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The problem of induced voltages in control cables in high voltage substations

Cabling in power substations is very important due to the fact that they are the longest parts of a system and therefore act as efficient antennas that pickup and or radiate noise. In HV substations, there are different kinds of conductors... Read more

The post The problem of induced voltages in control cables in high voltage substations appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Dos, don’ts and precautions in wiring cables and conductors inside low-voltage switchboard

To be clear from the very beginning of this article, there is no standard model for wiring low voltage switchboards and panelboards. However, for the wide variety of installations and ranges of power ratings, there are local work practices, regulations... Read more

The post Dos, don’ts and precautions in wiring cables and conductors inside low-voltage switchboard appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Parameters of generators, transformers, lines and cables for vars, voltage and loads control

For a power system to operate efficiently and securely, the importance of the correct and coordinated provision and control of reactive power cannot be overemphasised. It is necessary to examine reactive power requirements under both steady-state and dynamic conditions. Although... Read more

The post Parameters of generators, transformers, lines and cables for vars, voltage and loads control appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Voltage Drop Analysis and Calculation Essentials (MS Excel Sheet Bonus)

A voltage drop is the total amount of voltage loss that happens through all or part of an electric circuit due to impedance and other factors. The more the voltage drops in the system, the more negative impacts will likely... Read more

The post Voltage Drop Analysis and Calculation Essentials (MS Excel Sheet Bonus) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Twelve high voltage cable construction techniques used worldwide

This technical article discusses twelve different methods for laying high voltage cables. Out of the ten, four are deemed conventional and eight are deemed progressive. Many various utilities and companies all across the globe are making use of them, though... Read more

The post Twelve high voltage cable construction techniques used worldwide appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Daily Warm-Up 34 for Gr. 3 & 4: American History

Help students master important reading skills with a passage about the Pony Express and reading comprehension questions, in this printable warm-up.




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Duke Energy aims to double renewable energy capacity by 2030, phase out coal by 2035

The utility's five-year capital plan totals $63 billion, 80% of which will support investments in grid modernization and zero or lower-carbon emitting generation.




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The Benefits of Educational Quizzes and Tests

John Kleeman shared on Questionmark's Blog the ten benefits of quizzes and tests in educational practice as proposed by psychology experts Henry L. Roediger III, Adam L. Putnam and Megan A. Smith in a recent paper, “Ten Benefits of Testing and Their Applications to Educational Practice”.

Here is John's summary and understanding of the paper:

1. Retrieval aids later retention. There is clear evidence from psychological experiments that practicing retrieval of something after learning it, for instance by taking a quiz or test, makes you more likely to retain it for the long term.
2. Testing identifies gaps in knowledge.
3. Testing causes students to learn more from the next study episode. Essentially it reduces forgetting which makes the next related study area more productive.
4. Testing produces better organization of knowledge by helping the brain organize material in clusters to allow better retrieval.
5. Testing improves transfer of knowledge to new contexts. There are several experiments referenced in the paper where tests and quizzes help transfer and application of knowledge.
6. Testing can facilitate retrieval of material that was not tested. Surprisingly there are circumstances where quizzes or tests, particularly if delayed, can help people retrieve/retain information that was related to that asked but not actually asked in the questions.
7. Testing improves metacognitive monitoring – by giving students scores or self-assessments, they can better predict their knowledge and be more confident about what they know and what they need to know.
8. Testing prevents interference from prior material when learning new material. If you have a test after learning one set of material before learning another set of material, it can make it less likely that the second session will
9. Testing provides feedback to instructors and lets them know what is learned or what is not.
10. Frequent testing encourages students to study. Having frequent quizzes and tests motivates study and reduces procrastination.
 You can see their paper “Ten Benefits of Testing and Their Applications to Educational Practice” in Psychology of Learning and Motivation, Vol 55. It’s also available for download on Professor Roediger’s publications page, in the list of papers from 2011, at http://psych.wustl.edu/memory/publications/.




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Glean - Searching the Web for Educational Videos

I wanted to tell you about a service I recently discovered called Glean.

Glean searches the web for educational videos (lessons) in math and science and then structures and organizes them (setting, pace, teaching style, grade level, etc.), tags them by educational standard and adds interactive tools, i.e. Q&A and practice exercises.

