The invention relates to a balancing device, having a measuring system for determining the rotational unbalance of a test object, comprising a spindle unit with a spindle, which is intended to hold the test object and rotate it at a test rotational speed, and a spindle mounting, by which the spindle unit is movably anchored on the machine base, such that the spindle unit can oscillate in a predetermined measuring direction as a result of the unbalance forces occurring during the measurement operation, and at least one sensor, which upon rotation of the spindle detects at least one unbalance characteristic variable occurring in the measuring direction, and a material removal system for balancing the test object by material removal in a predetermined site. The measuring system and the material removal system are designed such that material can be removed when the test object is held in the spindle.

The present invention relates to a bit for processing the inside diameter of a work material, the bit having on the outer surface of a shank a vibration preventing structure comprising a vibration absorption body made of a silicone material, and a hollow wire rod, thereby absorbing the vibration generated from a machine tool, preventing resonance generated between the work material and a tool, and thus, enabling the implementation of a slickenside from ultra-precision machining.

A cutting bit adapted to cut wood or metal is disclosed. The cutting bit is prepared by a process which includes the step of performing a forming operation on a metal blank so as to create a formed metal part that includes (i) a shaft having a polygonal shaped drive surface and defining an axis, (ii) a body having a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end of the body being attached to the shaft, the body further having a first shoulder and a second shoulder at the distal end thereof, the first shoulder defining a first cutting edge segment, and the second shoulder defining a second cutting edge segment, the axis extending between the first cutting edge segment and the second cutting edge segment, (iii) a central cutting member extending from the body so that the central cutting member is aligned with the axis, (iv) a first cutting spur extending from the distal end of the body, the first cutting edge segment being interposed between the first cutting spur and the axis, and (v) a second cutting spur extending from the distal end of the body, the second cutting edge segment being interposed between the second cutting spur and the axis. The process of preparing the cutting bit further includes the step of performing a carburization operation on the formed metal part after the first step so as to create the cutting bit. The cutting bit is particularly useful in performing a drilling operation on a metal construction wall stud to form a hole therein.

A rotary cutting tool includes a first end defined by a cutting profile and structured to perform cutting operations on a workpiece. The cutting tool also includes an opposite second end structured to be mounted in a machine tool, a central longitudinal axis extending between the first and second ends, and a generally cylindrical body disposed about the central longitudinal axis between the first end and the opposite second end. The cutting profile includes a first portion adjacent the central longitudinal axis and disposed generally at a first angle relative to the central longitudinal axis; a second portion adjacent the first portion and disposed generally at a second angle relative to the central longitudinal axis; and a third portion adjacent the second portion and disposed generally at a third angle relative to the central longitudinal axis. The second angle is greater than both the first and third angles.

A cutting tool holder has a holder body and upper and base jaws. An insert receiving pocket is defined between the upper and base jaw, for receiving a cutting insert therein. A resilience recess allows the upper jaw to deflect toward the base jaw. An upper jaw coolant channel has an upper jaw inlet, opening out to the resilience recess, and an upper jaw outlet, opening out to a front end of the upper jaw. A holder body coolant channel has a holder body outlet, opening out to the resilience recess, spaced apart from the upper jaw inlet. A compressible tool coolant plug, made of compressible material, is inserted into the resilience recess. The plug has a plug coolant channel opening out toward the upper jaw inlet and the holder body outlet, forming a fluid path from the holder body coolant channel to the upper jaw coolant channel.

A tool cartridge for a material removal tool has a cartridge body with, among other things, a recess extending through at least a portion of the cartridge body from a first side toward a second side, a long axis of the recess non-parallel to a long axis of the cartridge body and at least a portion of the recess open to a bottom side of the cartridge body, and a threaded opening for a differential screw proximate a second end of the tool body and positioned longitudinally between an opening for a clamping screw and at least a portion of a seat for a cutting tool insert. A thread axis of the threaded opening is at an angle G relative to a long axis of the tool cartridge. A material removal tool, a tool, and a method of adjusting a cutting tool insert are also disclosed.

