Certain embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a baseboard management controller (BMC) that includes a PCI express (PCIe) interface controller configured to provide access to a PCIe channel over a PCIe link, and firmware. The firmware includes a PCIe module being configured to access the PCIe channel through the PCIe interface controller and registered as a PCIe function. A software stack of the BMC communicates, through the PCIe module, with a PCIe device over the PCIe channel.

A bridge includes a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express interface supporting at least two lanes, an Extensible Host Controller Interface, and a Universal Serial Bus 3.0 root hub. The Peripheral Component Interconnect Express interface is used for coupling to a host. Each lane of the at least two lanes provides a highest data transmission speed. The Extensible Host Controller Interface is coupled to the Peripheral Component Interconnect Express interface for storing data transmitted by the Peripheral Component Interconnect Express interface. The Universal Serial Bus 3.0 root hub includes a first controller and a second controller. The first controller and the second controller are used for controlling data transmission of four ports, and a highest data transmission speed provided by each port of the four ports is not more than the highest data transmission speed provided by the lane.

A method, apparatus, and system for switching from an existing target end device to a next target end device in a multi-expander storage topology by using Fast Context Switching. The method enhances Fast Context Switching by allowing Fast Context Switching to reuse or extend part of an existing connection path to an end device directly attached to a remote expander. The method can include reusing or extending at least a partial path of an established connection between an initiator and the existing target end device for a connection between the initiator and the next target end device, whereby the existing target end device and the next target end device are locally attached to different expanders.

A detection device for detecting the manner in which a peripheral device is removed from an electronic device is proposed. The detection device can be on the peripheral device or the electronic device and detects whether the peripheral device was removed in a manner that indicates the removal was intentional or unintentional.

Various embodiments include apparatuses, stacked devices and methods of forming dice stacks on an interface die. In one such apparatus, a dice stack includes at least a first die and a second die, and conductive paths coupling the first die and the second die to the common control die. In some embodiments, the conductive paths may be arranged to connect with circuitry on alternating dice of the stack. In other embodiments, a plurality of dice stacks may be arranged on a single interface die, and some or all of the dice may have interleaving conductive paths.

A method for sharing peripheral devices in dual operating systems for an electronic device having at least one peripheral device is provided. The method includes: receiving a setting value for the peripheral device under the first operating system from a user; activating a second operating system; transmitting the setting value to the second operating system; and switching from the first operating system to the second operating system, wherein the second operating system sets the peripheral device with the setting value and enables the electronic device to operate under the second operating system.

Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to determination of physical connectivity status of devices based on electrical measurement. An embodiment of a method includes discovering a connection of a first device with a second device, and performing an electrical measurement of the second device by the first device via the connection between the first device and the second device, where performing the electrical measurement includes sensing by the first device of an element of the second device. The method further includes, if the sensing by the first device fails to detect the element of the second device and a predetermined condition for the electrical measurement is enabled, then determining by the first device that the connection with the second device has been lost.

A system, method and computer-readable media for managing a compute environment are disclosed. The method includes importing identity information from an identity manager into a module performs workload management and scheduling for a compute environment and, unless a conflict exists, modifying the behavior of the workload management and scheduling module to incorporate the imported identity information such that access to and use of the compute environment occurs according to the imported identity information. The compute environment may be a cluster or a grid wherein multiple compute environments communicate with multiple identity managers.

A method for efficient dispatch/completion of a work element within a multi-node data processing system. The method comprises: selecting specific processing units from among the processing nodes to complete execution of a work element that has multiple individual work items that may be independently executed by different ones of the processing units; generating an allocated processor unit (APU) bit mask that identifies at least one of the processing units that has been selected; placing the work element in a first entry of a global command queue (GCQ); associating the APU mask with the work element in the GCQ; and responsive to receipt at the GCQ of work requests from each of the multiple processing nodes or the processing units, enabling only the selected specific ones of the processing nodes or the processing units to be able to retrieve work from the work element in the GCQ.

A system and method for detecting, filtering, prioritizing and reporting shared memory hazards are disclosed. The method includes, for a unit of hardware operating on a block of threads, mapping a plurality of shared memory locations assigned to the unit to a tracking table. The tracking table comprises initialization information for each shared memory location. The method also includes, for an instruction of a program within a barrier region, identifying a potential conflict by identifying a second access to a location in shared memory within a block of threads executed by the hardware unit. First information associated with a first access and second information associated with the second access to the location is determined. Filter criteria is applied to the first and second information to determine whether the instruction causes a reportable hazard. The instruction is reported when it causes the reportable hazard.

