’s planned EU summit, none of this is very friendly or helpful. By announcing that Scotland would be welcomed with open arms, Mr Borrell seems almost to be willing the disintegration of the United Kingdom. What is the Spanish government playing at? Gibraltar has of course long been a bone of contention, with Madrid laying claim to the Rock, which was ceded to Britain in 1713. Here one must say, with all possible courtesy, that Spain’s obsession with Gibraltar sometimes verges on the deranged. In a 1967 referendum, 99.6 per cent of Gibraltar’s citizens voted to remain British. In 2002, a proposal for joint sovereignty was rejected by 98 per cent of Gibraltarians. Some people might have got the message by now that pretty well everyone in the tiny territory would prefer to stay British, thank you very much. But a succession of testosterone-driven Spanish politicians will not listen. One of the ironies of this story, so grotesque that it is hard not to be amused, is that Madrid vehemently defends its right to retain two historic enclaves in Morocco, called Ceuta and Melilla. The Moroccan government periodically grumbles about this anomaly. Spain’s sovereignty over Ceuta and Melilla is, to its way of thinking, beyond reproach, even though it’s not at all clear that all the inhabitants of the two enclaves are joyful subjects. But Gibraltar, whose people are thoroughly happy being British, should belong to Spain. Get it? All this has blown up because Gibraltar will leave the EU on March 29 next year along with the UK, though it should be said that 96 per cent of its citizens voted Remain on an 82 per cent turnout. However, there’s no evidence that any of them are hankering after rule from Madrid. Why is the Spanish government so upset? Because it believes that Article 184 of the draft withdrawal agreement implies that the future of the territory will be decided by the EU and the UK, without Spain necessarily being involved. This is a case of paranoia. Spain is certain to be consulted by both parties, and is constantly talking about Gibraltar with the British Government. The truth is that politicians in Madrid are puffing out their chests with characteristic machismo. I would be surprised if they do upset the deal, though one can’t be sure. In a narrow sense, this is a squabble about virtually nothing, since, as I have said, Spain will continue to be included in discussions. But the outburst reminds us just how fixated all Spanish governments (the present one is Left-wing) are on Gibraltar, and how weak is their adherence to democratic principles. So far as Madrid is concerned, Gibraltar should be Spanish because it is part of the Spanish mainland, and was inveigled by Perfidious Albion a very long time ago. It seems hardly to weigh with them that the vast majority of people in the territory understandably see themselves as British. In this view of things, sovereignty has its roots in land, not in the hearts of citizens. This idea was perfectly demonstrated last autumn, when the Catalan government in Barcelona decided to call a referendum on independence, which resulted in a large Leave majority on a relatively small turnout. Arguably, the Catalan nationalists overplayed their hand. But nothing can excuse the response of the Madrid Government. Its police bludgeoned and assaulted defenceless voters who were simply trying to exercise their democratic right. Some 900 people were said to be injured. After the vote, the Spanish government summarily dissolved the Catalan Parliament and arrested leading Catalan politicians. President Puigdemont and others managed to escape to Belgium, but were forced to flee to Germany after Madrid issued European arrest warrants alleging crimes of rebellion and sedition. These warrants have now been suspended but Puigdemont and his colleagues dare not return to Spain for fear that they will be arrested and thrown into jail. None of this sounds very civilised, does it? And so when Josep Borrell says that he thinks Spain will remain a united state for longer than the United Kingdom, I can’t help shaking my head in disbelief. Spain — which, let’s face it, is a very young democracy, though of course a great country — refused to allow a referendum on independence in Catalonia. When the Catalans went ahead and held one of their own, the Spanish state cracked down on them in a pretty brutal way. By contrast, Westminster — a very much older democracy — acceded to the SNP’s request for a referendum on independence in 2014. No one can doubt that if a majority of the Scottish people had voted to leave the UK, their wish would have been honoured. The Spanish way, pretty openly endorsed by Brussels, was to rely on coercion. The British way, at any rate in the 21st century, was to rely on persuasion and open debate, and to accept the powerful democratic idea that people should be governed with their consent. Only a fool would deny that the United Kingdom faces challenges to its survival as a unitary state. But I venture to suggest that consent is likely to keep it together longer than Spain will be held together by force. What has happened in Catalonia is that a long-established longing for independence has been quelled, but it has not been extinguished. Sooner or later it will rise again. What will politicians in Madrid then do? As for Gibraltar, in the unlikely event of a majority of its people ever wanting to exchange their British citizenship for Spanish, I have no doubt that their desire would be granted. It is partly the sure knowledge that it would be that makes them want to stay British. How we flagellate ourselves at the moment during these wrangles over Brexit. We are said to be the laughing stock of Europe. Our democracy is spoken of as dysfunctional. Many of us feel a bit down in the dumps. But when I look at Spain, and hear its foreign minister cheerfully prophesying the break-up of the United Kingdom; when I see Spanish politicians casting avaricious eyes on the Rock of Gibraltar — why, then I am still very glad to be British. Full Article