As you provide feedback, Glean selects the best video lessons for you based on your learning styles and preferences.


Glean - Exploring the best video lessons in education




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OSU - CareerTech Digital Forum: Educating for Global Coompetitiveness

Oklahoma State University and the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education invite you to watch their digital forum entitled "Educating for Global Coompetitiveness" on Friday, June 13, 2014 (Speakers are from 8:30 a.m. - 12:15 p.m. CST).

Featured speakers are OSU President Burns Hargis, CareerTech State Director Dr. Robert Sommers, Tom Vander Ark, and David Cillay.

I've had the opportunity to previously meet and discuss customized learning with Tom Vander Ark, author of Getting Smart: How Digital Learning is Changing the World and CEO of Getting Smart, a education advocacy firm, but I'm excited to hear his newest thoughts on the subject and how learning is becoming more competency-based.

Dr. Cillay, Vice President of WSU Global Campus, led the 2012 launch of the Global Campus, which includes WSU’s online degree program. His responsibilities include expanding WSU’s market share, supporting faculty in technological innovation and using e-learning tools to ensure that WSU remains open and accessible. I'm also excited to learn from this presentation as it should add great value to what we are trying to accomplish with digital delivery at the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education.

Please join the discussion on Twitter at: #DLFTalk and click here to watch this free live event!




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Assessment Study Guides from the CareerTech Testing Center

The CareerTech Testing Center (CTTC) works closely with instructors, industry representatives and credentialing entities to identify and develop assessments and assessment preparation materials that are aligned with recognized industry standards.

Study guides are designed to help students prepare for the assessments. Each study guide includes:
  • information about the assessments within a content area
  • the standards upon which each assessment is based
  • test plans
  • practices questions
  • test-taking strategies
  • many study guides also include a crosswalk to instructional materials that may be used during instruction or when studying for assessments.
CTTC assessments are directly aligned to assessments needed to obtain credentials that are required and/or valued by industry. Assessments measure how well the student has mastered the content deemed important by industry, and while passing a CTTC assessment is no guarantee of future success, it does provide an indication of whether or not the student is ready for certification or licensure.

Click here for Study Guides and please contact us if you have any questions!

The CareerTech Testing Center has been developing skills standards and online tests since 1980 as we work closely with instructors, program administrators, industry representatives, and credentialing entities to ensure that our study guides and assessments reflect national standards and local industry needs.




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The Educator's Guide to Hashtags

Follow us on Twitter!  @CareerTechTest
Whether you're a social media novice or not, hashtags may seem confusing and inessential. These short links (hashtags) preceded by the pound sign (#) are integral to the way we communicate online and it's important to know how to use them.

Can hashtags be fun? Absolutely!

On Twitter, the pound sign (or hash) turns any word or group of words into a searchable link. This allows you to organize content and track discussion topics based on those keywords. So, if you want to post about the NFL Super Bowl, you would include #SuperBowl in your tweet to join the conversation (or simply search for the hashtag to follow the discussion). Clicking on a hashtag will allow you to see all the posts that mention the subject in real time.

I also recommend using a social media management platform, such as HooteSuite, TweetDeck, etc., where you can create columns with hashtag topics.  I like the ability to monitor several discussions, i.e. #edchat, #lrnchat, #careerteched, at once and all on the same screen.

I've created a list of popular educational hashtags and tried to categorize them for you (see below). It definitely isn't all inclusive, but it's a good starting point and I hope you will share any new educational hashtags you find interesting and helpful!  (Also, hashtags are now a staple to social media and their use has been extended to other social media platforms.)