In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of managing a computing job based on a job priority and a submitter quota.

A cloud system may create physical resource tags to store relationships between cloud computing offerings, such as computing service offerings, storage offerings, and network offerings, and the specific physical resources in the cloud computing environment. Cloud computing offerings may be presented to cloud customers, the offerings corresponding to various combinations of computing services, storage, networking, and other hardware or software resources. After a customer selects one or more cloud computing offerings, a cloud resource manager or other component within the cloud infrastructure may retrieve a set of tags and determine a set of physical hardware resources associated with the selected offerings. The physical hardware resources associated with the selected offerings may be subsequently used to provision and create the new virtual machine and its operating environment.

Systems, methods and computer program products may provide managing utilization of one or more physical processors in a shared processor pool. A method of managing utilization of one or more physical processors in a shared processor pool may include determining a current amount of utilization of the one or more physical processors and generating an instruction message. The instruction message may be at least partially determined by the current amount of utilization. The method may further include sending the instruction message to a guest operating system, the guest operating system having a number of enabled virtual processors.

A system, method and computer program product for allocating shared resources. Upon receiving requests for resources, the cost of bundling software in a virtual machine (VM) image is automatically generated. Software is selected by the cost for each bundle according to the time required to install it where required, offset by the time to uninstall it where not required. A number of VM images having the highest software bundle value (i.e., highest cost bundled) is selected and stored, e.g., in a machine image store. With subsequent requests for resources, VMs may be instantiated from one or more stored VM images and, further, stored images may be updated selectively updated with new images.

Embodiments of the invention are directed to a system, method, or computer program product for providing an information technology build service for building a platform in response to a service request. The invention receives a service request for the platform build from a requester, receives a plurality of platform parameters from the requester, determines whether the service request requires one or more physical machines or one or more virtual machines, and if the service request requires one or more virtual machines, initiates build of the one or more virtual machines. The invention also provisions physical and virtual storage based on received parameters, provisions physical and virtual processing power based on received parameters, and manages power of resources during the build, the managing comprising managing power ups, power downs, standbys, idles and reboots of one or more physical components being used for the build.

Methods and systems for statistically eliding fences in a work stealing algorithm are disclosed. A data structure comprising a head pointer, tail pointer, barrier pointer and an advertising flag allows for dynamic load-balancing across processing resources in computer applications.

A method and an apparatus for generating metadata for digital content are described, which allow to review the generated metadata already in course of ongoing generation of metadata. The metadata generation is split into a plurality of processing tasks, which are allocated to two or more processing nodes. The metadata generated by the two or more processing nodes is gathered and visualized on an output unit.

In mainframe computer system, workload tasks are accomplished using a logically partitioned data processing system, where the partitioned data processing system is divided into multiple logical partitions. In a system and method managing such a computer system, each running workload tasks that can be classified based on time criticality, and groups of logical partitions can be freely defined. Processing capacity limits for the logical partitions in a group of logical partitions based upon defined processing capacity thresholds and upon an iterative determination of how much capacity is needed for time critical workload tasks. Workload can be balanced between logical partitions within a group, to prevent surplus processing capacity being used to run not time critical workload on one logical partition when another logical partition running only time critical workload tasks faces processing deficit.

A method of processing an electronic file by identifying portions of content data in the electronic file and determining if each portion of content data is passive content data having a fixed purpose or active content data having an associated function. If a portion is passive content data, then a determination is made as to whether the portion of passive content data is to be re-generated. If a portion is active content data, then the portion is analyzed to determine whether the portion of active content data is to be re-generated. A re-generated electronic file is then created from the portions of content data which are determined to be re-generated.

A system for protecting an electronic device against malware includes a memory, an operating system configured to execute on the electronic device, and a below-operating-system security agent. The below-operating-system security agent is configured to trap an attempted access of a resource of the electronic device, access one or more security rules to determine whether the attempted access is indicative of malware, and operate at a level below all of the operating systems of the electronic device accessing the memory. The attempted access includes attempting to write instructions to the memory and attempting to execute the instructions.

The systems and methods described herein may be used to implement a shared dynamic-sized data structure using hardware transactional memory to simplify and/or improve memory management of the data structure. An application (or thread thereof) may indicate (or register) the intended use of an element of the data structure and may initialize the value of the data structure element. Thereafter, another thread or application may use hardware transactions to access the data structure element while confirming that the data structure element is still part of the dynamic data structure and/or that memory allocated to the data structure element has not been freed. Various indicators may be used determine whether memory allocated to the element can be freed.