de Spaniens Richter tanzen nach der Pfeife der Politiker By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Sun, 16 Dec 2018 10:30:00 +0100 Wegen fragwürdiger Anklagen, Urteile und Ernennungen gerät die spanische Justiz zunehmend ins Zwielicht. Die politischen Parteien haben zu grossen Einfluss auf die Ernennung der Richter. «Gerechtigkeit!» Spaniens Justiz gerät ins Zwielicht, etwa durch die Kehrtwende des obersten Gerichts im Fall der Grundbuchgebühren. (Bild: Susana Vera / Reuters) NZZ Ute Müller 13.12.2018. Dass die spanische Justiz langsam arbeitet und völlig überlastet ist, ist allseits bekannt. Dass aber die politischen Parteien Einfluss bis in die obersten Richtergremien haben, war den Bürgern lange Zeit nur wenig bewusst. Doch das änderte sich jüngst mit der Ernennung des Vorsitzenden des Generalrats der Justiz (Consejo General del Poder Judicial). Das Gremium entscheidet über die Besetzung der wichtigsten Richterposten im Land. Kaum war bekanntgeworden, dass Manuel Marchena, ein konservativer Richter an Spaniens oberstem Gerichtshof, zum Vorsitzenden dieses Rats gekürt werden sollte, drang Jubel aus dem Senat. Ignacio Cosido, der Sprecher der konservativen Fraktion in der kleinen Parlamentskammer, liess seine 146 Amtskollegen per Whatsapp wissen, dass man mit Marchenas Ernennung Einfluss auf die Prozesse gegen korrupte Politiker in den eigenen Reihen erlangen werde, denn man könne jetzt die Strafkammer des obersten Gerichts «von hinten kontrollieren». Die Textnachricht wurde der Zeitung «El Español» zugespielt, ein Aufschrei ging durch die gesamte Medienlandschaft. Kuhhandel zwischen Parteien Auch aus den Reihen der Richter wurde Kritik laut. Ramón Trillo, ehemaliger Vorsitzender einer der Kammern des obersten Gerichtshofs, rügte, dass die Richter immer mehr am Gängelband der Politik geführt würden. Die Verflechtung zwischen Richtern und Parteien beeinträchtige das Ansehen der Justiz. In der Tat ist die Auswahl der 20 Richter des Generalrats der Justiz eine Art Kuhhandel zwischen den führenden Parteien. Wenn das rechte Lager den Präsidenten stellen darf, dann dürfen die Linken die Mehrheit, nämlich 11 der Richter, ernennen und umgekehrt. So stand es klipp und klar in der Textnachricht von Cosido. Marchena blieb nichts anderes übrig, als seine Ernennung zum Präsidenten des Generalrats der Justiz abzulehnen. Dafür will er nun an seinem brisantesten Fall weiterarbeiten, nämlich am Prozess gegen den ehemaligen katalanischen Vizeregierungschef Oriol Junqueras und 17 weitere katalanische Separatisten. Der Prozess soll im Januar beginnen. Junqueras, der seit über einem Jahr in Untersuchungshaft sitzt, liess bereits über seinen Anwalt mitteilen, dass er Marchena wegen Befangenheit ablehnen werde. Eine Gruppe von vier Mitangeklagten folgte diesem Schritt. Marchena sei der Protagonist eines Paktes, der darauf abziele, die spanische Justiz zu kontrollieren, hiess es zur Begründung. Die offenkundige Nähe zu einer bestimmten politischen Gruppierung lasse Zweifel an seiner Neutralität bei diesem Prozess aufkommen. Die Angeklagten stützten ihren Befangenheitsantrag unter anderem auf die Textnachricht von Cosido. Umstrittener Vorwurf der Rebellion Für die inhaftierten Katalanen sieht es nicht günstig aus. In der Anklageschrift von Pablo Llarena, ebenfalls einem konservativen Magistraten des obersten Gerichtshofs, wird der Vorwurf erhoben, die katalanischen Politiker hätten eine «Rebellion» angezettelt, um die Unabhängigkeit ihrer Region zu erreichen. Llarena wirft ihnen im Weiteren zivilen Ungehorsam und die Veruntreuung öffentlicher Mittel bei der Durchführung der illegalen Volksabstimmung für die Loslösung Kataloniens von Spanien vor. Im Ausland hat man keine «Rebellion» erkannt. Die Behörden in vier europäischen Ländern haben Auslieferungsgesuche der spanischen Justiz gegen den ehemaligen katalanischen Regierungschef Carles Puigdemont und einige seiner Getreuen deshalb abgelehnt. Auch in Spanien regt sich Unmut über die Art, wie die Justiz den Katalonien-Konflikt behandelt. Vor einigen Tagen unterzeichneten 300 namhafte spanische Juristen und Verfassungsrechtler ein Manifest, in dem sie einen Prozess wegen «Rebellion» gegen die katalanischen Unabhängigkeitsbefürworter als «Irrtum» bezeichneten und die Freilassung der katalanischen Politiker verlangten. Der Untersuchungsrichter und die Staatsanwaltschaft hätten sich bei ihren Anschuldigungen auf den Artikel 472 des Strafgesetzbuchs gestützt, der die Anwendung von Gewalt mit Einsatz von Feuerwaffen oder Sprengstoff voraussetze. Dies sei aber mitnichten der Fall gewesen. «In dubio pro banco» Für grösste Empörung sorgte kürzlich auch ein umstrittenes Urteil beziehungsweise eine abrupte Kehrtwende des obersten Gerichtshofs. Ein Entscheid zu den Grundbuchgebühren bei Hypothekarverträgen fiel zuerst zugunsten der Bankkunden aus, kurz darauf wurde er ins Gegenteil korrigiert. Den Banken wurden damit Rückzahlungen an die Kunden in Höhe von mehreren Milliarden Euro erspart. «In dubio pro banco» (im Zweifel für die Bank), höhnten die Medien. «Mit diesem Urteil stehen wir da, als ob wir nach der Pfeife der Banken tanzen würden», räumte Nicolás Maurandi ein, einer der 28 Richter am obersten Gerichtshof. Blamiert hat sich Spaniens Rechtsprechung auch im Ausland. So urteilte der