This article provides guidance on how to conduct gas monitoring and explains the various alerts that can be set. The many sorts of defects that might lead to partial discharges are discussed, and various partial discharge measuring techniques are described,... Read more

The post SF6 Gas Monitoring and Alarming Practices in Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) Systems appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

A few years ago we used to host some pieces written by Martin Wolff and Niu Quiang about their experiments in trying to teach English in new ways in China, which have since evolved into the China Holistic English site (link broken).

We are updating our site to incorporate the changes that have been made by the updates to the First Certicate in English (FCE) exam from Cambridge English.

Quite a lot of people post the same question in a number of ESL forums. The logic behind doing this is clear- you should be able to access a wider selection fof views and opinions and get better answers. However, things don't always work out the way people think and this process can lead to objections from the people answering.

This technical article aims to delve into various aspects of electrical connectivity, symbol representation, and isolation methodologies, shedding light on fundamental concepts and practical applications within the field. From the intricacies of electrical connection and circuit topology to the symbolism... Read more

The post Mastering Electrical Connectivity: From Circuit Topology to Switching Classifications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

In modern electrical power systems, ensuring a reliable and continuous supply of electricity is critical, particularly in facilities where downtime can result in significant operational disruptions and financial losses. Low voltage automatic transfer schemes at substations play a vital role... Read more

The post ATS Schematics and Logic Analysis for a Substation 415V AC Auxiliary Supply Panel appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Like it or not, hard times are in front of us, by all means. I won’t deal the hard times now, but instead, I’ll shortly say that it’s all about the energy resources and who owns them. It’s also not... Read more

The post Best practice in hard times: How to safeguard the hundreds and thousands of substations appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

January 12
Fourth Grade Community Project: Going to the Museum
Encourage your students to research and visit a museum in your community with these activities.

This article aims to cover the activity of electrical commissioning. Such a task in its entirety would be immense. Commissioning can mean many things in different instances. This article aims to give a philosophical and high level conceptual overview of... Read more

The post The Challenging Job of an Electrical Commissioning Engineer (Activities and Real World Examples) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Substation earthing, or grounding, is essential for electrical safety and reliability in substations, which are critical nodes in the power distribution network. Proper earthing ensures safe dissipation of fault currents into the ground, preventing dangerous voltage build-ups that could cause... Read more

The post Mechanical Check, Visual Inspection and Electrical Test of the Substation Grounding System (1) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Nowadays, the enormous energy consumption worldwide has taken a downturn due to the hiking energy prices. Whether it’s gas, oil, or coal, the rising costs forced many facilities worldwide to cut their energy expenses. This is a good moment to... Read more

The post How should facilities optimize their power consumption due to the hiking energy prices? appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

In the domain of electrical engineering, seal-in contacts stand as pivotal components in control circuits, ensuring the sustained operation of electrical devices beyond the initial activation. These mechanisms play a critical role in maintaining the energized state of circuit elements,... Read more

The post Mastering schematic drawings: Analyzing seal-in contacts in motor control circuits appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

To be honest, expertise in relay systems is fundamental for comprehension and creativity in circuits design. From bi-stable relays that maintain their states without continuous power to step relays facilitating incremental changes, and lockout relays guarding against unauthorized reenergization, each... Read more

The post The analysis of relay control systems: Electrical schematics with latch, step and lockout relays appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

At low voltage level, SCADA applications are usually used for process control and monitoring of equipment. Furthermore, incoming circuit breakers or switch disconnectors inside large LV switchboards may also be operated remotely, by the command given from the SCADA working... Read more

The post Field devices and signals used for LV SCADA operations appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

As you should already know, current transformers are used for metering and relay protection purposes. When we are talking about current transformers used for metering, their performance is of interest during normal loading conditions. Metering transformers may have very significant... Read more

The post Four special connections of current transformers in relay protection applications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

First, let’s remind ourselves of the basics in a few sentences. That is something you must know. A current transformer (CT) is designed to produce a secondary current which is accurately proportional to the primary current. It consists of a... Read more

The post IEC and NEMA/IEEE ratings of current transformers (CTs) in medium voltage applications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This article will shed some light on how adding capacitors gives the distribution system the necessary reactive power to return the power factor to the required level. Capacitors act as a source of reactive energy, which accordingly reduces the reactive... Read more

The post A few practical ways to determine required reactive energy compensation for a power system appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Most modern electronic equipment uses switched mode power supplies (SMPS) which draw pulses of current from the mains supply rather than a continuous sinusoidal current. The fast rise time edges of the current waveform contain high frequencies that can cause serious radio frequency... Read more

The post Few advice for improving integrity of protective conductor appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Let us remind ourselves of the basics of substation transformer parts, their operation principles, and do’s and don’ts for safety measures and precautions. For novice substation engineers it’s important to recognize every single detail of a transformer and later to... Read more

The post A quick reminder to substation transformer basics and safety precautions, dos and don’ts appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

As their name indicates, emergency operations are intended to eliminate, as quickly as possible, a danger that occurs unexpectedly. The emergency break is designed to cut off the electrical power, whereas the emergency stop takes account of the danger of... Read more