A server computer system determines that configuring a first virtual machine in a cloud depends on a configuration result of configuring a second virtual machine. The server computer system configures the second virtual machine in the cloud and configures the first virtual machine in the cloud using the configuration result of the second virtual machine.

A system and method for reconfiguring a computing environment comprising a consumption analysis server, a placement server, an infrastructure management client and a data warehouse in communication with a set of data collection agents and a database. The consumption analysis server operates on measured resource utilization data to yield a set of resource consumptions in regularized time blocks, collects host and virtual machine configurations from the computing environment and determines available capacity for a set of target hosts. The placement server assigns a set of target virtual machines to the target set of hosts in a new placement. In one mode of operation the new placement is nearly optimal. In another mode of operation, the new placement is “good enough” to achieve a threshold score based on an objective function of resource capacity headroom. The new placement is implemented in the computing environment.

Methods and systems for managing a removal of a passthrough device from a guest managed by a hypervisor in virtualized computing environment. A hypervisor receives a request from the guest for access to a passthrough device. The hypervisor sets, in a memory, a last accessed state associated with a virtual machine executing the guest. The hypervisor forwards the request to the passthrough device and configures the host CPU to send a subsequent access request directly to the passthrough device. In response to a virtual machine reset, the hypervisor clears the last accessed state and instructs the host CPU to send a post-reset access request to the hypervisor.

A system and method for reordering storage levels in a virtualized environment includes identifying a virtual machine (VM) to be transitioned and determining a new storage level order for the VM. The new storage level order reduces a VM live state during a transition, and accounts for hierarchical shared storage memory and criteria imposed by an application to reduce recovery operations after dynamic resource allocation actions. The new storage level order recommendation is propagated to VMs. The new storage level order applied in the VMs. A different storage-level order is recommended after the transition.

Method and system are provided for managing components of a storage operating environment having a plurality of virtual machines that can access a storage device managed by a storage system. The virtual machines are executed by a host platform that also executes a processor-executable host services module that interfaces with at least a processor-executable plug-in module for providing information regarding the virtual machines and assists in storage related services, for example, replicating the virtual machines.

A processing device comprises a processor coupled to a memory and implements an obligation management system for information technology infrastructure, with the obligation management system being configured to process a plurality of obligations on behalf of a relying party to verify implementation of corresponding controls in information technology infrastructure of a claimant. A given one of the obligations has an associated obligation fulfiller that is inserted or otherwise deployed as a component within the information technology infrastructure of the claimant and is configured to provide evidence of the implementation of one or more of the controls responsive to an obligation assertion so as to establish an associated trust aspect of the claimant. The information technology infrastructure may comprise distributed virtual infrastructure of a cloud service provider. The claimant may comprise the cloud service provider and the relying party may comprise a tenant of the cloud service provider.

Techniques for adaptive thread scheduling on a plurality of cores for reducing system energy are described. In one embodiment, a thread scheduler receives leakage current information associated with the plurality of cores. The leakage current information is employed to schedule a thread on one of the plurality of cores to reduce system energy usage. On chip calibration of the sensors is also described.

An electronic device for using pause to manage resources is described. The electronic device includes a processor and instructions stored in memory. The electronic device monitors a pause duration and determines whether to perform a resource management operation based on the pause duration. The electronic device performs the resource management operation based on the pause duration.

A usage allocation of a hardware resource to each of a number of workloads over time is determined using a demand model. The usage allocation of the resource includes a current and past actual usage allocation of the resource, a future projected usage allocation of the resource, and current and past actual usage of the resource. A capacity allocation of the resource is determined using a capacity model. The capacity allocation of the resource includes a current and past capacity and a future projected capacity of the resource. Whether a gap exists between the usage allocation and the capacity allocation is determined using a mapping model. Where the gap exists between the usage allocation of the resource and the capacity allocation of the resource, a user is presented with options determined using the mapping model and selectable by the user to implement a remediation strategy to close the gap.

The technology of the present application provides a networked computer system with at least one workstation and at least one shared resource such as a database. Access to the database by the workstation is managed by a database management system. An access engine reviews job requests for access to the database and allows job requests access to the resource based protocols stored by the system.