Popular Educational Hashtags


Hashtag Category

Career and Technology Education
#careerteched
#CTE
#vision15



College
#highered



Curriculum
#cchat



Distance Education
#disted
#elearning
#k12online
#mlearning
#onlinelearning



Groups and Chats
#edchat Educational Technology
#educhat Education Chat
#lrnchat Social Media and Education
#oklaed Oklahoma Education Chat



Instruction/Learning
#blendchat Blended Learning
#blendedlearning Blended Learning
#education
#elearning Electronic Learning
#flipclass Blended Learning
#GBL Game-Based Learning
#ntchat New Teachers
#onlinelearning Blended Learning
#pbl/#pblchat Project-Based Learning
#studentcentered Blended Learning
#teachered
#teachers



Language
#bilingual
#efl English as a Foreign Language
#ell English Language Learning
#esl English as a Second Languae
#tesol Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages



Leadership
#edleadership
#eduleaders



Resources
#education
#educational videos
#educationresources
#learning
#lessonplans
#library
#research
#teachers
#TLChat Twitter Librarians
#TT Teacher Tuesday where educators suggest others to follow



Special Needs
#gifted Gifted Education
#GTChat Gifted Education
#spedchat Special Education



Science
#STEM



Technology
#1:1
#apps
#blendchat Blended Learning
#BYOD Bring Your Own Device
#EdApps Educational Apps
#edtech Educational Technology
#edtechchat Educational Technology
#elearning Electronic Learning
#ipadchat iPad
#iNACOL International Association of Online Learning
#iste International Society for Technology in Education
#mlearning Mobile Learning
#mobile Mobile Learning
#slide2learn iDevices and Learning
#vitalcpd Effective Use of Technology in the Classroom
#web20






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Blended Learning and Career and Technology Education - Part I: The Definition


In this four-part series, I’ll define blended learning, discuss the models of blended learning, the implications for career and technical education, and how the Curriculum, Assessment, and Digital Delivery (CADD) areas of the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education can assist in the implementation of blended learning.

Technology has created a personalized access to the world where we can connect and learn… where we can create and share.  Almost every aspect of our lives have been changed by technology, except... education.

Over the last few years, I’ve entered into blended learning discussions with various people, including educators, and I’m always surprised at their perception of blended learning.  Many believe blended learning occurs when any type of computer-based learning takes place within the classroom.  In many instances, I would define what is occurring as technology-rich instruction, but there is a difference.

Blended learning is the combination of online learning and brick and mortar schools with teachers who enable students to learn at their own pace.  Why is this important?  Because many students learn in different ways and this allows each student to optimize their learning.  Quite simply, the purpose of blended learning is to take the best of traditional education and blend it with the power of online learning which allows for a more personalized and interactive learning experience.  Each teacher has the opportunity to review data, in the moment, and determine where the student is at and to form instruction for the next period or the next day.  Blended learning also puts the student in charge of their own learning which, to me, is a very valuable lesson in itself.

According to the Clayton Christensen Institute for Disruptive Education, blended learning “goes beyond one-to-one computers and high-tech gadgets. Blended learning involves leveraging the Internet to afford each student a more personalized learning experience, including increased student control over the time, place, path, and/or pace of learning.

The definition of blended learning is a formal education program in which a student learns:


at least in part through online learning, with some element of student control over time, place, path, and/or pace;




at least in part in a supervised brick-and-mortar location away from home;




and the modalities along each student’s learning path within a course or subject are connected to provide an integrated learning experience.”

See more at: http://www.christenseninstitute.org/blended-learning/#sthash.AWqDXtoh.dpuf

The key difference between blended learning and other forms of education is on its emphasis on personalized learning.  The International Association for Online Learning (iNACOL) defines personalized learning as, “Tailoring learning for each student’s strengths, needs and interests–including enabling student voice and choice in what, how, when and where they learn–to provide flexibility and supports to ensure mastery of the highest standards possible.” As you can see, the two definitions overlap, but blending learning adds online learning and leveraging the internet to personalize an individual’s learning experience.

Next- Blended Learning and Career and Technology Education - Part II: Blended Learning Models




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Blended Learning and Career and Technology Education - Part II: Blended Learning Models


In this four-part series, I’ll define blended learning, discuss the models of blended learning, the implications for career and technical education, and how the Curriculum, Assessment, and Digital Delivery (CADD) areas of the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education can assist in the implementation of blended learning.

As I mentioned in the first post in this series, technology has created a personalized access to the world where we can connect and learn… where we can create and share.  Almost every aspect of our lives have been changed by technology, except... education.