A rotary-driven tool for cutting machining, in particular a drilling tool with a cutting body and a holder with a shaft piece is disclosed, with at least a cutter and a dovetail-shaped region on the cutting body and a matching dovetail recess on the holder. The cutting body can only be inserted in the holder laterally to a longitudinal axis of the holder. In order to fix the cutting body, opposing flank sections of the dovetail recess, between which the dovetail-shaped region fits can be moved over each other by means of a screw connection in the holder and on fixing the cutting body said body is subjected to a force on the axial direction by the screw connection. In one aspect, the cutting body is a cutting head and the axial force is exclusively generated by the dovetail-shaped region in cooperation with the dovetail recess in the holder.

A cutting tool has at least one cutting tool support pad. The cutting tool support pad includes two opposing primary surfaces, each primary surface includes an abutment surface and at least one convex contact surface. For each primary surface, the at least one contact surface extends outwardly further than the abutment surface.

A cutting head has a resilient male coupling member. The cutting head has a central resilience slit that extends between two major surfaces and opens out to the male coupling member and at least one lateral resilience slit that extends between the two major surfaces and opens out to a base surface. The central resilience slit and the at least one lateral resilience slit each have forwardmost points, located forward of the base surface. Also, a cutting tool that has a tool holder with the cutting head secured thereto. The tool holder has an insert pocket that includes a forward facing holder base abutment surface that has a female coupling member. In a locked position, the male coupling member is resiliently retained in the female coupling member. All points on the male coupling member are under deflection.

A cutting tool has a tool shank and a replaceable cutting head resiliently secured to the tool shank by an interference fit between a male fixation member of the cutting head and a female fixation member of the tool shank. The male fixation member has a resilience slit. In each cross section of the cutting tool taken perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the cutting tool through mutual abutment regions, the cross sectional profiles of the mutual abutment regions are arcuate sectors.

A cutting tap includes a body having an axial forward end and an axial rearward end. The body has a threaded body portion with spiral flutes adjacent the axial forward end, a cylindrical shank portion adjacent the axial rearward end. The threaded body portion includes a chamfered fluted section and a constant diameter section. The threads have a chamfer relief extending radially inward from the cutting edge to a heel of a land. The amount of chamfer relief reaches a maximum value at a point between the cutting edge and the heel, and then becomes smaller between the point of maximum relief and the heel of the land to provide a clearance that reduces the propensity of the tap to chip.

A multiple tool device, particularly adapted to prepare tubular elements to be welded by electrofusion, comprising a cup member which is associable with the end portion of a tubular element and is provided with motion transmission means adapted to turn the multiple tool device. The particularity of the present invention resides in that it comprises scraper means adapted to remove the outer surface layer of the end portion and facing means which have a working motion that is opposite with respect to the preceding means and are adapted to face the edge of the end portion so as to make it perpendicular to the axis of the tubular element.

Material removal tool (100), such as for forming surfaces of valve seats, includes an integral or separable reduced diameter circumferential insert housing (106) including a plurality of inserts (120) bonded thereto. The plurality of inserts (120) include cutting surfaces (122) at different axial and radial positions relative to the axis (112) of the material removal tool (100). Cutting surfaces (122) at different axial and radial positions are arranged at different angles to the axis (112), and at least one cutting surface (122) on at least one insert is at an angle of about 45 degrees relative to the axis (112). Cutting surfaces (122) can be located on one insert-type or different insert-types and can have different combinations of cutting surfaces (122). When arranged circumferentially on the insert housing (106), a N-effective material removal tool (100) is formed. Methods of machining using the N-effective material removal tool (100) is also disclosed.

A cutting head having a cutting end and an opposite coupling end along a longitudinal cutting head axis; having a cutting head length; and including two major surfaces and a peripheral surface. A male coupling portion extends rearwards from the coupling end, between a base portion and a rear surface, with a circumferential peripheral surface, having a coupling length. A flexibility slot extends from the rear surface opening to the major surfaces, along the cutting head axis, having a slot length and a head slot length. The coupling length is equal to or less than half the head slot length, and the slot length is equal to or greater than half the cutting head length. The cutting head is self-clamped into a tool shank with female coupling portion, by a friction fit between the male and female portion peripheral surfaces, causing the cutting head to elastically deform.