A video player instance may be prioritized and decoding and rendering resources may be assigned to the video player instance accordingly. A video player instance may request use of a resource combination. Based on a determined priority a resource combination may be assigned to the video player instance. A resource combination may be reassigned to another video player instance upon detection that the previously assigned resource combination is no longer actively in use.

By employing a two-tier load balancing scheme, embodiments of the present invention may reduce the overhead of shared resource management, while increasing the potential aggregate throughput of a thread pool. As a result, the techniques presented herein may lead to increased performance in many computing environments, such as graphics intensive gaming.

According to an embodiment, based on task border information, and first-type dependency relationship information containing N number of nodes corresponding to data accesses to one set of data, containing edges representing dependency relationship between the nodes, and having at least one node with an access reliability flag indicating reliability/unreliability of corresponding data access; task border edges, of edges extending over task borders, are identified that have an unreliable access node linked to at least one end, and presentation information containing unreliable access nodes is generated. According to dependency existence information input corresponding to the set of data, conversion information indicating absence of data access to the unreliable access nodes is output. According to the conversion information, the first-type dependency relationship information is converted into second-type dependency relationship information containing M number of nodes (0≦M≦N) corresponding to data accesses to the set of data and containing edges representing inter-node dependency relationship.

Disclosed is an information processing device and a task switching method that can reduce the time required for switching of tasks in a plurality of coprocessors. The information processing device (30) includes a processor core (301); coprocessors (311 to 31n) including operation units (321 to 32n) that perform operation in response to a request from the processor core (301) and operation storage units (331 to 22n) that store the contents of operation of the operation units (321 to 32n), save storage units (351 to 35n) that store the saved contents of operation, a task switching control unit (302) that outputs a save/restore request signal when switching a task on which operation is performed by the coprocessors (311 to 31n), and save/restore units (341 to 34n) that perform at least one of saving of the contents of operation in the operation storage units (331 to 33n) to the save storage units (351 to 35n) and restoration of the contents of operation in the save storage units (351 to 35 n) to the operation storage units (331 to 33n) in response to the save/restore request signal.

Policy enforcement in an environment that includes virtualized systems is disclosed. Virtual machine information associated with a first virtual machine instance executing on a host machine is received. The information can be received from a variety of sources, including an agent, a log server, and a management infrastructure associated with the host machine. A policy is applied based at least in part on the received virtual machine information.

Methods and apparatus are provided for evaluating potential resource capacity in a system where there is elasticity and competition between a plurality of containers. A dynamic potential capacity is determined for at least one container in a plurality of containers competing for a total capacity of a larger container. A current utilization by each of the plurality of competing containers is obtained, and an equilibrium capacity is determined for each of the competing containers. The equilibrium capacity indicates a capacity that the corresponding container is entitled to. The dynamic potential capacity is determined based on the total capacity, a comparison of one or more of the current utilizations to one or more of the corresponding equilibrium capacities and a relative resource weight of each of the plurality of competing containers. The dynamic potential capacity is optionally recalculated when the set of plurality of containers is changed or after the assignment of each work element.

A method and apparatus for method of continuously producing 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane with high yield is provided. The method includes (a) bringing a CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride in a reactor into contact with 3,3,3-trifluoropropene to produce a CoF2-containing cobalt fluoride and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane, (b) transferring the CoF2-containing cobalt fluoride in the reactor to a regenerator and bringing the transferred CoF2-containing cobalt fluoride into contact with fluorine gas to regenerate a CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride, and (c) transferring the CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride in the regenerator to the reactor and employing the transferred CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride in Operation (a). Accordingly, the 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane can be continuously produced with high yield from the 3,3,3-trifluoropropene using a cobalt fluoride (CoF2/CoF3) as a fluid catalyst, thereby improving the reaction stability and readily adjusting the optimum conversion rate and selectivity.

1,4 fullerene deriatives useful for solar cells are provided, where their structures allow for straightforward functionalizations to tune their properties in terms of solubility and LUMO energy levels.

A liquid crystal compound having a high stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a low minimum temperature of a liquid crystal phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant and an excellent solubility in other liquid crystal compounds, a liquid crystal composition containing the compound, and a liquid crystal display device including the composition. The compound is represented by formula (1): wherein, for example, R1 is fluorine or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons; ring A1 and ring A2 are 1,4-phenylene, or 1,4-phenylene in which at least one of hydrogen is replaced by fluorine; Z1, Z2 and Z3 are a single bond; L1 and L2 are hydrogen or fluorine; X1 is fluorine or —CF3; and m is 1, and n is 0.