Europäische Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte in Strassburg im November, dass der baskische Politiker Arnaldo Otegi, der einst als Anwalt für Mitglieder der baskischen Terrororganisation ETA arbeitete, keinen fairen Prozess erhalten habe. Die spanische Justiz muss nun ein gegen ihn verhängtes Berufsverbot überprüfen. Spanien ist allerdings nicht das einzige Land, dessen Urteile von europäischen Gerichten kassiert werden. Das gleiche Gericht verhängte eine Geldbusse von 14 400 Euro gegen Spanien, weil spanische Richter zwei jugendliche Katalanen zu einer Gefängnisstrafe verurteilt hatten; die beiden hatten bei einer Demonstration ein Bild des früheren Königs Juan Carlos verbrannt. Die belgischen Behörden wiederum nahmen einen mallorquinischen Rapper namens Josep Miquel Arenas in Schutz, weil er wegen Majestätsbeleidigung sowie der «Verherrlichung» von ETA-Verbrechen für drei Jahre hinter Gitter gehen sollte. Der unter dem Künstlernamen Valtonyc bekannte 25-Jährige kann weiterhin nicht nach Spanien reisen, ohne festgenommen zu werden. Unabhängigkeit nicht gewährleistet Die Staatengruppe gegen Korruption (Greco), eine Unterorganisation des Europarats, monierte in ihrem letzten Bericht die undurchsichtigen politischen Geschäfte bei der Ernennung von Richtern. Sie empfahl, mindestens die Hälfte der Richter sollte von den Kollegen ernannt werden und nicht vom Parlament oder vom Senat. Die unselige Praxis reiche bis in die Provinzen Spaniens und müsse dringend korrigiert werden. Die Greco vermisst auch objektive Kriterien bei der Kandidatenauswahl. Die zwölf Mitglieder des spanischen Verfassungsgerichts müssen nicht einmal Richter sein, es genügt, dass sie eine juristische Laufbahn eingeschlagen haben. Vier der Mitglieder des Verfassungsgerichts, das sich mit den heikelsten gesellschaftlichen Themen befasst, werden vom Parlament ernannt, vier vom Senat, zwei von der Regierung und nur zwei vom obersten Richtergremium. Es verwundert nicht, dass Spanien bei den jährlichen Umfragen über die Unabhängigkeit der Justiz immer einen der hintersten Ränge belegt. Full Article
de Catalan Hunger Strikers Send Message to European Leaders By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Fri, 28 Dec 2018 17:15:00 +0100 NYT By REUTERS 17-12-2018 Four jailed Catalan separatist leaders currently on hunger strike sent letters to more than 40 European heads on Monday to protest what they see as mistreatment by the Spanish courts. The dispute between Catalonia's independence-seeking regional government and Madrid has worsened in recent weeks as negotiations have reached an impasse. Pro-independence protests are planned across Catalonia on Friday. "We suffer from a judicial process that severely violates our fundamental rights, including the right to the presumption of innocence," the Catalan leaders wrote in the letter, which was sent to more than 40 European heads of state and government. Spain's courts are unduly delaying their appeal demands to prevent the separatists appealing at the European level, the Catalan leaders said. The four signatories went on hunger strike earlier this month to protest their treatment by the Spanish judiciary, though they have no intention of starving themselves to death, one told Reuters last week. A total of nine Catalan leaders are in jail awaiting trial for their role in the region's failed bid to split from Spain last year. If convicted, they face decades in prison on charges including misappropriation of funds and rebellion. Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez and his cabinet will travel to Barcelona on Friday for a meeting to be held amid high security as pro-independence groups have announced plans to hold protests and block transport in the region. (Reporting by Sam Edwards; Editing by Angus MacSwan) Full Article
de International Trial Watch: experts set up platform to supervise Catalonia’s independence trial By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Fri, 28 Dec 2018 17:30:00 +0100 International observers will determine if the right to defense and impartial trial are respected VILAWEB 18-12-2018 A group of judicial and human rights experts, as well as professors throughout Spain, have set up a platform called ‘International Trial Watch – Catalan Referendum case’ to supervise the trial against independence leaders, presented on Monday. At the event, criminal law professor Iñaki Rivera stated that they are creating reports to determine if the “right to defense, the existence and duration of pre-trial incarceration, and impartial trial, balance between parties, and the taking of evidence” are respected, along with the competency of the Supreme Court in the trial. Full Article
de Catalan political crisis 'should speak to all democrats' By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Fri, 28 Dec 2018 17:45:00 +0100 JOAQUIM Forn was Catalonia’s interior minister until he was arrested for his role in the October 2017 independence referendum. He has been in jail since. THE NATIONAL 18th December 2018 Exclusive by GREG RUSSELL Forn has also been on hunger strike for two weeks, one of four prisoners taking this drastic course of action. Here, he talks about his incarceration, the forthcoming trials and Europe. What is your view of events such as the continuing refusal of European leaders to take up your cases; and the way Spain is lurching further to the right almost every day? I am worried that Europe turns its back on the situation we are in. What is happening is a clear violation of civil rights and liberties. In Spain, an involution is happening as a consequence of a weak left that is being dragged by the discourse of the PP (People’s Party) and