A material removal having a plurality of cartridges mounted on an active portion where a plurality of seating members mounted in each of the plurality of cartridges pivots about an axis between a retracted position and an extended position is disclosed. Alternative embodiments have a single pivotable seating member. The pivotable extending seating members operate to extend and retract in a scissors-like motion and enable compact and efficient machining operation, particularly for crank shaft bearing supports.

At a contact step in a tool radius adjusting method, a reference portion of a movable body provided radially movably on a housing of a boring tool and a position adjusting reference member fixed on a machine tool are brought into contact by sliding the movable body relative to the housing so that the position of a cutting blade comes to a predetermined position in a direction to go away from a rotational axis. Then, at an adjusting step, the position of the cutting blade relative to the rotational axis is adjusted by changing the relative position between a tool spindle holding the boring tool and the position adjusting reference member in a direction to come close to each other by drive mechanisms of the machine tool used for positioning a spindle head with the tool spindle relative to a workpiece in machining the workpiece with the cutting blade.

This invention relates to a screw tap which is rotatable about a rotational axis and has a number of thread-cutting teeth, which respectively have a radially outer tip cutter and are disposed mutually offset, with a predefined thread pitch, in an arrangement running spirally or helically around the rotational axis. In a lead region adjoining one end of the screw tap axially to the rotational axis, the maximum radial distance of the tip cutters of the thread-cutting teeth from the rotational axis increases with increasing axial distance of the tip cutters from one end of the screw tap according to a predefined radial distance function. At least some of the thread-cutting teeth in the lead region, at least in the region of the tip cutters, respectively have a defined cutter rounding between tool face and tool flank.

The invention relates to a multi-blade solid carbide drill for cutting high-strength sandwich materials. The tool comprises a shaft section and an adjoining cutting part, into which a number of chip flutes that corresponds to the number of main blades is incorporated. In order to reinforce the curvature of the resulting chip, the chip flute of the drill comprises a chip flute rib in the region of the chip formation zone, said rib protruding from the chip flute surface and having a substantially wave-shaped cross-section (28), and said rib dividing the chip flute into two sections, a first chip flute section (30) forming the cutting rake and a second chip flute (32) forming the chip flute runout.

A composite resistor includes a thin film resistor element having a first temperature coefficient of resistance and a metal resistor element having a second temperature coefficient of resistance. A portion of the metal resistor element overlaps a portion of the thin film resistor element such that the portion of the metal resistor element is in thermal communication with the portion of the thin film resistor element to compensate for a resistance drift arising during operation of the composite resistor.

Provided is a technique to secure compositional or microstructural uniformity of a ceramic sintered body while increasing the area of the ceramic sintered boy, thus improving basic performance including non-linearity, maximum withstand energy and aging characteristics. A plurality of small varistor pieces 11 and insulating resin are kneaded and extruded for shaping, whereby a sheet-form varistor layer 13 can be formed where a plurality of small varistor pieces 11 are spaced from one another and are aligned on the same plane, and the adjacent small varistor pieces 11 are bonded via insulating resin.

A chip thermistor has a thermistor portion including a ceramic material containing respective metal oxides of Mn, Ni, and Co as major ingredients; a pair of composite portions including a composite material of Ag—Pd, and respective metal oxides of Mn, Ni, and Co and arranged on both sides of the thermistor portion so as to sandwich in the thermistor portion between the composite portions; and external electrodes connected to the pair of composite portions, respectively. In this manner, the pair of composite portions are used as bulk electrodes and, for this reason, the resistance of the chip thermistor can be adjusted mainly with consideration to the resistance in the thermistor portion without need for much consideration to the distance between the external electrodes and other factors.

A current sensor packaged in an integrated circuit package to include a magnetic field sensing circuit, a current conductor and an insulator that meets the safety isolation requirements for reinforced insulation under the UL 60950-1 Standard is presented. The insulator is provided as an insulation structure having at least two layers of thin sheet material. The insulation structure is dimensioned so that plastic material forming a molded plastic body of the package provides a reinforced insulation. According to one embodiment, the insulation structure has two layers of insulating tape. Each insulating tape layer includes a polyimide film and adhesive. The insulation structure and the molded plastic body can be constructed to achieve at least a 500 VRMS working voltage rating.

