Pet owners can feel immense guilt when leaving their pets at home.

There are several reasons to feel this way, and a few ways to cope with the feeling.

Find the latest Warhammer Tacticus Codes here! Keep reading for more!

The fusiform face area (FFA) responds to touching faces in people born blind.

Neuroscientists introduce a new tool to detect hippocampal activity.

Our memories are more reliable than experts predicted

When yesterday's placebo is tomorrow's treatment

No fooling, Citizen Science Month and the One Million Acts of Science challenge are underway

It's a packed week, with Earth Day, Arbor Day, The City Nature Challenge and more!

One Million Acts of Science challenge met, but lots of important project work is still left!

But only in the event of a warp-drive equivalent to a space shuttle disaster.

A new study explains the problem of cyberattacks in space and how to help anticipate novel and surprising scenarios.

The research also reveals entirely new forms of communication that blur the distinction between good and bad uses of AI

An experimental aircraft could someday play a role in providing internet access to rural areas or disaster zones

People often contract schistosomiasis through water contaminated with infected snails and feces.

Astronomy doesn't deserve its reputation as a tough, expensive hobby. You just need to begin with the right advice.

The post Astronomy for Beginners: How to Get Started in Backyard Astronomy appeared first on Sky & Telescope.

Location: Special Collections x-Collection- QB500.L4

Location: Law Library- TL787.Y43 2016

Location: Special Collections x-Collection- QB145.C49 1960

Location: Special Collections Hevelin Collection- PS3554.I325S6 1969

Location: Special Collections x-Collection- PS3554.I294C73 1966

Location: Special Collections x-Collection- TL521.A541485 1968

Location: Special Collections x-Collection- QB500.C87 1989

Location: Electronic Resource- 

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Location: Main Library- TJ114.A65 2015

As Saturn's rings narrow, now's the time for its moons to shine.

The post See Mutual Events, Close Approaches of Saturn's Moons appeared first on Sky & Telescope.

Astronomers have identified a distant stellar tagalong to the binary system V404 Cygni.

The post Newfound Stellar Companion May Explain Black Hole System appeared first on Sky & Telescope.

Scientists have found possibly the oldest and largest crater on Venus — and it's like none they've ever seen on our sister planet.

The post Oldest and Largest Impact Crater Found on Venus appeared first on Sky & Telescope.

Bridgetown (Barbados) - Puerto Plata (Dominican Republic)

[Finish line of The Amazing Race 36, Episode 9, at the Anfiteatro La Puntilla in Puerto Plata, with the Taino Bay cruise port in the background. Screenshot from CBS television broadcast.]

It's a sign of the times that The Amazing Race made its first visit to the Dominican Republic this season. The DR has had the fastest-growing economy in the Caribbean or Central America for the last twenty years, and is now the region's largest economy. A substantial part of that economic growth, and a deliberate target of the government's efforts to attract investment, has been tourism.

Until a decade ago, more money came into the DR through remittances from Dominicans living and working abroad, mainly in the USA, than from any other source. Since then, boosted by government policies to promote tourism development, revenues from international tourism to the DR have doubled, passing remittances as the country's largest source of foreign exchange.

The DR is the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola; Haiti is the the western third of the island. If the DR doesn't get as much notice abroad, that's partly because it's a relatively stable, middle-income country, not notable for poverty, wealth, or war. "If it bleeds, it leads", and the DR hasn't had the crises that have brought so much attention (although little understanding or empathy) to its closest neighbor.

To put the situation in perspective, per capita income in the DR is half what it is in Barbados, the last previous destination visited by The Amazing Race 36, but five times that of Haiti. A major issue in the DR is immigration from Haiti and ongoing discrimination in the DR against a racially stigmatized underclass of Haitian immigrants and Dominicans of Haitian ancestry.

International tourism rebounded from the COVID-19 pandemic much more quickly in the DR than in most other countries. There were more foreign visitors to the DR in 2022 than there had been in 2019, the last year before the pandemic. As they started travelling again after the worst of the pandemic, some visitors from the USA probably chose the DR as a destination closer and a shorter flight away than other places they might otherwise have gone.

Other visitors come to the DR -- especially to the area around Puerto Plata where this episode of The Amazing Race took place -- on a growing number of cruise ships. The main challenge for the racers took place at the Damajagua waterfalls, which are promoted primarily as a shore excursion for cruise ship passengers. I had hoped that the pandemic might kill off the cruise industry as we know it, or at least reduce demand for cruises enough that some cruise ships might be repurposed for transportation. I was wrong. Cruising is back with a vengeance.