I believe blended learning can have a profound effect upon career and technology education in many instructional ways which will be discussed in the next post.  There are certain elements of blended learning that already occur in CTE and some may be doing an excellent job as I write this, but I’m not aware of research that helps decide if one model works better with any certain occupational area (if you know of any research in this area, PLEASE SHARE!!).

The Clayton Christensen Institute for Disruptive Education defines blended learning as “a formal education program in which the student learns:

(1) at least in part through online learning, with some element of student control over time, place, path, and/or pace;

(2) at least in part in a supervised brick-and-mortar location away from home;

(3) and the modalities along each student’s learning path within a course or subject are connected to provide an integrated learning experience.”

The Models 

The majority of blended-learning programs resemble one of four models: Rotation, Flex, A La Carte, and Enriched Virtual. The Rotation model includes four sub-models: Station Rotation, Lab Rotation, Flipped Classroom, and Individual Rotation.

1. Rotation model — a course or subject in which students rotate on a fixed schedule or at the teacher’s discretion between learning modalities, at least one of which is online learning. Other modalities might include activities such as small-group or full-class instruction, group projects, individual tutoring, and pencil-and-paper assignments. The students learn mostly on the brick-and-mortar campus, except for any homework assignments.

a. Station Rotation — a course or subject in which students experience the Rotation model within a contained classroom or group of classrooms. The Station Rotation model differs from the Individual Rotation model because students rotate through all of the stations, not only those on their custom schedules.

b. Lab Rotation – a course or subject in which students rotate to a computer lab for the online-learning station.

c. Flipped Classroom – a course or subject in which students participate in online learning off-site in place of traditional homework and then attend the brick-and-mortar school for face-to-face, teacher-guided practice or projects. The primary delivery of content and instruction is online, which differentiates a Flipped Classroom from students who are merely doing homework practice online at night.

d. Individual Rotation – a course or subject in which each student has an individualized playlist and does not necessarily rotate to each available station or modality. An algorithm or teacher(s) sets individual student schedules.

2. Flex model — a course or subject in which online learning is the backbone of student learning, even if it directs students to offline activities at times. Students move on an individually customized, fluid schedule among learning modalities. The teacher of record is on-site, and students learn mostly on the brick-and-mortar campus, except for any homework assignments. The teacher of record or other adults provide face-to-face support on a flexible and adaptive as-needed basis through activities such as small-group instruction, group projects, and individual tutoring. Some implementations have substantial face-to-face support, whereas others have minimal support. For example, some Flex models may have face-to-face certified teachers who supplement the online learning on a daily basis, whereas others may provide little face-to-face enrichment. Still others may have different staffing combinations. These variations are useful modifiers to describe a particular Flex model.

3. A La Carte model — a course that a student takes entirely online to accompany other experiences that the student is having at a brick-and-mortar school or learning center. The teacher of record for the A La Carte course is the online teacher. Students may take the A La Carte course either on the brick-and-mortar campus or off-site. This differs from full-time online learning because it is not a whole-school experience. Students take some courses A La Carte and others face-to-face at a brick-and-mortar campus.

4. Enriched Virtual model — a course or subject in which students have required face-to-face learning sessions with their teacher of record and then are free to complete their remaining coursework remote from the face-to-face teacher. Online learning is the backbone of student learning when the students are located remotely. The same person generally serves as both the online and face-to-face teacher. Many Enriched Virtual programs began as full-time online schools and then developed blended programs to provide students with brick-and-mortar school experiences. The Enriched Virtual model differs from the Flipped Classroom because in Enriched Virtual programs, students seldom meet face-to-face with their teachers every weekday. It differs from a fully online course because face-to-face learning sessions are more than optional office hours or social events; they are required.



Next- Blended Learning and Career and Technology Education - Part III: Blended Learning Implications for CTE




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CIMC Introduces New Online Catalog

CIMC introduces the next generation of our online catalog, featuring curriculum and assessment products.

CIMC Online Catalog
CIMC is excited to offer our new interactive catalog which serves as a hub for the field to access agency products and services.  The only thing that has changed with the catalog is everything – users will notice a professional look and feel, enhanced graphics, links to resources, suggested products, and the ability to pay with a credit card, purchase order, or check.