Ciudadanos (Citizens) and also due to the rise of the extreme right with Vox. Europe should not be unconnected to this regression and should position itself in defence of our liberties. The political prisoners have a huge amount of support with daily protests outside Lledoners – does that support give you more strength? Absolutely. Some of us have been for more than a year in pretrial and preventative detention. First in prison in Madrid and now in Catalunya. These last few months have been very tough and we have been able to overcome them thanks to the support from our families and the societal mobilisation that there is in Catalunya. From the prison courtyard we can hear the chants and shouts of support. Without this great support, the situation would have been more difficult to bear. You have been on hunger strike now for two weeks, are you not worried that this protest can damage you? We have not imposed a time limit upon ourselves. Our hunger strike aims to denounce the inaction of the Constitutional Court (TC), which has not reviewed our appeals. Some of these were submitted a year ago. The court, who should be the guarantor of our rights, is acting subordinate to political interests and is denying us access to European justice. What we are enduring in Spain should not only worry independence supporters. Any democrat should react to this arbitrariness. We are clearly worried about the possible consequences to our health. The medical services from jail check us daily. We cannot forget that our trial is starting next month and that we should confront it in the best possible condition, both physical and mentally. The TC judges have said they will hear you appeals next month (and will hear some cases before then) – do you believe that they will stick to that timetable? From the moment we started the hunger strike, the TC made some moves. This week, it has started to resolve five of almost 30 appeals that all the defendants have presented. Next week it will continue to resolve other appeals. It is clear that the TC knows it has not acted according to the law and should face our complaint. How do you view the world’s response to what is happening in Catalonia? I would like there to be a bigger awareness of what is happening in Spain. The governments of both PP and PSOE (Spanish Socialist Party) have dismissed dialogue, which is the political way, and have ended up imposing criminal law solutions against the political demands of millions of Catalans. The fact that in Europe, in the 21st century, we are talking about exiled and imprisoned politicians should worry the European states and citizens. The crisis being lived in Catalunya should speak to all democrats. The debate about liberties is very alive in Europe and the world, so we cannot turn our backs as if this debate does not concern us. How worrying is the prospect of not receiving a fair trial? Without a doubt, we are very worried. In any case, I see the trial as an opportunity. We are not in the pretrial proceedings any more, so now the accusations need to be argued with proof. The prosecution wanted to create the narrative of rebellion and sedition, based on the police reports from the Civil Guard and the National Police. The German courts have compellingly ruled out these crimes. The trial will be broadcast live, with the presence of international observers. I have not lost faith and I truly think that with the criminal code in hand, the only possible sentence is absolution. Is there anything else you’d like to say? I would like to thank the Scottish people for showing their solidarity and support. We have received hundreds of letters and postcards. We cannot answer them all which is why I want to take this opportunity to thank them for their gesture. Full Article
de Jailed Catalan Speaker Forcadell appeals to European court By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Fri, 28 Dec 2018 18:00:00 +0100 Carme Forcadell was the speaker of the Catalan parliament until January - but has spent almost nine months in prison. BBC News By Niall O'Gallagher 19Decembre2018 The 63-year-old was jailed in March, facing charges of rebellion for her part in the 2017 push for Catalan independence. She spends 15 hours a day alone in her cell. If convicted, she faces up to 17 years in prison. Now she is calling on the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) to order her release. In a rare interview at the Mas d'Enric prison, Ms Forcadell told the BBC that life in her 10 square-metre cell was proving difficult. "Every day is very hard because you know you are innocent but you don't know how many days and nights you'll stay locked up," she said. "I greatly miss my family and those I love." "It is especially hard for my mother, who is 90 years old and suffers a lot. Also for my husband and my sons – I want to get out soon for them. When they come to see me, I see the suffering reflected in their eyes." At home in Sabadell, her husband Bernat Pegueroles is also having a hard time. Catalan crisis in 300 words Catalonia region profile Catalonia: What would an economic split mean? "It has broken the family, in a way," he said. "My sons get on with their lives, but they are suffering too because their mother isn't here. We have a one-year-old grandson and she hasn't seen him growing." "Now he has started walking, and she is excited when we visit – but the lad doesn't recognise her," he said. Who is Carme Forcadell? Ms Forcadell was the speaker of the Barcelona parliament when it voted to declare Catalonia an independent republic on 27 October last year, following a disputed vote in the region a few weeks earlier. She spent a single night in jail