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Intelligently responding to hardware failures so as to optimize system performance

A method, system and computer program product for intelligently responding to hardware failures so as to optimize system performance. An administrative server monitors the utilization of the hardware as well as the software components running on the hardware to assess a context of the software components running on the hardware. Upon detecting a hardware failure, the administrative server analyzes the hardware failure to determine the type of hardware failure and analyzes the properties of the workload running on the failed hardware. The administrative server then responds to the detected hardware failure based on various factors, including the type of the hardware failure, the properties of the workload running on the failed hardware and the context of the software running on the failed hardware. In this manner, by taking into consideration such factors in responding to the detected hardware failure, a more intelligent response is provided that optimizes system performance.




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Method and apparatus for output of high-bandwidth debug data/traces in ICS and SoCs using embedded high speed debug

Methods and apparatus for output of high-bandwidth debug data/traces in electronic devices using embedded high-speed debug port(s). Debug data is received from multiple blocks and buffered in a buffer. The buffer's output is operatively coupled to one or more high-speed serial I/O interfaces via muxing logic during debug test operations. The buffered data is encoded as serialized data and sent over the one or more high-speed serial I/O interfaces to a logic device that receives serialized data and de-serializes it to generate parallel debug data that is provided to a debugger. The buffer may be configured as a bandwidth-adapting buffer that facilitates transfer of debug data that is received at a variable combined data rate outbound via the one or more high-speed serial I/O interfaces at a data rate corresponding to the bandwidth of the serial I/O interfaces.




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Method and device for detecting logic interface incompatibilities of equipment items of on-board systems

The invention in particular has as an object detecting incompatibility between equipment items of a on-board system. A logic interface associated with one equipment item comprises at least one input while a logic interface associated with another equipment item comprises at least one output. The input and the output are connected. After a minimal data definition level associated with the input and a data definition level associated with the output have been obtained (505), the said minimal data definition level associated with the input is compared (515) with the said data definition level associated with the output. Following this comparison, if the said minimal data definition level associated with the input is lower than the said data definition level associated with the output, an alarm indicating an incompatibility of these two equipment items is generated (545).




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User-coordinated resource recovery

A computing system resource recovery method can include identifying a resource manager associated with a computing transaction, classifying the computing transaction to determine a predetermined metric, measuring an actual metric of the computing transaction, comparing the predetermined metric to the actual metric to detect abnormal behavior in the transaction and modeling the abnormal behavior to determine how the resource manager is affected by the abnormal behavior.




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Introspection of software program components and conditional generation of memory dump

An approach for introspection of a software component and generation of a conditional memory dump, a computing device executing an introspection program with respect to the software component is provided. An introspection system comprises one or more conditions for generating the conditional memory dump based on operations of the software component. In one aspect, a computing device detects, through an introspection program, whether the one or more conditions are satisfied by the software component based on information in an introspection analyzer of the introspection program. In addition, the computing device indicates, through the introspection program, if the one or more conditions are satisfied by the software component. In another aspect, responsive to the indication, the computing device generates the conditional memory dump through the introspection program.




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Avoiding processing flaws in a computer processor triggered by a predetermined sequence of hardware events

A system, method and computer program product for avoiding a processing flaw in a computer processor triggered by a predetermined sequence of hardware events. The system may include a detecting unit and a power-on reset unit. The detecting unit detects that the predetermined sequence of hardware events is going to occur at the computer processor. The power-on reset unit initializes the computer processor to a state stored in computer memory in response to detecting the sequence of hardware events.




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Securing crash dump files

In a computer storage system, crash dump files are secured without power fencing in a cluster of a plurality of nodes connected to a storage system. Upon an occurrence of a panic of a crashing node and prior to receiving a panic message of the crashing node by a surviving node loading, in the cluster, a capturing node to become active, prior to a totem token being declared lost by the surviving node, for capturing the crash dump files of the crashing node, while manipulating the surviving node to continue to operate under the assumption the power fencing was performed on the crashing node.