A temperature detector for a contact thermometer of process measurement technology having a thermowell, at least one thermal sensor element arranged in a process-side end of the thermowell, and at least one electrical connecting means connected to the thermal sensor element with a first connection side and extending in the thermowell at least up to an evaluation-side end of the thermowell, so that the thermal sensor element can be electrically contacted via a second connection side of the electrical connecting means, and in which the electrical connecting means is formed by a connection printed circuit board with conducting paths.

A surface mounting varistor for high voltages and current pulses without any risk of burning a mounting board is provided. A covering material for a varistor 1 has a duplex (two layer) structure made from a first mold layer 13 and a second mold layer 15, and a leg with a predetermined height is formed on the bottom of the covering material. As a result, a space (void) formed between a varistor element 2 and a mounting board 20 when the varistor 1 is mounted on the board 20 allows avoidance of the risk of burning the board 20, even if the varistor short-circuits.

A resistance-type touch panel includes a first electrode plate and the second electrode plate spaced from and opposite to the first electrode plate. The first electrode plate includes a first substrate and a first transparent conductive layer. The second electrode plate includes a second substrate and a second transparent conductive layer. The first transparent conductive layer includes a carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film includes a number of carbon nanotube wires substantially parallel with each other and a number of carbon nanotube clusters located between the number of carbon nanotube wires. The carbon nanotube wires extend along an X direction and are spaced from each other along a Y direction. The carbon nanotube clusters between each adjacent two of the carbon nanotube wires are spaced from each other along the X direction. The X direction is intercrossed with the Y direction.

Illustrative embodiments of force sensitive input devices and methods are disclosed. In at least one embodiment, an input device may comprise a first input key configured to output a first analog signal as a function of force applied to the first input key, a second input key configured to output a second analog signal as a function of force applied to the second input key, a third input key configured to output a third analog signal as a function of force applied to the third input key, a fourth input key configured to output a fourth analog signal as a function of force applied to the fourth input key, and a controller configured to output movement data including both direction and magnitude in response to the first, second, third, and fourth analog signals, where the movement data is formatted for presentation to a driver of a computing device.

A device for inputting command signals to a marine vessel control system includes a lever that is selectively operable in a joystick mode and a lever mode. In the lever mode, the lever is confined to pivoting about a horizontal axis to thereby input throttle and shift commands to the control system. In the joystick mode, the lever is freely pivotable in all directions away from a vertical axis that is perpendicular to the horizontal axis to thereby input throttle, shift, and directional commands to the control system.

A wiring substrate includes a substrate main body having a first main face and a second main face opposite the first main face; a resistor formed on the first main face; a plurality of first-main-face-side wiring layers which are each formed on the resistor and which each include a grounding metal layer formed of a metal having a resistance lower than that of the resistor and a conductor layer formed on the grounding metal layer; a second-main-face-side wiring layer formed on the second main face; and a via which is formed in the substrate main body and which establishes electrical connectivity between the first-main-face-side wiring layers and the second-main-face-side wiring layer. The wiring substrate further includes a conductive covering layer which covers an upper surface and substantially covers the side surfaces of each of the first-main-face-side wiring layers.

A surface-mountable over-current protection device comprises one PTC material layer, first and second connecting conductors, first and second electrodes and an insulating layer. The PTC material layer has a resistivity less than 0.2 Ω-cm, and comprises crystalline polymer and conductive filler dispersed therein. The first and second connecting conductors are capable of effectively dissipating heat generated from the PTC material layer. The first and second electrodes are electrically connected to first and second surfaces of the PTC material layer through the first and second connecting conductors, respectively. The dissipation factor depending on the ratio of the total area of the electrodes and the conductors to the area of the PTC material layer is greater than 0.6. At 25° C., the value of the hold current of the device divided by the product of the area of the PTC material layer and the number of the PTC material layer is greater than 1A/mm2.