Puerto Plata has only a tenth of the population of the country's capital city and main cargo port, Santo Domingo, but Puerto Plata is overwhelmingly and increasingly the dominant cruise ship port of call in the DR. There are two cruise ports in the Puerto Playa area, one purpose-built and operated exclusively for Carnival Cruise Lines at Amber Cove, and the Taino Bay Cruise Port in the center of the city that was visible in the background at the finish line of this episode of The Amazing Race 36.

Next week The Amazing Race 36 returns to the USA. For the season finale, two episodes have apparently been edited down to a total of an hour and a half of broadcast time to suit the demands of CBS television schedulers. Stay tuned!

Puerto Plata (Dominican Republic) - Philadelphia, PA (USA)

What you're not realizing is, if you want to go to another state, nobody's gonna' stop you. Like, you can get in the car, and you go!

[Juan, at the finish line of The Amazing Race 36 in Philadelphia, PA.]

En route to the finish line of The Amazing Race 36 in Philadelphia, Juan and his partner Shane mistakenly drove across the Delaware River from Pennsylvania to New Jersey and back. Despite numerous historical allusions in this episode of the reality-TV travel show, the racers weren't supposed to reenact Washington's crossing of the Delaware: they were supposed to go to a famous Philly cheesesteak house. But they borrowed a bystander's phone and got directions to a similarly named Jersey pizza joint. Their third-place finish on the race was due not to getting lost, but to relying blindly on the first response to a Google search.

How is it, though, that it seems so natural to Juan, as perhaps to most of us, that we can cross state lines so easily, but it seems equally natural that we have to request and obtain permission (visas), show passports, and submit to inspection to cross international borders?

Should international travel everywhere be as easy as crossing between US states or between member states of the European Union?

Can we have borders without border controls, as these examples might suggest?

These are important questions for all travellers, but perhaps especially for those of us whose passports privilege us to cross many borders with only minor inconvenience and without having to worry too much, or too often, about whether or not the border guards or the authorities at the airport or seaport will permit us to enter, will detain us, or will turn us back.

Last week I attended a fascinating discussion on this subject with John Washington, a reporter for Arizona Luminaria and the author of The Case for Open Borders (Haymarket Books, 2024) at the wonderful Medicine for Nightmares bookstore in San Francisco, co-sponsored by the San Francisco Bay Area Chapter of the National Lawyers Guild.

The conversation was even more thought-provoking than a mere summary of the book would suggest.

Washington's goal, as he describes it, is not so much to provide a comprehensive treatise on the rationale for open borders as to introduce and inject the idea -- today invoked most often as a bogey-man like "Communism" to be automatically dismissed -- into the realm of possibility and serious debate. Closed or controlled borders are not things that have always existed, that exist everywhere even today, or that should be taken for granted. The Case for Open Borders is only a starting point for the debate we need to have.

I was particular pleased that Washington mentioned, both in his book and in his presentation, several other books and authors that have influenced my thinking and that I think deserve more attention. So rather than restate Washington's argument (open borders would be good for almost everyone, and are a realistic possibility which can and should be adopted without delay), which you can read for yourself, let me highlight some key topics related to travel across borders, and some of these sources of additional insight.

In his talk, Washington acknowledged How Migration Really Works by Hein de Haas as a source of quantitative data about migration, even though de Haas criticizes some of the specific arguments Washington makes for open borders. You don't have to agree with all of de Haas's conclusions to value his marshalling of migration data and his interpretations of what it says about who crosses borders and why.

We think of borders as being between states (i.e. countries, not all of which are "nation states"). But that hasn't always been the case. Until recently, "states" were the exception, not the rule. Borders and walls -- the Great Wall of China, Hadrian's Wall at the northern border of the Roman Empire, and so forth -- were what separated the territory of "civilized" states and peoples from the stateless territories inhabited by nomads, shifting agriculturists, hunter-gatherers, and other "barbarians". The Art of Not Being Governed, by the political theoretican and anthropologist James C. Scott, is a detailed historical case study of how the borders between states (mostly in the easily controlled flatlands) and stateless regions (mostly in the hills) have shaped the movements of people.