We are thrilled to offer an improved and interactive experience that allows users to find their favorite products and services – the only thing that hasn’t changed.  As always, our skills standards, curriculum, and assessments create the perfect foundation for competency-based instruction, in Oklahoma and beyond.
Take a moment to discover the new online catalog and see how we've changed. We are committed to your satisfaction and welcome your feedback!
CIMC is part of the Curriculum, Assessment, and Digital Delivery (CADD) division of the Department of Career and Technology Education. For additional information on our products and services, please visit:




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Blended Learning and Career and Technology Education - Part III: Implications for Career and Technical Education


In this four-part series, I’ll define blended learning, discuss the models of blended learning, the implications for career and technical education, and how the Curriculum, Assessment, and Digital Delivery (CADD) areas of the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education can assist in the implementation of blended learning.

Here are several ways that blended learning can have a profound effect upon career and technology education:

Personalized instruction – Blended learning allows for a more personalized and interactive learning experience by putting the student in charge of their own learning.  Taking the best of traditional education and blending it with the power of online learning will provide the teacher an opportunity to review data, in the moment, determine where the student is at and to form instruction for the next period or the next day.

Increased monitoring – The use of a student information, assessment, and gradebook systems that link to the LMS provides instant feedback on assignments and assessments.  This allows the instructor to spend time reviewing student data, adjust instruction, and provide additional classroom or individual instruction. 

Open entry/Open exit – Blended learning fits nicely with competency-based learning and the concept of open entry/open exit.  Personalized instruction and increased monitoring will allow the instructor to more accurately determine when tasks and competencies are achieved.

Increased enrollments – Depending on the blended learning model and the CTE program being offered, enrollments could potentially be increased.

Increased performance gains – “The Rise of K–12 Blended Learning - Profiles of emerging models” by Heather Staker profiles 40 educational entities. Not every school reported gains and some thought it was too early to verify results, but many posted positive gains when compared to the traditional classrooms within the same district.  For example:

“School of One - Students in summer 2009 acquired new math skills at a rate estimated to be
seven times faster than peers. Students in spring 2010 showed gains that, when
annualized, would equate to 1/2 to 2/3 of an additional year of gain. Students in
spring 2010 showed significant gains across all academic quartiles.”

Other potential benefits from this study include increased retention rates, an increase in teacher/parent contacts, increased course completion rates, a strengthening of curriculum offerings, and lower instructional costs.

As you can see, blended learning can have the potential to benefit the student, the instructor, and the parents in a careertech setting.  Again, I’m not aware of any research that helps decide if one model works better with any certain occupational area (if you know of any research in this area, PLEASE SHARE!!).




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Blended Learning and Career and Technology Education - Part IV: Implementing Blended Learning With Resources from the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education



In this four-part series, I’ll define blended learning, discuss the models of blended learning, the implications for career and technical education, and how the Curriculum, Assessment, and Digital Delivery (CADD) areas of the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education can assist in the implementation of blended learning.

Photo courtesy of the Clayton Christensen Institute
Blended learning is a shift to an online instructional delivery for a portion of the day to make students, teachers, and schools more productive, both academically and financially.  We all know there’s no single right approach to building the “perfect” model for blended learning as communities have different resources, classrooms, computers, schedules, and many other unique needs.  A school doesn’t always have the resources or the expertise to select and purchase a learning management system (LMS), design lessons, or write assessments, but there are available resources.

Did you know that the Curriculum, Assessment, and Digital Delivery areas of the Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education can assist in the implementation of blended learning?  The National Technology Plan acknowledges the challenges of raising college and career-ready standards without a significant investment of new funding so check out our online catalog and search the following links for additional information and see how we can assist you in blending digital and teacher led instruction to personalize learning for each student.







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Some of the Best Educational iPad and Android Apps for Teachers


Educational Technology and Mobile Learning provides a list of some of the best iPad apps curated for learning and instructional purposes.