According to one embodiment, a touch panel includes first interconnections, second interconnections, sensor units and a control unit. The first interconnections are arranged along a first direction, and extend along a second direction intersecting with the first direction. The second interconnections are arranged along a third direction intersecting with the first direction, and extend along a fourth direction intersecting with the third direction. The sensor units are provided in intersection portions of the first and second interconnections, include first and second ferromagnetic layers, and an intermediate layer, allow a current to be passed, and have one end connected to the first interconnections and another end connected to the second interconnections. The control unit is connected to the first and second interconnections. An electric resistance of the sensor units changes in accordance with a stress applied. The control unit senses a change in the electric resistance.

A thermal, flow measuring device for determining and/or monitoring the flow of a measured medium through a measuring tube. The thermal, flow measuring device includes: a first pin-shaped shell and at least a second pin-shaped shell; a first resistance thermometer and at least a second resistance thermometer. At least the first resistance thermometer is embodied so as to be heatable, wherein the resistance thermometers, in each case, have a first surface, and at least a second surface, which lies opposite the first surface. The first pin-shaped shell surrounds the first resistance thermometer, and the second pin-shaped shell surrounds the second resistance thermometer. The pin-shaped shells are fillable with a fill material. In each case, at least one spacer is placeable between the pin-shaped shell and the first surface of the resistance thermometer, and the second surface of the resistance thermometer is at least partially covered with fill material.

A surface mountable over-current protection device having upper and lower surfaces comprises a PTC device, first and second electrodes, and first and second circuits. The PTC device comprises a PTC material layer and first and second conductive layers. The PTC material layer is disposed between the conductive layers and comprises crystalline polymer and conductive filler dispersed therein. The first electrode comprises a pair of first metal foils, whereas the second electrode comprises a pair of second metal foils. The first circuit connects the first electrode and conductive layer, and has a first planar line extending horizontally. The second circuit connects the second electrode and conductive layer, and has a second planar line extending horizontally. At least one of the planar lines has a thermal resistance sufficient to mitigate heat dissipation by which the over-current protection device undergoes a test at 25° C. and 8 amperes can trip within 60 seconds.

One or more embodiments provide for a device that utilizes voltage switchable dielectric material having semi-conductive or conductive materials that have a relatively high aspect ratio for purpose of enhancing mechanical and electrical characteristics of the VSD material on the device.

An electromagnetic field measuring apparatus capable of measuring an electromagnetic field for a minuscule area in which electronic devices are densely packed with a high sensitivity is provided. In an electromagnetic field measuring apparatus according to the present invention, the amplitude level of signal light (pf) is adjusted by the analyzer (34) by adjusting its angle with respect to the plane of polarization of the signal light (pf) based on an amplitude level control signal (eb) supplied from the calculation control unit (40). An amplitude level control signal (eb) is supplied from the calculation control unit (40) to the analyzer (34) based on the spectrum (ea) of an electric signal (ed) measured by an RF spectrum analyzer (39). The amplitude level ration between the carrier and the sideband contained in the signal light (ph) incident on the optical receiver (38) is controlled to a fixed value.

An over-current protection device has a PTC device, first and second electrodes and an insulation layer. The PTC device comprises first and second electrically conductive members and a PTC layer laminated between the first and second electrically conductive members. The first and second electrodes are electrically connected to the first and second electrically conductive members, respectively. The insulation layer is disposed on a surface of the first electrically conductive member. The device is a stack structure extending along a first direction, and comprises at least one hole extending along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The value of the covered area of the hole divided by the area of the form factor of the over-current protection device is not less than 2%, and the value of the thickness of the device divided by the number of the PTC devices is less than 0.7 mm.

A resistance component includes a stack of ceramic layers and inner electrodes. Inner electrodes of a first type are electrically conductively connected to a first external contact and inner electrodes of a second type are electrically conductively connected to a second external contact. The inner electrodes of the first type are arranged such that there is no overlap with the inner electrodes of the second type. An inner electrode of a third type, which is electrically conductively connected neither to the first external contact nor to the second external contact, at least partially overlaps the inner electrodes of the first type and the inner electrodes of the second type.