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Preventing disturbance induced failure in a computer system

A method to prevent failure on a server computer due to internally and/or externally induced shock and/or vibration. The method includes acquiring, by at least one sensor, analog acceleration data of components in a server computer. The data is then converted to digital format and stored within a motor drive assembly processor memory unit. The processor analyzes the stored data for existence of machine degradation. In response to detecting the existence of machine degradation, the motor drive assembly processor initiates remediation procedures. The remediation procedures include controlling rotating speed of moving devices or performing a complete system shut down.




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Banking of reliability metrics

In one embodiment, a processor includes at least one functional block and banking logic. The banking logic may be to determine an average reliability metric associated with the at least one functional block. The banking logic may also be to, if the average reliability metric exceeds a required level, implement a reduced reliability mode in the at least one functional block, where the reduced reliability mode is associated with a reduction in the average reliability metric. Other embodiments are described and claimed.




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Data store capable of efficient storing of keys

Embodiments relate to a computer implemented information processing system, method and program product for data access. The information processing system includes a data store having a top tier store and at least another tier store with the top tier store including a counter for each entry of a symbol and another tier store including a representative frequency value defined for the another tier store. A sorter is also provided configured to sort the symbol in the top tier store and the another tier stores according to a value generated in the counter for the assessed symbol. The said sorter is also configured to restore entry of the symbol in the top tier store, in response to a symbol having moved from said top tier store to another tier store, by using the representative frequency value defined for said another store to which said symbol was moved.




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Memories and methods for performing column repair

Memory devices adapted to repair single unprogrammable cells during a program operation, and to repair columns containing unprogrammable cells during a subsequent erase operation. Programming of such memory devices includes determining that a single cell is unprogrammable and repairing the single cell, and repairing a column containing the single cell responsive to a subsequent erase operation.




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Double data rate memory physical interface high speed testing using self checking loopback

A double data rate memory physical interface having self checking loopback logic on-chip is disclosed. Disposed on the chip is a first linear feedback shift register, which is capable of generating a set of test data values that comprise at least two data bits. Also disposed on the chip is a second linear feedback shift register. The second linear feedback shift register is capable of generating a set of expected data values that match the test data values. Further, an internal loopback error check element is disposed on the chip. The internal loopback error check element is used to compare the set of expected data values with the set of test data values.




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Apparatus and method for testing a memory

An apparatus is equipped with a storage device including an error correction circuit. The apparatus performs a test of the storage device according to a predetermined testing procedure, and records a time-point at which error correction of the storage device has been performed by the error correction circuit during performance of the test. The apparatus determines, with predetermined accuracy, a first position within the storage device on which the error correction has been performed, based on a test speed at which the test is performed, a time-period from the time-point to current time, and a second position within the storage device on which the test is being performed at the current time. Then, the apparatus performs the test predetermined times on a range included in the storage device and including the first position, according to a testing procedure that has been used at the time-point.




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I/O linking, TAP selection and multiplexer remove select control circuitry

Today many instances of IEEE 1149.1 Tap domains are included in integrated circuits (ICs). While all TAP domains may be serially connected on a scan path that is accessible external to the IC, it is generally preferred to have selectivity on which Tap domain or Tap domains are accessed. Therefore Tap domain selection circuitry may be included in ICs and placed in the scan path along with the Tap domains. Ideally, the Tap domain selection circuitry should only be present in the scan path when it is necessary to modify which Tap domains are selected in the scan path. The present disclosure describes a novel method and apparatus which allows the Tap domain selection circuitry to be removed from the scan path after it has been used to select Tap domains and to be replaced back into the scan path when it is necessary to select different Tap domains.




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Functional fabric based test wrapper for circuit testing of IP blocks

A Test Wrapper and associated Test Access Mechanism (TAM) architecture for facilitating testing of IP blocks integrated on a System on a Chip (SoC). The TAM architecture includes a Test Controller and one or more Test Wrappers that are integrated on the SoC proximate to IP blocks. Test data and commands corresponding to input from an external tester are packaged by the Test Controller and sent to one or more Test Wrappers via an interconnect fabric. The Test Wrappers interface with one or more IP test ports to provide test data, control, and/or stimulus signals to the IP blocks to facilitate circuit-level testing of the IP blocks. Test results for the circuit-level tests are returned to the Test Controller via the fabric. Test Wrappers may be configured to pass through interconnect signals, enabling functional testing of IP blocks to be facilitated via test packages and test results transmitted between the Test Controller and the IP blocks via the fabric. Test wrappers may also be configured to test multiple IP blocks comprising a test partition.