The list is divided into 19 sections with each containing a list of apps for a specific need. The sections include apps that facilitates:

  1. presentation
  2. screencasting
  3. video creation
  4. file storage
  5. whiteboard
  6. PDF annotation
  7. audio recording
  8. note-taking
  9. blogging
  10. book creation
  11. comic apps
  12. digital storytelling apps
  13. apps for grading
  14. mindmapping apps
  15. portfolio apps
  16. apps for creating posters
  17. apps for creating timelines
  18. apps for creating word clouds
  19. speech-to-text apps
 Educational Technology and Mobile Learning also provides a list of 10 indispensable Android apps for teachers. The list is curated from the top trending apps in the education section of Google Play store. The listed apps are as follows:
  1. Book Creator
  2. Handouts
  3. Remind
  4. Google Keep
  5. ClassDojo
  6. Nearpod
  7. Socrative Teacher
  8. Edmodo
  9. Google Classroom
  10. Explain Everything




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Seven golden foundations of good electrical installation work

This technical article deals with the practical aspects of commercial and industrial electrical installation work. It is of the utmost importance that the practical task be done in the appropriate manner. Electrical installations in commercial and industrial settings are often... Read more

The post Seven golden foundations of good electrical installation work appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Five actions to achieve excellent energy savings in old electrical installations

Not all existing electrical installations lack energy efficiency, but most of them do. Especially if they were built 15-20 years ago and older. Although it is generally acknowledged that substantial energy savings are possible in most existing installations, the process... Read more

The post Five actions to achieve excellent energy savings in old electrical installations appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Six less known phenomena that can cause disturbance in electrical installations

In addition to the known phenomena of lightning and switching, numerous new sources, in particular power converters, can cause disturbance in installations. This disturbance, which is generated by the installation itself or carried by the system from external sources or... Read more

The post Six less known phenomena that can cause disturbance in electrical installations appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Practical design knowledge in harmonics distortion and power factor correction (PFC)

Nowadays, if you do not consider harmonics distortion when designing a new network, you missed the whole point of the network design. Yes, really. The sooner you realize that harmonics problems are on the rise, the better. Modern power networks... Read more

The post Practical design knowledge in harmonics distortion and power factor correction (PFC) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Visual Tasks of Typical Living Room Lighting

Most living rooms require flexible lighting design solutions because they serve a broad variety of changing functions. The lighting in a typical living room should comfortably serve small group conversation, larger social gatherings that include casual eating and drinking, and... Read more

The post Visual Tasks of Typical Living Room Lighting appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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An example of calculating the number of indoor lighting fixtures

These are the input data for the following calculation: An office area has length: 20 meter; meter; meter. The ceiling to desk is 2 meters. The area is to be illuminated to a general level of 250 lux using twin... Read more

The post An example of calculating the number of indoor lighting fixtures appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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31 Common Household Circuit Wirings You Can Use For Your Home (3)

1st part | 2nd part | 3rd part The list of the last eleven household circuit wirings: Three-way switches & light fixture (fixture at start of cable run) Three-way switches & light fixture (fixture at end of cable run) Three-way... Read more

The post 31 Common Household Circuit Wirings You Can Use For Your Home (3) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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31 Common Household Circuit Wirings You Can Use For Your Home (2)

1st part | 2nd part | 3rd part The list of the next ten household circuit wirings: Double receptacle circuit with shared neutral wire (receptacles alternate circuits) Double receptacle small-appliance circuit with GFCIs & shared neutral wire Double receptacle small... Read more

The post 31 Common Household Circuit Wirings You Can Use For Your Home (2) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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31 Common Household Circuit Wirings You Can Use For Your Home

The circuit wirings in this article show the most common wiring variations for typical electrical devices. Most new wiring you install will match one or more of the wirings shown. Find the wirings that match your situation and use them to... Read more

The post 31 Common Household Circuit Wirings You Can Use For Your Home appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.