In a manufacturing method for a monolithic ceramic electronic component, a plurality of green chips arrayed in row and column directions which are obtained after cutting a mother block are spaced apart from each other and then tumbled, thereby uniformly making the side surface of each of the green chips an open surface. Thereafter, an adhesive is applied to the side surface. Then, by placing a side surface ceramic green sheet on an affixation elastic body, and pressing the side surface of the green chips against the side surface ceramic green sheet, the side surface ceramic green sheet is punched and stuck to the side surface.

A chip resistor includes an insulating substrate, top terminal electrodes formed on top surface of the substrate using silver-based cermet, bottom electrodes, resistive element that is situated between the top terminal electrodes and overlaps them partially, an optional internal protective coating that covers resistive element completely or partially, an external protective coating that covers completely the internal protection coating and partially covers top terminal electrodes, a plated layer of nickel that covers face sides of the substrate, top and bottom electrodes, and overlaps partially external protective coating, finishing plated layer that covers nickel layer. The overlap of nickel layer and external protective layer possesses a sealing property because of metallization of the edges of external protective layer prior to the nickel plating process.

The present disclosure provides a high-temperature thermal pellet composition that maintains structural rigidity up to a transition temperature of about 240° C. The composition comprises at least one organic compound (e.g., triptycene or 1-aminoanthroquinone). The pellet can be disposed in a housing of a thermally-actuated, current cutoff device, such as a high-temperature thermal cutoff device (HTTCO). Also provided are material systems, which include the pellet composition and a high-temperature seal that provides substantial sealing up to at least the transition temperature. Methods of making such high-temperature pellet compositions and incorporating them into a thermally-actuated, current cutoff device are also provided.

A controller for a DC motor comprises an output switching element configured to couple to the DC motor; an input switching element coupled to the output switching element; a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal coupled to a control terminal of the input switching element and a supply voltage applied to the output switching element. A resistive-capacitive (RC) network may be coupled to a control terminal of the output switching element, with the RC network being configured to integrate the PWM signal into a DC voltage. A first resistive network may be configured to set a bias for the output switching element when the input switching element is turned off, and a second resistive network may be configured to set the bias for the output switching element when the input switching element is turned on, such that the controller is effective to provide zero-to-full supply voltage control to the DC motor.

It is an object to provide a configuration with an enhanced sensing accuracy, in which a shunt resistance main body and a terminal member are formed as separate pieces. A shunt resistor includes a resistance main body and a terminal member (21) that is electrically connected to the resistance main body. The terminal member (21) includes a resistance connection portion (23) to be in contact with the resistance main body, and a circuit connection portion (24) provided so as to extend from the resistance connection portion (23). The circuit connection portion (24) is divided into two parts by a slit (27) being formed therein. The slit (27) is formed up to a part of the resistance connection portion (23).

Various aspects provide for structures and devices to protect against spurious electrical events (e.g., electrostatic discharge). Some embodiments incorporate a voltage switchable dielectric material (VSDM) bridging a gap between two conductive pads. Normally insulating, the VSDM may conduct current from one pad to the other during a spurious electrical event (e.g., shunting current to ground). Some aspects include gaps having a gap width that is greater than 50% of a spacing between electrical leads connected to the pads. Some devices include single layers of VSDM. Some devices include multiple layers of VSDM. Various devices may be designed to increase a ratio of active volume (of VSDM) to inactive volume.

The power source apparatus is provided with a shunt resistor connected in series with batteries, and a current computation circuit that detects the voltage induced by current flow through the shunt resistor to compute battery current. The shunt resistor is provided with a pair of current flow terminals at two separated points on a metal plate connected in series with the batteries via connecting leads, and a pair of voltage detection terminals on a side of the metal plate between the pair of current flow terminals. Further, the shunt resistor has interval adjustment structures to adjust the distance (L) between attachment points where the connecting leads attach to the pair of current flow terminals. The distance (L) between lead attachment points is adjusted with the interval adjustment structures to finely adjust the voltage induced at the voltage detection terminals due to current flow between the two attachment points.