An optically active bisbenzyl compound or a racemic bisbenzyl compound represented by formula (2) that has axial chirality: where: R1 represents a halogen, or an optionally substituted: linear, branched, or cyclic C1-8 alkyl, C2-8 alkenyl, C2-8 alkynyl, C6-14 aryl, C3-8 heteroaryl, linear, branched, or cyclic C1-8 alkoxy, or C7-16 aralkyl;R21 each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, nitro, or an optionally substituted: linear, branched, or cyclic C1-8 alkyl, C2-8 alkenyl, C2-8 alkynyl, C6-14 aryl, linear, branched, or cyclic C1-8 alkoxy, or a C7-16 aralkyl;R3 represents hydrogen, or an optionally substituted: C6-14 aryl, a C3-8 heteroaryl, or a C7-16 aralkyl; andY2 represents a halogen, or an optionally substituted: C1-8 alkylsulfonyloxy, C6-14 arylsulfonyloxy, or C7-16 aralkylsulfonyloxy.

A novel organic compound suitable for emitting green light and an organic light-emitting device including the organic compound are provided. The organic compound is represented by general formula (1). In general formula (1), R1 to R18 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.

Methods or preparing para-xylene from biomass by carrying out a Diels-Alder cycloaddition at controlled temperatures and activity ratios. Methods of preparing bio-terephthalic acid and bio-poly(ethylene terephthalate (bio-PET) are also disclosed, as well as products formed from bio-PET.

The present invention is directed to a combination reactor system for exothermic reactions comprising a trickle-bed reactor and a shell-and-tube reactor. This combination allows the system to efficiently remove heat while also providing the ability to control both the temperature and/or reaction progression. The trickle-bed reactor removes heat efficiently from the system by utilizing latent heat and does not require the use of a cooling or heating medium. The shell-and-tube reactor is used to further progress the reaction and provides a heat exchanger in order to introduce fluid at the desired temperature in the shell-and-tube reactor. Also, additional reactant or reactants and/or other fluids may be introduced to the shell-and-tube section of the reactor under controlled temperature conditions.

The instant invention relates to a process and method for manufacturing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene by dehydrohalogenating a reactant stream of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane that is substantially free from impurities, particularly halogenated propanes, propenes, and propynes.

The present invention aims in a method wherein tetrachloroethylene (PCE) is reacted with HF in a gas phase in the presence of a catalyst to obtain pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), to reduce production of undesirable by-products and maintain a catalytic activity at a high level over a long period of time while achieving a high conversion ratio of PCE and suppressing deterioration of the catalyst. In a method for producing pentafluoroethane wherein tetrachloroethylene is reacted with HF in a gas phase in the presence of a catalyst to obtain pentafluoroethane, characterized in that chromium oxyfluoride is disposed in a reactor as the catalyst, and oxygen is fed into the reactor together with tetrachloroethylene and HF, at a amount of 0.4-1.8% by mole with respect to tetrachloroethylene.

The present invention provides a method for purifying HFO-1234yf, comprising the steps of (1) cooling a liquid mixture containing HFO-1234yf and HF to separate the mixture into a upper liquid phase having a high concentration of HF and a lower liquid phase having a high concentration of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; and (2) subjecting the lower liquid phase obtained in step (1) to a distillation operation to withdraw a mixture containing HFO-1234yf and HF from a top of a distillation column, thereby obtaining substantially HF-free HFO-1234yf from a bottom of the distillation column. According to the present invention, HF and HFO-1234yf contained in a mixture containing HF and HFO-1234yf can be separated under simple and economically advantageous conditions.

Disclosed is a process for producing 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, which is characterized by that 1-halogeno-3,3,3-trifluoropropene represented by the general formula [1]: (In the formula, X represents a fluorine atom, chlorine atom or bromine atom.) is reacted with chlorine in a gas phase in the presence of a catalyst. It is possible by this process to produce 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene in an industrial scale with good yield by using 1-halogeno-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, which is available with a low price, as the raw material.

The invention also relates a process for the manufacture of trans 1-chloro3,3,3-trifluoropropene. The process comprises an isomerization step from cis 1233zd to trans 1233zd.

The invention also relates a process for the manufacture of trans 1-chloro3,3,3-trifluoropropene. The process comprises an isomerization step from cis 1233zd to trans 1233zd.