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MV/HV switchgear (circuit breaker) switching capability and suitability for specific applications

Circuit breakers (CBs) do interrupt fault currents and close onto faults. Besides, they could be used as isolation devices like disconnectors. The CBs manufacturers’ brochures and standards provide extensive data to select and assess the CBs performance, but designers must... Read more

The post MV/HV switchgear (circuit breaker) switching capability and suitability for specific applications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Eleven most important calculations you can perform with power system analysis software

This technical article we will go through a number of existing applications for conducting a wide range of electrical studies. However, the practice says that studies involving load flow and fault analyses are the most commonly utilized programs in power transmission... Read more

The post Eleven most important calculations you can perform with power system analysis software appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Fundamental concepts of schematic drawings: Going deeper into analysis and design intricacies

Welcome to this comprehensive technical article that delves into the intricacies of electrical schematics, shedding light on crucial elements such as loops, wire connections, auxiliary contacts, MCBs, contactors, circuit breakers, isolators, earth switches, and terminal blocks. In the world of... Read more

The post Fundamental concepts of schematic drawings: Going deeper into analysis and design intricacies appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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A roadmap for engineers seeking mastery in the language of electrical schematics

In the intricate landscape of electrical engineering, the ability to decipher and interpret schematic drawings is a skill that separates the adept from the novice. This technical article delves into the art of understanding schematics, unraveling the complexities through a... Read more

The post A roadmap for engineers seeking mastery in the language of electrical schematics appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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11 factors that significantly influence the transformer price (Be careful when specifying)

The majority of utilities are normally extremely well aware of the economic aspects and savings that can be obtained at all stages of the transformer’s life cycle. This is because the purchase of a transformer involves a very high capital... Read more

The post 11 factors that significantly influence the transformer price (Be careful when specifying) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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The loop electrical distribution system used to supply bulk loads (industrial plants and buildings)

First, let’s say a word or two about the essentials of power distribution systems for our young electrical engineers. An electric distribution system, or distribution plant as it is sometimes called, is all of that part of an electric power... Read more

The post The loop electrical distribution system used to supply bulk loads (industrial plants and buildings) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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The essentials of electrical systems in cement plants

Many young engineers consider cement plants pretty complicated because of their weird technology. The reason probably lies in the fact that you cannot understand all those technologies unless you worked in such a plant and saw all processes from scratch.... Read more

The post The essentials of electrical systems in cement plants appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Guidelines for selecting the proper Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) for motor applications

This article addresses the Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) concept in several aspects that matter the most in selecting the proper VFD for applications. One of the important factors is the control type required for a given application since it is... Read more

The post Guidelines for selecting the proper Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) for motor applications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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EN61800-3 (IEC1800-3) – Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems

The countries of the European Economic Area (EEA) have agreed on common minimum regulatory requirements in order to ensure the free movement of products within the EEA. The CE marking indicates that the product works in conformity with the directives... Read more

The post EN61800-3 (IEC1800-3) – Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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UK Electrical Industry British Standards (BS)

These standards are the whole of the prescriptions on the basis of which machines, apparatus, materials and the installations should be designed, manufactured and tested so that efficiency and function safety are ensured – and all according to the UK Electrical... Read more

The post UK Electrical Industry British Standards (BS) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Jet pumps used for private well systems or low flow irrigation applications

Jet Pumps are mounted above ground and lift the water out of the ground through a suction pipe. Jets are popular in areas with high water tables and warmer climates. There are two categories of jet pumps and pump selection... Read more

The post Jet pumps used for private well systems or low flow irrigation applications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.




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Solar Panels and Feed-in Tariffs – The Intricacies of Solar Power

At its most basic, Solar Power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity; either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use a combination of lenses/mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area... Read more

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Photovoltaic End-Use Application Markets

Photovoltaic markets can be classified based on the end-use application of the technology. The most common PV projects are off-grid applications. Water pumping also represents an important application of PV, particularly in developing countries. The largest long-term market potential for... Read more

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Calculation Example of Small Photovoltaic (PV) Residential Stand-Alone System

– Array Size: 10, 12-volt, 51-watt modules; Isc= 3.25 amps, Voc= 20.7 volts – Batteries: 800 amp-hours at 12 volts – Loads: 5 amps DC and 500-watt inverterwith 90% efficiency. The PV modules are mounted on the roof. Single-conductor cables... Read more

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In Front Of The Third Electrical Systems Revolution in United States

A dizzying array of new energy technologies are reaching or nearing the marketplace. Newer choices to generate electricity include fuel cells, wind turbines, solar cells and microturbines. Energy storage is approaching practicality, for example through reversible fuel cells and flywheels.... Read more

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