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Method for efficient control signaling of two codeword to one codeword transmission

In a wireless communication system, a compact control signaling scheme is provided for signaling the selected retransmission mode and codeword identifier for a codeword retransmission when one of a plurality of codewords being transmitted over two codeword pipes to a receiver fails the transmission and when the base station/transmitter switches from a higher order channel rank to a lower order channel rank, either by including one or more additional signaling bits in the control signal to identify the retransmitted codeword, or by re-using existing control signal information in a way that can be recognized by the subscriber station/receiver to identify the retransmitted codeword. With the compact control signal, the receiver is able to determine which codeword is being retransmitted and to determine the corresponding time-frequency resource allocation for the retransmitted codeword.




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Method and system for up-link HARQ-ACK and CSI transmission

A method and user equipment for simultaneous transmission of a first set of information bits and a second set of information bits by a user equipment, either separately encoded utilizing transmit power or rate matching to increase successful decoding of a set of information bits, or jointly encoding using a priori knowledge or bit positioning to increase successful decoding. Also, the use of joint coding where a first set of information bits is encoded first and then encoded with a second set of information bits, and modulation symbol mapping are provided.




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Using ECC data for write deduplication processing

Method and apparatus for managing data in a memory. In accordance with some embodiments, a first data object and an associated first ECC data set are generated and stored in a non-volatile (NV) main memory responsive to a first set of data blocks having a selected logical address. A second data object and an associated second ECC data set are generated responsive to receipt of a second set of data blocks having the selected logical address. The second data object and the second ECC data set are subsequently stored in the in the NV main memory responsive to a mismatch between the first ECC data set and the second ECC data set.




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Distributed ECC engine for storage media

Embodiments of the present invention relate to an apparatus, method, and/or sequence for a distributed ECC that may be used in a storage system. In another embodiment of the invention, an apparatus for handling distributed error correction code (ECC) operations, includes: a plurality of ECC engines configured to perform ECC operations in parallel on multiple data parts; the plurality of ECC engines distributed in parallel to receive some of the multiple data parts that are read from storage media devices and to receive some of the other multiple data parts that are to be written to the storage media devices; and the plurality of ECC engines configured to use respective ECC bytes corresponding to respective ones of the multiple data parts.




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Method for transmitting data from an infrastructure of a radio communication network to user devices, and devices for implementing the method

Within a radio communication network infrastructure transmitting data organized into a sequence of symbols to a receiving device over a plurality of radio links, data to be transmitted is encoded according to an error correction coding scheme in order to produce a set of systematic symbols and a set of corresponding redundancy symbols; the systematic symbols and a first subset of the corresponding redundancy symbols are transmitted, over a first radio link among said plurality of radio links, in broadcast mode, and a second subset of the corresponding redundancy symbols, distinct from the first one, is transmitted over a second radio link among said plurality of radio links.




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Techniques for reusing components of a logical operations functional block as an error correction code correction unit

A logical operations functional block for an execution unit of a processor includes a first input data link for a first operand and a second input data link for a second operand. The execution unit includes a register connected to an error correction code detection unit. The logical operations functional block includes a look-up table configured to receive an error correction code syndrome from the error correction code detection unit. The logical operations functional block also includes a multiplexer configured to receive an output signal from the look-up table at a first input and the first operand at a second input, wherein an output of the multiplexer is coupled to the first input data link of a logical functional unit.




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Parity error recovery method for string search CAM

Data is compressed using content addressable memory without disruption despite error using a plurality of content addressable memories to detect sequentially repeating data elements of the data. Compression information is generated for each sequence of repeating data elements that repeat for at least a compression threshold without any one of the plurality of content addressable memories generating an indication of an error for a matching content addressable memory entry. Individual data elements are output for each of the data elements that do not repeat for the compression threshold. Compression information is generated for each sequence of repeating data elements that repeat for at least the compression threshold and then generating a currently searched data element that matches the repeating data elements when any one of the plurality of content addressable memories generates an indication of an error for a content addressable memory entry that matches the currently searched data element.