Why is the fundamental right of movement lagging, even backsliding, throughout the world? Why do states decry and prosecute impingements on the right to free speech, the free press, or the right to freedom from government oppression... and yet so enthusiastically impinge on the right to free movement? Is the right to free movement somehow different from the right to free speech, or the right to liberty? Why is the fundamental right to leave your country enshrined in the UN Declaration of Human Rights, but not the right to enter another country? In a world (almost) completely carved into nation states, the right to leave is only half a right without the right to enter.

[John Washington, The Case for Open Borders, p. 182.]

As Washington notes, international human rights law distinguished between right to leave any country and the right to enter "your own" country (but not to enter any other country). Who is allowed to cross which borders thus depends on which country or countries is/are defined to be "your own". Citizenship is typically defined by birth: where you were born ("jus soli", right of the soil) and/or who your parent were ("jus sanguinis", right of blood). But should we take either or both of these principles of citizenship for granted?

Jacqueline Stevens, in Reproducing the State, presents a feminist critique of the idea of "birthright" citizenship, especially as the basis for distinctions between who does, and who does not, have certain rights. If some people have more rights, especially rights of place, and some have fewer, depending on who their parents are or where they were born, doesn't that amount to -- as Stevens and Washington both name it -- apartheid?

Mahmood Mamdani, in Neither Settler nor Native, argues that the very idea of the "nation-state" defined by citizenship is a settler-colonial invention that reifies discriminatory distinctions. And in States Without Nations, Stevens envisions a world without birthright citizenship or citizenship-based border controls.

That's not the world we live in today, though. On the ways in which borders are becoming less and less open, Washington cites Todd Miller's Empire of Borders: The Expansion of the U.S. Border Around the World. For a global perspective on this issue, I would add David Scott FitzGerald's Refuge Beyond Reach: How Rich Democracies Repel Asylum Seekers -- and, of course, my own writing for the Identity Project.

Control of cross-border movement based on who we are depends on documents (passports) and/or biometric databases that identify who we are and link us with attributes that form the basis for deciding which borders we can and can't cross. Washington cites John Torpey's The Invention of the Passport as one version of the history of passports and travel documents. Another is provided by Mark B. Salter in Rights of Passage: The Passport in International Relations.

Finally, to Washington's moving stories about life and death in the USA-Mexico borderlands, I would add Sally Hayden's tour de force of witness from another border region, My Fourth Tine, We Drowned: Seeking Refuge on the World's Deadliest Migration Route. Trigger warning: This is both the easiest and, in other ways, the hardest of the books on this list. But it's also the one I most strongly recommend.

On another note, there was an unfortunate omission earlier in this episode of The Amazing Race 36. The racers were sent to the Arch Street Meeting House, but nothing was said to explain this building or its historical significance to viewers of The Amazing Race. I'll be generous to the TV producers and assume that this context was left on the cutting-floor when what had been planned and filmed as the final two hour-long episodes of The Amazing Race 36 were edited down to a single ninety-minutes episode to suit the CBS-TV broadcast schedule. It's too bad that TV viewers missed out on that lesson, though, because Quakers have had an influence -- not just in the founding of Pennsylvania, but in the structure of American society at large -- far out of proportion to their small numbers and extending far beyond the membership of the Religious Society of Friends, but often overlooked in history texts and classes.

Quakers have had key roles in every period of American history, especially in times of social struggle and social change: in the abolitionist movement of the 1860s, in the civil rights movement of the 1960s (Bayard Rustin, a queer African-American Quaker who had been imprisoned for resisting the draft during World War II, was a key tactical and strategic advisor to the Rev. M. L. King, Jr., and one of the main organizers of the 1963 March on Washington), and in the anti-nuclear movement of the 1980s and subsequent campaigns of nonviolent direct action that have used consensus-based structures of organizing derived from Quaker decision-making and articulated and taught by, among others, George Lakey.

You can't fully understand American history without some understanding of Quaker thought and action. If you go to Independence Hall to see the Liberty Bell, it's worth a small detour to check out the modest exhibits at the Arch Street Meeting House on the next block.

Library - Art Library, Location - LIB, Call number - F2230.1.A7 K39 2016

Library - Art Library, Location - LIB, Call number - N6510 .J37 2016

Library - Art Library, Location - OSIZ, Call number - FOLIO N6865 .R46 2016

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Library - Art Library, Location - LIB, Call number - BF789.C7 P3813 2009

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Library - Art Library, Location - LIB, Call number - NA1085 .L44 2016

Library - Art Library, Location - LIB, Call number - ND237.M41183 A4 2016

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