that November before being released on bail – but was sent back to prison in March 2018. Her legal team are filing a petition with the ECHR in Strasbourg, saying Ms Forcadell's pre-trial detention breaches her human rights. The trial is expected to begin in Spain in the new year. What is her case? Spanish prosecutors allege that Ms Forcadell was part of a conspiracy to achieve independence illegally – specifically, that she allowed parliamentary debates on independence to go ahead despite warnings from Spain's Constitutional Court. Yet Ms Forcadell insists she did nothing wrong. "My role as speaker of the parliament cannot be to censor the debate, if there is a parliamentary majority which has been elected in free and democratic elections and which wants to speak about this subject," she said. "My duty is to defend the sovereignty of parliament, freedom of expression, political pluralism, and the right of initiative of the deputies." "In a democratic parliament, the word has to be free. One has to be able to speak about everything. The only limit must be respect for fundamental rights," she said. Eight other Catalan leaders are in jail awaiting trial in connection with the October 2017 push for independence. They are: Dolors Bassa, former labour minister Jordi Sànchez, former president, Catalan National Assembly Oriol Junqueras, former vice-president Jordi Cuixart, president of Omnium Cultural Jordi Turull, former Catalan government spokesman Josep Rull, former territorial minister Joaquim Forn, former interior minister Raul Romeva, former external relations minister What does Spain say? Teresa Cunillera, the Spanish government's delegate in Barcelona, denies there are political prisoners in Catalonia. Instead, she said "there are some politicians who, in exercising their responsibilities, broke the law". "So the courts acted, and as a result they are now in the hands of justice," she said. Spain's Supreme Court held an initial hearing on Tuesday to decide whether it was competent to hear the trial. Defence lawyers want the case to be tried by a court in Catalonia, but others have faith in the courts in Madrid. Inés Arrimadas leads the pro-Spain Citizens party in the Barcelona parliament. "I wish they hadn't done what they did, but they declared independence," she said. "They approved a rule which went outside the Spanish constitution, they denied our rights, they silenced us as the opposition in the parliament of Catalonia." "I think that politicians have to answer before the law like any other citizen." Full Article
de Catalunya, Europa, democràcia By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Wed, 20 Mar 2019 20:30:00 +0100 Un manifest italià que demana la llibertat dels presos polítics i ‘el retorn’ a la normalitat democràtica a l’estat espanyol suma centenars d’adhesions. El text l’ha impulsat una quarantena d'intel·lectuals i polítics italians i l’han publicat al mitjà d’esquerres Left.it A Madrid, al cor d’Europa occidental, dotze representants de la política i de la societat civil de Catalunya són en aquests dies sota judici. Nou d’ells són en presó preventiva, en molts casos des de fa més d’un any. Els càrrecs són molt greus i la fiscalia els demana penes que poden arribar fins a 25 anys. Entre els presumptes delictes de què se’ls acusa hi ha el de "rebel·lió": és la figura criminal utilitzada per a aquells que el 1981 van irrompre armats dins el parlament espanyol i van treure els tancs al carrer. Efectivament, el codi penal espanyol, en la tipificació d’aquest delicte, requereix l’element de la "alçament violent". L'única violència fins ara clarament visible i que ha aparegut en gran nombre d’imatges que han fet la volta al mon, és tanmateix la emprada per les forces policials espanyoles, sortint de tot arreu del país cap a Catalunya amb el crit amenaçador de "a por ellos!"; pegant votants i manifestants (fins i tot no independentistes) que resistien pacíficament, amb els braços alçats, defensant els col·legis electorals; disparant bales de goma als ciutadans, tot i que el seu ús està prohibit a Catalunya. Però la història judicial no s’acaba a Madrid, davant el Tribunal Suprem. Altres acusats son jutjats (per desobediència i altres delictes) pels tribunals de Catalunya; hi ha centenars d'alcaldes, activistes socials, artistes, investigats (i en alguns casos condemnats) per haver contribuït d’alguna manera a la preparació del referèndum o simplement per expressar les seves idees (eloqüent, en aquest sentit, l'Informe Amnistia Internacional 2017 / 18, pàgines 339-341). Hi ha, a més, set polítics, tant parlamentaris com membres de l'anterior govern català que es van refugiar a Bèlgica, Escòcia i Suïssa per no ser detinguts i per continuar la seva acció política des de l’exterior: són ciutadans lliures a tot Europa, perquè arran de la decisió d’un tribunal alemany en el cas de Puigdemont, l’autoritat judicial espanyola va retirar totes les euroordres d’arrest en contra d’ells. Més enllà de les anomalies tècniques dels procediments judicials (destacades per diversos observadors internacionals), és evident el què està passant: s’està discutint als tribunals una qüestió eminentment política, que mai no hauria d’haver sortit del camp de la política. Es criminalitza tota una classe política, la responsabilitat de la qual és haver intentat obligar les institucion espanyoles, tancades radicalment al diàleg, a obrir-se. S'oblida que més de dos milions de ciutadans catalans han estat demanant des de fa anys, d'una manera correcta i pacífica, poder-se expressar lliurement i democràticament sobre quina hauria de ser l'estructura de les relacions entre Espanya i Catalunya. Només des d’una