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Memory controller and operating method of memory controller

A method of operating a memory controller to control a memory device includes reading a read vector from the memory device and correcting one or more errors in the read vector, where a power consumed at the correcting is varied according to the number of errors in the read vector.




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Detecting effect of corrupting event on preloaded data in non-volatile memory

A method includes determining a read threshold voltage corresponding to a group of storage elements in a non-volatile memory that includes a three-dimensional (3D) memory of a data storage device. The method also includes determining an error metric corresponding to data read from the group of storage elements using the read threshold voltage. The method includes comparing the read threshold voltage and the error metric to one or more criteria corresponding to a corrupting event.




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Method and system for in-place updating content stored in a storage device

Methods and systems for in-place updating original content stored in a non-volatile storage device and for yielding updated content. Some of the described embodiments illustrate the possibilities for reduction in storage operations, storage blocks, and/or update package size. Some of the described embodiments include the writing of error recovery result(s) such as XOR result(s) which enable the recovery of data in case of an interruption of the update process. In some of the described embodiments, there is re-usage of a protection buffer containing content which is required in the update process.




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Reconstructing codewords using a side channel

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe device, methods, computer-readable media and system configurations for decoding codewords using a side channel. In various embodiments, a memory controller may be configured to determine that m of n die of non-volatile memory (“NVM”) have failed iterative decoding. In various embodiments, the memory controller may be further configured to generate a side channel from n-m non-failed die and the m failed die other than a first failed die. In various embodiments, the memory controller may be further configured to reconstruct, using iterative decoding, a codeword stored on the first failed die of the m failed die based on the generated side channel and on soft input to an attempt to iteratively decode data stored on the first failed die. In various embodiments, the iterative decoding may include low-density parity-check decoding. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.




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Packet transmission/reception apparatus and method using forward error correction scheme

A packet transmission/reception apparatus and method is provided. The packet transmission method of the present invention includes acquiring a source payload including partial source symbols from a source block, generating a source packet including the source payload and an identifier (ID) of the source payload, generating a repair packet including a repair payload corresponding to the source payload and an ID of the repair payload, generating a Forward Error Correction (FEC) packet block including the source and repair packets, and transmitting the FEC packet block. The source payload ID includes a source payload sequence number incrementing by 1 per source packet. The packet transmission/reception method of the present invention is advantageous in improving error correction capability and network resource utilization efficiency.




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Error protection for integrated circuits

A method for providing error detection and/or correction to an array of storage cells includes determining a sensitive direction and an insensitive direction of the storage cells and adding a first error control mechanism to the array of storage cells in the insensitive direction. The method also includes adding a second error control mechanism to the array of storage cells in the sensitive direction. The second error control mechanism has a higher Hamming distance than the first error control mechanism.




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Method and apparatus for error-correction in and processing of GFP-T superblocks

The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for processing and error correction of a GFP-T superblock, where the 64 bytes of payload data of a first superblock are buffered in the first page of a two-page buffer. The flag byte is buffered in a separate buffer, and a CRC operation is performed in a separate logic element. The result of the CRC operation is checked against a single syndrome table which may indicate single- or multi-bit errors. As the payload data of the first superblock is processed and read out of the first page of the two-page buffer, the payload data of a second superblock is written into the second page of the two-page buffer to be processed and corrected.




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Method and apparatus for decoding and checking tail-biting convolutional code

A method for decoding and checking a tail-biting convolutional code is provided. The method fully utilizes structural features of the tail-biting convolutional code to re-sort Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) values input into a decoder, and by reconstructing a derivative generator polynomial of a convolutional code, allows the decoder to output in serial according to a normal ordering of information bits during backtracking, that is, a first bit of an information sequence is first decoded successfully. Thus, CRC checking may be activated as soon as possible, so that part of the backtracking process and the CRC checking may be performed in parallel, thereby achieving the objective of reducing a processing time delay in decoding and checking the tail-biting convolutional code.