A method of manufacturing a chip resistor includes forming a resistor assembly in which a conductive member including portions separated from each other in a first direction is provided in a resistance body member; and dividing the resistor assembly into chip resistors, each including a chip-shaped resistance body formed by a part of the resistance body member, a pair of main electrodes formed by a part of the conductive member and separated from each other in the first direction, and a pair of sub-electrodes formed by a part of the conductive member, separated from each other in the first direction, and adjacent to the main electrodes in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction with concave portions recessed in the first direction interposed therebetween, by punching.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus that allow production of metal plate chip resistors having a relatively low resistance with high accuracy and yield through simple process. The object is achieved by apparatus for manufacturing metal plate chip resistors including cutting mold for cutting intermediate product strip transversely to obtain worked product chip, ohm meter for measuring the resistance of the worked product chip, control device having a calculating part for performing a calculation using the resistance measured by the ohm meter to work out a width in which the strip is to be cut transversely so as to obtain a worked product chip of a desired resistance, and cutting width adjustor for making an adjustment so that the strip is to be cut transversely in the width obtained from the calculating part.

A spectrometer system for providing information about a target with terahertz radiation. The system may receive incident radiation from the target through fore optics, a slit aperture, secondary optics and a dispersive element which images a slit on an array of terahertz sensitive detectors. The detectors may include uncooled sensors. Each sensor may be connected to its own micro antenna. The array of detectors may be situated proximate to the dispersive element so that radiation from the element may be dispersed according to wavelength to the respective detectors optimally sensitive to the various respective wavelengths. Detector signals indicating the impingement of terahertz radiation may provide information for identifying a material of the target.

An apparatus and method for improved current shunt sensing in an electrical system, such as a renewable energy electrical system, is disclosed. A current shunt according to aspects of the present disclosure includes a conductive portion that is placed in series with an electrical system The current shunt includes a sensing element that is used to measure the voltage across the conductive portion of the current shunt. The sensing element has an increased width relative to the width of the conductive portion of the shunt. The increased width of the sensing element provides for improved current shunt sensing that results in more accurate voltage (and thus current) measurements across a wide range of frequencies.

Provided is a resistive element which has excellent inrush current resistance, and can suppress heat generation in a steady state. The resistive element has an element main body of a semiconductor ceramic in which the main constituent has a structure of R11-xR2xBaMn2O6 in which 0.05≦x≦1.0 when R1 is Nd and R2 is at least one of Sm, Eu and Gd; 0.05≦x≦0.8 when R1 is Nd and R2 is at least one of Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Y; 0≦x≦0.4 when R1 is at least one of Sm, Eu, and Gd and R2 is at least one of Tb, Dy, Ho, and Y; and 0≦x≦1.0 when R1 is at least one of Sm, Eu, and Gd and R2 is at least one of Sm, Eu, and Gd, but the Sm, Eu, and/or Gd in R1 is different from that in R2.

An axial resistance sheathed heater is presented. The axial resistance sheathed heater includes a retaining sheath having a first end and a second end and a resistance wire completely disposed within the retaining sheath. The heater further includes a first conductor rod partially disposed within the retaining sheath and extending beyond the first end of the retaining sheath, the first conductor rod in direct electrical communication and direct mechanical communication with the resistance wire; and a second conductor rod partially disposed within said retaining sheath and extending beyond the second end of the retaining sheath, the second conductor rod in direct electrical communication and direct mechanical communication with the resistance wire. The resistance wire, the first conductor rod and the second conductor rod comprise a circuit achieving a power to voltage rating of about 5000:24.

There is provided an array type chip resistor including: a chip body, four pairs of lower electrodes disposed on both sides of a lower surface of the chip body and formed so as to be extended to edges of the chip body, side electrodes formed so that the lower electrodes are extended to sides of the chip body, and a resistor interposed between the lower electrodes on the lower surface of the chip body and electrically connected to the lower electrode through a contact portion, wherein when a width of the side electrode is defined as d1, a distance between adjacent side electrodes is defined as d2, and a height of the side electrode is defined as h, in the case in which d1/d2 is 0.5 to 1.5, a value of h is 4,300/d1 μm or above and is 0.24d2+87.26 μm or less.