Biographical note of the Permanent Representative of the Netherlands.

This country note for the Netherlands provides detail on the proportion of CO2 emissions from energy use subject to different effective carbon rates (ECR), as well as on the level and components of average ECRs in each of the six economic sectors (road transport, off-road transport, industry, agriculture and fishing, residential & commercial, and electricity).

The digital revolution, globalisation and demographic changes are transforming labour markets at a time when policy makers are also struggling with slow productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality. The new OECD Jobs Strategy provides a comprehensive framework and policy recommendations to help countries address these challenges.

Government at a Glance provides a dashboard of key indicators to help you analyse international comparisons of public sector performance.

Key findings for The Netherlands from the report "Pensions at a Glance 2019"

The tax-to-GDP ratio in the Netherlands increased by 0.1 percentage point from 38.7% in 2017 to 38.8% in 2018. The corresponding figure for the OECD average was a slight increase of 0.1 percentage point from 34.2% to 34.3% over the same period.

Precipitation in Somalia decreased to 7.17 mm in December from 34.67 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Somalia averaged 22.51 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 136.24 mm in November of 1961 and a record low of 0.75 mm in December of 1967. This page includes a chart with historical data for Somalia Average Precipitation.

Temperature in Somalia decreased to 26.12 celsius in December from 26.64 celsius in November of 2015. Temperature in Somalia averaged 26.88 celsius from 1850 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 29.60 celsius in May of 2007 and a record low of 23.72 celsius in January of 1904. This page includes a chart with historical data for Somalia Average Temperature.

The total population in Somalia was estimated at 15.3 million people in 2019, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. Looking back, in the year of 1960, Somalia had a population of 2.8 million people. The population of Somalia represents 0.14 percent of the world´s total population which arguably means that one person in every 729 people on the planet is a resident of Somalia. This page provides - Somalia Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Somalia thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Somalia as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Somalia recorded 44 Coronavirus Deaths since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Somalia reported 928 Coronavirus Cases. This page includes a chart with historical data for Somalia Coronavirus Deaths.

Employment Rate in India decreased to 46.80 percent in 2018 from 47.80 percent in 2016. Employment Rate in India averaged 48.76 percent from 2012 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 50.80 percent in 2012 and a record low of 46.80 percent in 2018. In India, Worker Population Ratio (WPR) is the percentage of persons employed among the persons in the population. This page provides - India Worker Population Ratio- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Norway decreased to 67.90 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 68.60 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Norway averaged 68.35 percent from 1988 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 71.80 percent in the second quarter of 2008 and a record low of 63 percent in the first quarter of 1993. In Norway, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Norway Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in France increased to 65.90 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 65.20 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in France averaged 63.89 percent from 2003 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 65.90 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 63 percent in the fourth quarter of 2005. In France, the employment rate measures the number of people aged 15 to 64 who have a job as a percentage of the labour force from the same age group. This page provides - France Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Ireland increased to 70.20 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 69.60 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Ireland averaged 66.44 percent from 1998 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 72.50 percent in the third quarter of 2007 and a record low of 59.30 percent in the first quarter of 2012. In Ireland, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Ireland Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in South Africa remained unchanged at 42.40 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 42.40 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in South Africa averaged 43.16 percent from 2000 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 46.17 percent in the fourth quarter of 2008 and a record low of 41 percent in the first quarter of 2004. In South Africa, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - South Africa Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Australia remained unchanged at 62.60 percent in February from 62.60 percent in January of 2020. Employment Rate in Australia averaged 59.07 percent from 1978 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 62.90 percent in April of 2008 and a record low of 54 percent in April of 1983. In Australia, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Australia Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Turkey decreased to 45.30 percent in January from 45.50 percent in December of 2019. Employment Rate in Turkey averaged 43.45 percent from 2005 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 47.90 percent in December of 2017 and a record low of 38.90 percent in April of 2009. In Turkey, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Turkey Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in the United Kingdom increased to 76.60 percent in January from 76.50 percent in December of 2019. Employment Rate in the United Kingdom averaged 71.34 percent from 1971 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 76.60 percent in January of 2020 and a record low of 65.60 percent in March of 1983. In United Kingdom, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - United Kingdom Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Germany remained unchanged at 77 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 77 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Germany averaged 69.42 percent from 1992 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 77 percent in the third quarter of 2019 and a record low of 63.60 percent in the second quarter of 1997. In Germany, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Germany Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Switzerland increased to 81 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 80.40 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Switzerland averaged 79.13 percent from 1996 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 81.30 percent in the fourth quarter of 2016 and a record low of 76.90 percent in the second quarter of 1997. In Switzerland, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Switzerland Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Mexico increased to 97.06 percent in March from 96.43 percent in February of 2020. Employment Rate in Mexico averaged 95.79 percent from 2005 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 97.23 percent in December of 2005 and a record low of 93.58 percent in September of 2009. In Mexico, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Mexico Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Japan remained unchanged at 60.40 percent in March from 60.40 percent in February of 2020. Employment Rate in Japan averaged 60.17 percent from 1972 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 65.40 percent in October of 1973 and a record low of 55.90 percent in January of 2012. In Japan, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Japan Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in the United States decreased to 51.30 percent in April from 60 percent in March of 2020. Employment Rate in the United States averaged 59.26 percent from 1948 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 64.70 percent in April of 2000 and a record low of 51.30 percent in April of 2020. In United States, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - United States Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Canada decreased to 52.10 percent in April from 58.50 percent in March of 2020. Employment Rate in Canada averaged 60.35 percent from 1976 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 63.70 percent in February of 2008 and a record low of 52.10 percent in April of 2020. In Canada, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Canada Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The country profile: pension eligibility ages and other qualifying conditions; the rules for calculating benefit entitlements; the treatment of early and late retirees; personal income tax and social security contributions.