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Apparatus for transmitting and receiving a signal and method of transmitting and receiving a signal

A method is provided for receiving a signal. The method includes receiving a signal transmitted in a radio frequency (RF) band including at least one RF channel, demodulating the received signal, parsing a preamble of a signal frame including layer-1 information from the demodulated signal, deinterleaving bits of the layer-1 information, decoding the deinterleaved bits using an error correction decoding scheme including a shortening scheme and a puncturing scheme and obtaining physical layer pipes (PLPs) from the signal frame using the error-correction-decoded layer-1 information.




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Identifying a storage error of a data slice

A method begins by a processing module obtaining common storage name information regarding data that is stored in storage units of a distributed storage network (DSN) as a set of data slices. Each data slice of the set of data slices has a unique storage name, where each of the unique storage names for the set of data slices has common naming information regarding the data. The method continues where the processing module interprets the common storage name information to determine whether a difference exists between the common naming information of a data slice of the set of data slices and the common naming information of other data slices of the set of data slices. When the difference exists, the method continues where the processing module indicates a potential storage error of the data slice and implements a storage error process regarding the potential storage error of the data slice.




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Method and apparatus for detecting a parity error in a sequence of DQPSK symbols of a digital transmission system

The present disclosure relates to a method for detecting a parity error in a sequence of DQPSK symbols of a digital transmission system, comprising determining a first demodulated symbol r1; determining a second demodulated symbol r2; determining a first parity symbol p1; determining a second parity symbol p2; determining a super-parity symbol q1; and detecting a parity error in the sequence of DQPSK symbols by comparing a combination of the first parity symbol p1 and the second parity symbol p2 against the super-parity symbol q1, wherein a parity between two DQPSK symbols describes a phase difference between the two DQPSK symbols.




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Transmission controlling method, sender apparatus and receiver apparatus for wireless communication system

A wireless communication system including a sender apparatus having a plurality of transmitting antennas that performs MIMO transmission of a plurality of data blocks; and a receiver apparatus that receives the plurality of data blocks. The sender apparatus transmits a process number via a control channel different from a data channel to the receiver apparatus, and wherein when the MIMO diversity transmission is performed, the receiver apparatus performs HARQ processing in the received data blocks based on not a process number which prevents the data blocks from competing but the received process number from the sender apparatus.




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Computer and data saving method

It is provided a computer comprising a nonvolatile memory for storing data, a control processor for controlling the saving of data into the nonvolatile memory, and a battery for supplying power to the computer in case of a failure of an external power supply, wherein the control processor checks a charge amount stored in the battery, calculates an amount of data which can be saved in the nonvolatile memory by the battery in case of a failure of the external power supply based on the checked charge amount, and saves data excluding the amount of data that can be saved, out of data which should be saved into the nonvolatile memory, into the nonvolatile memory in advance.




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Nonvolatile memory device and bad area managing method thereof

Example embodiments relate to a bad area managing method of a nonvolatile memory device. The nonvolatile memory device may include a plurality of memory blocks and each block may contain memory layers stacked on a substrate. According to example embodiments, a method includes accessing one of the memory blocks, judging whether the accessed memory block includes at least one memory layer containing a bad memory cell. If a bad memory cell is detected, the method may further include configuring the memory device to treat the at least one memory layer of the accessed memory block as a bad area.




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Apparatus and methods for providing data integrity

The present disclosure includes apparatus (e.g., computing systems, memory systems, controllers, etc.) and methods for providing data integrity. One or more methods can include, for example: receiving a number of sectors of data to be written to a number of memory devices; appending first metadata corresponding to the number of sectors and including first integrity data to the number of sectors, the first metadata has a particular format; generating second integrity data to be provided in second metadata, the second integrity data corresponding to at least one of the number of sectors (wherein the second metadata has a second format); and generating third integrity data to be provided in the second metadata, the third integrity data including error data corresponding to the second integrity data and the at least one of the number of sectors.