posició de nacionalisme intransigent es pot mantenir que la qüestió de la independència de Catalunya sigui un tema sobre el qual ni tan sols es pot obrir el debat democràtic; només des d’una posició il·liberal es pot considerar preferible la limitació dels drets fonamentals civils i polítics. El silenci d’Europa, que liquida l’afer com una qüestió interna a Espanya, és deplorable i perillós. És un signe de debilitat de les institucions europees, no de força, i contribueix a la radicalització del conflicte, no a la seva resolució. Si la UE accepta la criminalització de la protesta pacífica i de la desobediència civil en un país membre de la rellevància d'Espanya, els que son amenaçats son els drets de tots els demòcrates, no només dels catalans, sinó dels espanyols i dels europeus. I aquest silenci és fins i tot vergonyós quan el Parlament Europeu prohibeix als polítics catalans refugiats a l’estranger participar en una conferència organitzada a les seves instal·lacions tot permetent, gairebé simultàniament, un debat anti-catalanista promogut per Vox, un partit espanyol d’extrema dreta, obertament i programàticament homòfob, masclista, xenòfob. És preocupant també l'escassa atenció d’una part de la premsa, l'opinió i els intel·lectuals del nostre país envers aquesta qüestió. En l’escenari descrit, creiem, al contrari, que és totalment necessari el compromís i el control vigilant de tots aquells que es preocupen per la protecció dels drets, els valors democràtics i els principis consagrats en els propis tractats de la UE. Demanem, com a ciutadans europeus, l'alliberament dels presos catalans, el retorn a una situació de normalitat democràtica i l’obertura d’un diàleg polític sobre la qüestió, l’únic camí que pot conduir a una solució coherent amb els valors de la democràcia. El destí de Catalunya és el nostre destí i el destí de tot Europa. [traducció al català: Marco Giralucci - Isabel Turull] Maurizio Acerbo, segretario nazionale PRC-Sinistra Europea, Roma Luigi Agostini, saggista, Roma Matteo Angioli, Partito Radicale, Roma Vando Borghi, Università di Bologna Bojan Brezigar, giornalista, Trieste Luca Cassiani, Consigliere PD Regione Piemonte, Torino Luciano Caveri, giornalista e politico, Aosta Lluís Cabasés, giornalista, Alba Massimo Cacciari, filosofo, Venezia Duccio Campagnoli, ex Assessore Emilia-Romagna, Bologna Elisa Castellano, Fondazione Di Vittorio, Roma Pietro Cataldi, Rettore dell’Università per stranieri di Siena Nancy de Benedetto, Presidente Associazione italiana di studi catalani, Università di Bari Luigi de Magistris, sindaco di Napoli Piero Di Siena, giornalista, Roma Fausto Durante, Resp. politiche internazionali ed europee Cgil, Roma Paolo Ferrero, vice presidente del Partito della Sinistra Europea, Torino Gennaro Ferraiuolo, Università di Napoli Federico II Luigi Foffani, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia Eleonora Forenza, Parlamentare europea GUE/Ngl, Rifondazione comunista, Bari Laura Harth, Rappresentante alle Nazioni Unite del Partito Radicale, Roma Rafael Hidalgo, insegnante, Ràdio Catalunya Itàlia, Roma Andrea Maestri, Avvocato per i diritti umani, Ravenna Fabio Marcelli, ISGI CNR, Associazione giuristi democratici, Roma Maria Grazia Meriggi, Università di Bergamo Sandro Mezzadra, Università di Bologna Cesare Minghini, sindacalista CGIL, Bologna Tomaso Montanari, Università di Siena, Firenze Simone Oggionni, Responsabile Forum Europa MDP-Articolo 1, Roma Fiorella Prodi, segreteria regionale Cgil Emilia-Romagna, Modena Roberto Rampi, senatore PD, Vimercate (MB) Patrizio Rigobon, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia Simonetta Rubinato, avvocato, ex senatrice e deputata, Treviso Emilio Santoro, Università di Firenze, Centro di documentazione “L’altro diritto” Rossella Selmini, Università del Minnesota, Minneapolis-Bologna Barbara Spinelli, giornalista e Parlamentare europea GUE/Ngl, Roma Massimo Torelli, coordinatore nazionale di Altra Europa Con Tsipras, Firenze Gianni Vernetti, ex senatore e sottosegretario agli Affari esteri, Torino Walter Vitali, Direttore esecutivo Urban@it – Centro nazionale studi politiche urbane, Bologna Cristina Accardi, studentessa, Salemi (TP) Carla Acocella, Università Suor Orsola Benincasa di Napoli Ivana Aiello, avvocato, Avellino Rosalba Altopiedi, Università del Piemonte Orientale Anna Amat, CNR Perugia Umberto Amato, IMM CNR Napoli Luciana Ambrosino, copywriter, Napoli Giso Amendola, Università di Salerno Virginia Amorosi, avvocato, Lecce. Daniele Amoroso, Università di Cagliari Giorgio Andreoli, psicologo, Milano Simona Anichini, traduttrice, Firenze Sara Antoniazzi, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia Francesco Ardolino, Universitat de Barcelona Gennaro Avallone, Università di Salerno Edoardo Balletta, Università di Bologna. Danilo Barbi, sindacalista Cgil, Bologna Giuliano Barbolini, ex senatore PD, Modena Albert Barreda, pittore, Savona Ursula Bedogni, traduttrice, Barcelona Marzia Bertazzoni, impiegata, Parma Gabriele Bettelli, responsabile MDP, Modena Imma Boixadós, agente immobiliare, Bra (CN) Mirka Bonomi, pensionata, Ostia (Roma) Enric Bou, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia Mario Bravi, presidente IRES Umbria, Terni Stefania Buosi Moncunill, insegnante, Trieste Rosa Maria Caballé, dipendente pubblico, Bologna Marco Calaresu, Università di Sassari Domenico Caminiti, ingegnere, Torino Stefano Campus, funzionario amministrativo, Presidente Òmnium Cultural de L'Alguer Fulvio Capitanio, economista, Aiguafreda (Barcellona) Flora Cappelluti, giornalista, Milano Lìdia Carol, Università di Verona Maria Carreras Goicochea, Università di Catania Imma Caruso, Napoli, ISSM-CNR