This one-pager note presents key findings for Turkey from Society at a Glance 2011 - OECD Social indicators. This 2011 publication also provides a special chapter on unpaid work across the OECD.

Turkey has implemented ambitious reforms since the late 1990s. However, support remains higher than the average in the OECD area and the most distorting forms dominate.

The conference discussed the results of the project as well as policy recommendations on training and skills development for the creation of an innovative and competitive SME sector in OECD countries.

Education at a Glance 2013 - Country notes and key fact tables

Mr. Angel Gurría will be in Istanbul on 2- 3 October 2013, to attend the Informal Meeting of OECD Ministers of Education taking place under the overall theme Fostering skills and employability through education. The Secretary-General will deliver opening remarks on “Kick-starting a global skills revolution”, alongside Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Minister of National Education Nabi Avci.

These country notes contain indicators which compare the political and institutional frameworks of national governments as well as revenues and expenditures, employment, and compensation. They include a description of government policies on integrity, e-government and open government.

This note presents key findings for Turkey from Society at a Glance 2014 - OECD Social indicators. This 2014 publication also provides a special chapter on: the crisis and its aftermath: a “stress test” for societies and for social policies.

Following recent Turkish media reports, the OECD would like to clarify that it has published no recent review of Turkey. The publication of the 2014 Economic Survey of Turkey is planned for July.

Organised in Istanbul, this event focused on financial education across Europe and in Turkey, the role(s) of the private and not-for-profit sectors in financial education, financial literacy and innovation for young people and financial education for migrant workers and their families.

Country notes with main key findings of the book and key fact tables: a customised snapshot of a country's educational environment, highlighting the most important issues in the educational landscape.

Turkey is a significant and geopolitically critical economy. Its companies, like those from many other countries, operate in corruption-prone sectors and countries. In spite of this, only 10 allegations have come to the attention of Turkish authorities since foreign bribery became an offence in Turkey in 2003.

This publication highlights new evidence on policies to support job creation, bringing together the latest research on labour market, entrepreneurship and local economic development policy to help governments support job creation in the recovery. It also includes a set of country pages featuring, among other things, new data on skills supply and demand at the level of smaller OECD regions (TL3).

The tax burden in Turkey increased by 1.7 percentage points from 27.6% to 29.3% in 2013. The OECD average was an increase of 0.4 percentage points from 33.7% to 34.1%. The Turkish standard VAT rate is 18%, which is below the OECD average. The average VAT/GST standard rate in the OECD was 19.1% on 1 January 2014.

OECD’nin yayınladığı en son Büyümeye Geçiş raporuna göre kapsamlı bir reform gündemi doğrultusunda kararlı ve sistemli adımların atılması hükümetlere, zayıf talebi canlandırmak, sağlıklı ekonomik büyümeyi canlandırmak, iş olanakları yaratmak ve kazanımları toplumun her kesimine ulaştırmak için fırsatlar sunmaktadır.

Specific country notes have been prepared using data from the database OECD Health Statistics 2015, July 2015 version. The notes are available in PDF format.

The 2015 edition introduces more detailed analysis of participation in early childhood and tertiary levels of education. The report also examines first generation tertiary-educated adults’ educational and social mobility, labour market outcomes for recent graduates, and participation in employer-sponsored formal and/or non-formal education.

Biographical note of Turkey's Permanent Representative to the OECD.

Turkey, an OECD member country, has endured several attacks in recent times. Each of these deeds is an offense to our collective freedoms, values and way of living. We categorically condemn these terrible acts.

Education at a Glance 2016 - Country Notes

The number of young people not in employment, education or training (NEETs) remains elevated in many countries since the crisis. This country note examines the characteristics of those at risk of being NEET in Turkey along with policies to help meet the challenge. It also includes many new youth-specific indicators on family formation, self-sufficiency, income and poverty, health and social cohesion.

OECD Secretary General Angel Gurría has condemned the terrorist attack that took place in Istanbul during the New Year celebrations, transmitting his support to President Erdoğan and the people of Turkey.

This note presents marginal effective tax rates (METRs) that summarise the tax system’s impact on the incentives to make an additional investment in a particular type of savings. By comparing METRs on different types of household savings, we can gain insights into which assets or savings types receive the most favourable treatment from the tax system.

This country note for Turkey provides detail on the proportion of CO2 emissions from energy use subject to different effective carbon rates (ECR), as well as on the level and components of average ECRs in each of the six economic sectors (road transport, off-road transport, industry, agriculture and fishing, residential & commercial, and electricity).

The digital revolution, globalisation and demographic changes are transforming labour markets at a time when policy makers are also struggling with slow productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality. The new OECD Jobs Strategy provides a comprehensive framework and policy recommendations to help countries address these challenges.