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Method for the degradation of pollutants in water and/or soil

The present invention relates to a method for the degradation of pollutants in water and/or soil. More specific, the present invention relates to a method for the on-site decontamination or re-mediation of water and/or soil which are contaminated with organic compounds. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for forming a barrier against the spreading of a contamination with pollutants within the water and/or soil, especially within groundwater (aquifer). Further, the invention relates to means for use in these methods, and to the production of such means.




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Method and facility for treating carbonaceous radioactive waste

The invention relates to the treatment of carbonaceous radioactive waste, comprising the delivery of waste to one or more radioactive isotope separation stations isotopes, said isotopes being among at least carbon 14, chlorine 36, and tritium. Advantageously, the delivery to each of the stations occurs in wet form, with water being a common medium for conveying the waste to each of the separation stations.




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Hypodermic needle containment system

Containment systems and methods safely and permanently encapsulate a sharp portion of a sharp medical instrument (e.g. a hypodermic needle). The containment system includes a cap or other container formed of a durable and flexible material having a rim defining an open end configured to receive a sharp portion therein, an interior surface, wherein at least a portion of the interior surface comprises a puncturing element, and a bladder contained within the cap proximate the puncturing element, the bladder containing a first component of a liquid hardenable solution. Opposing sides of the cap can be deformed under external pressure to cause the puncturing element to puncture the bladder so as to release the first component of the liquid hardenable solution from the bladder such that the first component contacts the sharp portion and the sharp portion is substantially permanently retained inside the cap by the liquid hardenable solution.




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Hypodermic needle containment system

Containment systems and methods safely and permanently encapsulate a sharp portion of a sharp medical instrument (e.g. a hypodermic needle). The containment system includes a cap or other container formed of a durable and flexible material and having a rim defining an open end configured to receive the sharp portion therein and an adhesive disposed on an interior surface of the container. The method of use includes inserting the sharp medical instrument into the container, and compressing the sides of the container to permanently encapsulate the sharp portion of the medical instrument within the adhesive. The adhesive may be an adhesive tape and may be protected before use by a covering, which may be removed at the time of use by pulling a pull tab extending from an opening in the container.




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Method for managing sulfide in wastewater systems

Certain exemplary embodiments can provide a system, machine, device, manufacture, circuit, composition, and/or user interface adapted for and/or resulting from, and/or a method and/or machine-readable medium comprising machine-implementable instructions for, activities that can comprise and/or relate to, in a treatment zone, reacting an oxygen-comprising gas, one or more selected ferric/ferrous chelates, one or more selected nitrates and/or nitrites, and/or anaerobic wastewater.




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Reduced fossil fuel in an oxidizer downstream of a biomass furnace

Method of extracting syngas between the zone in a furnace where oxygen-starved combustion of biomass occurs and the zone in the furnace where secondary air is added to complete combustion, conditioning and cleaning the extracted syngas, and delivering it in a metered amount to the oxidizer or upstream of the oxidizer to reduce or eliminate the need for additional fossil fuels once the oxidizer has achieved its operating temperature. The gasifier or furnace burns solid waste and produces a syngas containing relatively high levels of CO, which is extracted from the furnace, conditioned, and introduced into an RTO as a fuel source. In certain embodiments, no extraction of syngas from the furnace takes place; the furnace conditions are manipulated so that normally undesirable levels of CO and other VOC's remain in the process stream. The heat from the furnace is used as intended (e.g., to heat a dryer), the stream is conditioned, and ultimately proceeds to a downstream RTO. Since the gas stream remains rich in CO and VOC's, its fuel value in the RTO is substantially higher than otherwise would be the case.




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Process for utilising waste drill cuttings in plastics

An environmentally beneficial process for utilizing waste drill cuttings from oil and gas exploration. The waste drill cuttings (20) are used as a filler and combined with plastic to provide a plastic based product (26) in the plastics industry. In an embodiment the cuttings are thermally treated and formed into pellets. In a further embodiment the cuttings are treated and mixed with recycled plastic to be formed into pellets. The pellets are then used in the manufacture of rigid plastic products such as bollards, planters, benches and decking.




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Mitigation of secondary phase formation during waste vitrification

A method for vitrification of waste to reduce the formation of persistent secondary phases comprising separating at least one glass frit constituent from an initial glass frit to form a modified glass frit. The waste, modified glass frit, and the at least one glass frit constituent are mixed together with the modified glass frit and the at least one glass frit constituent being added as separate components. The resulting mixture is vitrified.