Sergio Caserta, attivista e blogger, Bologna Giovanni Castagno, insegnante, Roma Giovanni C. Cattini, Università di Barcellona Ivan Cecchini, dirigente pubblico, Bellaria-Igea Marina Giulio Ceci, libero professionista, Roma Giovanni Cherubini, ingegnere, Gilching (Germania) Federico Chicchi, Università di Bologna Claudia Ciavatta, dipendente pubblico, Roma Adriano Cirulli, Università La Sapienza di Roma Elena Coccia, Napoli, consigliere comunale Napoli, Sinistra in comune Maria Teresa Colarossi, insegnante, Tivoli (Roma) Gemma Teresa Colesanti, ISEM CNR Napoli Maria Cristina Coliva, pensionata, Bologna Mauro Colombarini, sindacalista Spi-CGIL, Bologna Anna Maria Compagna, Università di Napoli Federico II Michele Conia, Sindaco di Cinquefrondi (RC) Roberto Cornelli, Università di Milano Bicocca Giacomo Comincini, studente, Pavia Enrico Curti, imprenditore, Riomaggiore (SP) Salvatore D'Acunto, Seconda Università di Napoli. Ettore D’Agostino, insegnante, Torino Francesco D’Agresta, coordinatore provinciale MDP Pescara Patrizia D'Antonio, insegnante, Roma Elisa D’Ugo, studentessa, Roma Pasquale D'Ugo, agente di commercio, Roma Gaspare Dalia, Università di Salerno Full Article
de La Catalogna, l’Europa, la democrazia By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Wed, 20 Mar 2019 20:30:00 +0100 Un manifesto per chiedere la libertà dei prigionieri politici catalani e il ritorno alla normalità democratica in Spagna sta raccogliendo centinaia di adesioni. Promosso da una quarantina di intellettuali e politici italiani, è stato pubblicato dal sito internet Left.it A Madrid, nel cuore dell’Europa occidentale, dodici esponenti della politica e della società civile catalana sono in questi giorni sotto processo. Nove di essi si trovano in regime di detenzione preventiva, in molti casi da ben oltre un anno. I capi di imputazione sono gravissimi, con richieste di pena da parte della pubblica accusa che arrivano sino a 25 anni. Tra i reati contestati vi è la “ribellione”: si tratta della figura criminosa utilizzata per chi, nel 1981, entrò con le armi in parlamento e portò in strada i carri armati. Il codice penale spagnolo, in effetti, richiede, nella tipizzazione del reato, l'elemento della "rivolta violenta". L’unica violenza finora certa, per le innumerevoli immagini che la mostrano e che hanno fatto il giro del mondo, è però quella messa in atto dalle forze dell'ordine spagnole: che partono da ogni angolo del Paese per la Catalogna al grido minaccioso di "a por ellos!" (“a prenderli!”; “dategli addosso!”); che picchiano votanti e manifestanti – anche non indipendentisti – intenti a resistere pacificamente, con le braccia alzate, in difesa dei seggi; che sparano proiettili di gomma sui cittadini, nonostante il loro utilizzo sia vietato in Catalogna. Ma la vicenda giudiziaria non si esaurisce a Madrid, innanzi al Tribunal Supremo. Altri imputati verranno giudicati (per disobbedienza e ulteriori reati) da Tribunali in Catalogna; centinaia i sindaci, gli attivisti sociali, gli artisti indagati (e in alcuni casi condannati) per aver contribuito in qualche modo alla preparazione del referendum o per aver semplicemente manifestato le loro idee (eloquente, in tal senso, l’Amnesty International Report 2017/18, pp. 339-341). Vi sono, poi, i sette politici, sia parlamentari che componenti del precedente governo catalano rifugiatisi in Belgio, Scozia e Svizzera per sfuggire all’arresto e continuare a condurre la propria azione politica dall’estero. Sono liberi cittadini in tutta Europa, visto che, anche a seguito della decisione del tribunale tedesco nel caso Puigdemont, l’autorità giudiziaria spagnola ha ritirato tutti gli ordini d’arresto europeo a loro carico. Al di là delle anomalie tecniche dei procedimenti giudiziari (evidenziate da diversi osservatori internazionali), è evidente ciò che sta accadendo: si discute, nelle aule dei tribunali, di una questione eminentemente politica, che dal campo della politica non sarebbe mai dovuta uscire. Si criminalizza un’intera classe politica, la cui responsabilità è quella di aver cercato di smuovere le istituzioni spagnole da posizioni di radicale chiusura al dialogo. Si dimentica che oltre due milioni di cittadini catalani chiedono da anni, in maniera civile e pacifica, di potersi esprimere liberamente e democraticamente sull’assetto della relazione tra la Spagna e la Catalogna. Solo da una posizione di intransigente nazionalismo si può continuare a ritenere la questione dell’indipendenza catalana un tema su cui non può neanche essere aperta una discussione democratica; solo da una posizione illiberale si può ritenere preferibile a quella prospettiva la compressione di fondamentali diritti civili e politici. Il silenzio dell’Europa, che liquida la vicenda come affare interno alla Spagna, è deprecabile e pericoloso. Si tratta di un segno di debolezza delle istituzioni europee, non di forza, e contribuisce alla radicalizzazione del conflitto anziché alla sua risoluzione. Se la UE accetta la criminalizzazione della protesta pacifica e della disobbedienza civile in un Paese membro della rilevanza della Spagna, ad essere minacciati sono i diritti democratici non solo dei catalani, ma degli spagnoli e degli europei tutti. E quel silenzio diviene imbarazzante allorquando il Parlamento europeo vieta ai politici catalani rifugiati all’estero di partecipare ad una conferenza organizzata nei suoi locali mentre consente, quasi contestualmente, un dibattito anti-catalanista promosso dal partito spagnolo di estrema destra Vox, dichiaratamente e programmaticamente omofobo, maschilista, xenofobo. Preoccupa anche la scarsa attenzione di parte della stampa, dell’opinione e degli