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Method for processing radioactively-contaminated water

The present invention provides an efficient and low cost method for processing radioactively-contaminated water. The method for processing radioactively-contaminated water comprising a freeze concentration step of generating ice having lowered concentration of radioactive substance from radioactive substance containing contaminated water and concentrating the radioactive substances in the residual contaminated water by the interface progressive freeze concentration process. Preferably, the method further comprises a nitrogen substitution step of reducing dissolved oxygen in the contaminated water and adding nitrogen gas to the contaminated water, as a previous step of the freeze concentration step. Preferably, the radioactive substance is radioactive cesium.




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Steam plasma arc hydrolysis of ozone depleting substances

A two step process for the destruction of a precursor material using a steam plasma in a three zone reactor wherein the precursor material is hydrolyzed as a first step in the high temperature zone of the reactor, followed by a second step of medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream in the combustion zone of the reactor where combustion oxygen or air is injected and immediate quenching of the resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products. A related apparatus includes a non transferred direct current steam plasma torch, an externally cooled three zone steam plasma reactor means for introducing the precursor material into the plasma plume of the plasma torch, means for introducing the combustion air or oxygen into the combustion zone, means for exiting the reactant mixture from the reactor and means for quenching the reactant mixture located at the exit end of the reactor.




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Method for removing radioactive cesium, hydrophilic resin composition for removing radioactive cesium, method for removing radioactive iodine and radioactive cesium, and hydrophilic resin composition for removing radioactive iodine and radioactive cesium

The present invention intends to provide a method for removing radioactive cesium, or radioactive iodine and radioactive cesium that is simple and low-cost, further does not require an energy source such as electricity, moreover can take in and stably immobilize the removed radioactive substances within a solid, and can reduce the volume of radioactive waste as necessary, and to provide a hydrophilic resin composition using for the method for removing radioactive cesium, or radioactive iodine and radioactive cesium, and the object of the present invention is achieved by using a hydrophilic resin composition containing: at least one hydrophilic resin selected from the group consisting of a hydrophilic polyurethane resin, a hydrophilic polyurea resin, and a hydrophilic polyurethane-polyurea resin each having at least a hydrophilic segment; and a zeolite dispersed therein in a ratio of at least 1 to 200 mass parts relative to 100 mass parts of the hydrophilic resin.




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Ceramic ingot of spent filter having trapped radioactive cesium and method of preparing the same

A method of preparing a simple ceramic ingot of a spent filter having radioactive cesium trapped therein, and a ceramic ingot of a spent filter having improved properties such as leach resistance, thermal stability, and cesium content are provided. The method includes grinding and mixing a spent filter having cesium trapped therein, adding a solidifying agent, and sintering the spent filter. The method of preparing a ceramic ingot of a spent filter can be useful in preparing the ceramic ingot of the spent filter from only the spent filter by means of simple grinding and sintering, and in preparing the ceramic ingot of the spent filter by adding a small amount of a solidifying agent. The ceramic ingot of the spent filter has a high density and improved thermal stability, and shows improved leach resistance since a leach rate of a radioactive material is remarkably low. Therefore, the spent filter having radioactive cesium trapped therein can be effectively used to prepare a stable ceramic ingot.




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Process and apparatus for the thermal treatment of refinery sludge

A continuous process for the thermal treatment of a refinery sludge, comprising the following operations: a. drying of the refinery sludge, possibly mixed with pet-coke, at a temperature ranging from 110 to 120° C.; b. gasification of the dried sludge, at a temperature ranging from 750 to 950° C., for a time of 30 to 60 minutes, in the presence of a gas containing oxygen and water vapour, with the associated production of synthesis gas (CO+H2) and a solid residue; c. combustion of the synthesis gas at a temperature ranging from 850 to 1,200° C. and recycling of the combustion products for the drying and gasification phases; and d. inertization of the solid residue, at a temperature ranging from 1,300 to 1,500° C., by vitrification with plasma torches.