intellettuali del nostro Paese. Nello scenario descritto, crediamo invece siano necessari l’impegno e il controllo vigile di tutti coloro che hanno a cuore la protezione dei diritti, dei valori democratici e dei principi sanciti dagli stessi Trattati UE. Chiediamo, come cittadini europei, la scarcerazione dei prigionieri catalani, il ritorno ad una situazione di normalità democratica e l’apertura di un dialogo politico sulla questione, unica strada che possa condurre ad una risoluzione della stessa coerente con i valori della democrazia. Il destino della Catalogna è anche il nostro destino, e il destino dell’Europa intera. PRIMI FIRMATARI Maurizio Acerbo, segretario nazionale PRC-Sinistra Europea, Roma Luigi Agostini, saggista, Roma Matteo Angioli, Partito Radicale, Roma Vando Borghi, Università di Bologna Bojan Brezigar, giornalista, Trieste Luca Cassiani, Consigliere PD Regione Piemonte, Torino Luciano Caveri, giornalista e politico, Aosta Lluís Cabasés, giornalista, Alba Massimo Cacciari, filosofo, Venezia Duccio Campagnoli, ex Assessore Emilia-Romagna, Bologna Elisa Castellano, Fondazione Di Vittorio, Roma Pietro Cataldi, Rettore dell’Università per stranieri di Siena Nancy de Benedetto, Presidente Associazione italiana di studi catalani, Università di Bari Luigi de Magistris, sindaco di Napoli Piero Di Siena, giornalista, Roma Fausto Durante, Resp. politiche internazionali ed europee Cgil, Roma Paolo Ferrero, vice presidente del Partito della Sinistra Europea, Torino Gennaro Ferraiuolo, Università di Napoli Federico II Luigi Foffani, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia Eleonora Forenza, Parlamentare europea GUE/Ngl, Rifondazione comunista, Bari Laura Harth, Rappresentante alle Nazioni Unite del Partito Radicale, Roma Rafael Hidalgo, insegnante, Ràdio Catalunya Itàlia, Roma Andrea Maestri, Avvocato per i diritti umani, Ravenna Fabio Marcelli, ISGI CNR, Associazione giuristi democratici, Roma Maria Grazia Meriggi, Università di Bergamo Sandro Mezzadra, Università di Bologna Cesare Minghini, sindacalista CGIL, Bologna Tomaso Montanari, Università di Siena, Firenze Simone Oggionni, Responsabile Forum Europa MDP-Articolo 1, Roma Fiorella Prodi, segreteria regionale Cgil Emilia-Romagna, Modena Roberto Rampi, senatore PD, Vimercate (MB) Patrizio Rigobon, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia Simonetta Rubinato, avvocato, ex senatrice e deputata, Treviso Emilio Santoro, Università di Firenze, Centro di documentazione “L’altro diritto” Rossella Selmini, Università del Minnesota, Minneapolis-Bologna Barbara Spinelli, giornalista e Parlamentare europea GUE/Ngl, Roma Massimo Torelli, coordinatore nazionale di Altra Europa Con Tsipras, Firenze Gianni Vernetti, ex senatore e sottosegretario agli Affari esteri, Torino Walter Vitali, Direttore esecutivo Urban@it – Centro nazionale studi politiche urbane, Bologna SOTTOSCRIVONO: Cristina Accardi, studentessa, Salemi (TP) Carla Acocella, Università Suor Orsola Benincasa di Napoli Ivana Aiello, avvocato, Avellino Rosalba Altopiedi, Università del Piemonte Orientale Anna Amat, CNR Perugia Umberto Amato, IMM CNR Napoli Luciana Ambrosino, copywriter, Napoli Giso Amendola, Università di Salerno Virginia Amorosi, avvocato, Lecce. Daniele Amoroso, Università di Cagliari Giorgio Andreoli, psicologo, Milano Simona Anichini, traduttrice, Firenze Sara Antoniazzi, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia Francesco Ardolino, Universitat de Barcelona Gennaro Avallone, Università di Salerno Edoardo Balletta, Università di Bologna. Danilo Barbi, sindacalista Cgil, Bologna Giuliano Barbolini, ex senatore PD, Modena Albert Barreda, pittore, Savona Ursula Bedogni, traduttrice, Barcelona Marzia Bertazzoni, impiegata, Parma Gabriele Bettelli, responsabile MDP, Modena Imma Boixadós, agente immobiliare, Bra (CN) Mirka Bonomi, pensionata, Ostia (Roma) Enric Bou, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia Mario Bravi, presidente IRES Umbria, Terni Stefania Buosi Moncunill, insegnante, Trieste Rosa Maria Caballé, dipendente pubblico, Bologna Marco Calaresu, Università di Sassari Domenico Caminiti, ingegnere, Torino Stefano Campus, funzionario amministrativo, Presidente Òmnium Cultural de L'Alguer Fulvio Capitanio, economista, Aiguafreda (Barcellona) Flora Cappelluti, giornalista, Milano Lìdia Carol, Università di Verona Maria Carreras Goicochea, Università di Catania Imma Caruso, Napoli, ISSM-CNR Sergio Caserta, attivista e blogger, Bologna Giovanni Castagno, insegnante, Roma Giovanni C. Cattini, Università di Barcellona Ivan Cecchini, dirigente pubblico, Bellaria-Igea Marina Giulio Ceci, libero professionista, Roma Giovanni Cherubini, ingegnere, Gilching (Germania) Federico Chicchi, Università di Bologna Claudia Ciavatta, dipendente pubblico, Roma Adriano Cirulli, Università La Sapienza di Roma Elena Coccia, Napoli, consigliere comunale Napoli, Sinistra in comune Maria Teresa Colarossi, insegnante, Tivoli (Roma) Gemma Teresa Colesanti, ISEM CNR Napoli Maria Cristina Coliva, pensionata, Bologna Mauro Colombarini, sindacalista Spi-CGIL, Bologna Anna Maria Compagna, Università di Napoli Federico II Michele Conia, Sindaco di Cinquefrondi (RC) Roberto Cornelli, Università di Milano Bicocca Giacomo Comincini, studente, Pavia Enrico Curti, imprenditore, Riomaggiore (SP) Salvatore D'Acunto, Seconda Università di Napoli. Ettore D’Agostino, insegnante, Torino Francesco D’Agresta, coordinatore provinciale MDP Pescara Patrizia D'Antonio, insegnante, Roma Elisa D’Ugo, studentessa, Roma Pasquale D'Ugo, agente di commercio, Roma Gaspare Dalia, Università di Salerno Gaetano Full Article
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