The post Emergency breaking, stop and isolation intended to eliminate danger as quickly as possible appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This technical article analyzes the safety requirements against indirect contact employed in particularly special medical locations (e.g., hospitals, medical, and dental practices, etc.), where environmental conditions may increase the risk of indirect contact and therefore the electroshock, precisely microshock. Generally... Read more

The post The ground is not just ground! At least not in hospitals, medical, and dental practices appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This technical article covers some specific considerations (modern power supply, electric distribution, transportation, lighting controls, and communication systems) for a few most common type of commercial facilities such as banks, colleges and universities, fire stations, health care facilities and office... Read more

The post Specific electrical design tips for a few most common types of commercial facilities appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The first protection devices based on microprocessors were employed in 1985. The widespread acceptance of numerical technology by the customer and the experiences of the user helped in developing the second generation numerical relays in 1990. Modem power system protection... Read more

The post The facts about numerical relays that every electrical engineer should know appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Learning and studying have never been easier than nowadays. Since we started the EEP Academy, there are thousands of electrical engineers, students, technicians, and many others who are literally hungry for knowledge and experience. This is where EEP’s contribution comes... Read more

The post Top ten courses on EEP Academy for electrical engineers, technicians and students appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

At the beginning of my career in 2005, I had the opportunity to work at a 500kV substation with the National Transmission and Dispatch Company in Pakistan. During this time, I was introduced to various tools and techniques that were... Read more

The post Mechanical Check, Visual Inspection and Electrical Test of the Substation Grounding System (2) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

In 2004, I embarked on an intensive nine-month training program in protection and instrumentation. This experience laid the foundation for my deep understanding of substation protection systems, combining both theoretical knowledge and practical application. The first protection scheme we delved... Read more

The post Mastering Distance Protection and Calculations Part 1: Advice and Serious Warnings appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The protection and fault clearance requires great attention. In terms of fault clearance protection, we categorize the relays into main protection relays and backup protection relays. The main protection relay is installed at all primary equipment, and it is essential... Read more

The post The art of fault clearance in transmission systems: The logic of main and backup relays appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

It is essential that the electrical engineers, or operators who will be in charge of switching, isolating, and earthing operations of the switchgear have a good understanding of the rules that must be followed. In addition, it is of the... Read more

The post Electrical thumb rules for switching, isolating and earthing appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Film Education is pleased to offer you FREE tickets for a school's screening of 'The Magic Tree'

Online resource featuring activities based on film stills and clips, suitable for KS3 English & Media, Geography, Citizenship and PSHE.

We’re pleased to announce lower prices on the resource packs in our shop, plus special multi-buy offers. Our packs offer great value and come with a free site license, so stock up for the new term!

Online support materials for the interactive educational CD-Rom aimed at 7 - 13 year olds to accompany the cinema release of The Adventures of TinTin: The Secret of the Unicorn

The Young Film Critic competition is open for entries from students aged 4-19. The supporting website features all the details, along with a brand new set of classroom resources to support entries.

FREE Cineschool screenings at the Tricycle Cinema in association with the cinema's International Film Season 2012

Film Education are holding an Education Programming Hub meeting for teachers at the Rich Mix Cinema on January 25th

Win the opportunity to attend the premiere of Disneynature’s African Cats in London by entering our writing competition for KS3 this Easter!

Preview screening for Secondary Schools as part of the Film Week and LFF tour in association with the BFI

Suitable for 14-19 PSHEE, citizenship, science, English and media, this topic page looks at Positive?, an interactive resource using film-based approaches to raise HIV awareness and challenge stigma

Book for our free schools screening of Valentin at London's Rich Mix cinema

 Free screening for secondary schools as part of Cineschool 2013

Free screening for schools at New Brighton Light Cinema as part of Cineschool

Free screening for primary and secondary schools as part of Cineschool 2013

With introduction by storyteller John Harben

Book now for our screening of Petit Nicholas for primary and secondary schools in Lewes

Welcome to the third and final part of our comprehensive series on current transformers (CTs) and their secondary circuits. In Parts 1 and 2, we covered various aspects of CT operation, secondary injection testing, burden calculations, CT circuit connections, safety... Read more

The post Advice and warnings for proper handling, earthing and testing of current transformers appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Let’s discuss the visual and mechanical inspection procedures for oil-filled power transformers. It’s important, very important to examine a variety of key checkpoints, both external and internal to transformers, all based on the IEC 60076 standard. Each item on the... Read more

The post Field secrets and warnings in power transformer mechanical check and visual inspection appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The objective of this technical article is to provide certain criteria and time intervals for conducting insulation tests on electric motors, generators and other electrical equipment. Testing is done to ensure that the equipment is intact and to provide a... Read more

The post Insulation tests on electric motors and generators: DC High Potential Testing (HiPot) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Utilities are under intense pressure to maximize the use of their current transformer asset base in order to keep rates down while yet providing excellent reliability. In order to achieve higher loading during both regular and emergency operations, long-standing loading... Read more

The post Managing power transformers in service: The most important economic aspects appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

With the exception of SF6-to-air bushings terminals, all active portions of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) are contained within grounded enclosures, which means that they are not susceptible to inadvertent contact. This makes gas-insulated switchgear intrinsically safe. In addition, numerous grounding procedures... Read more

The post Practical lesson in grounding and bonding of Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Choosing the power of a static UPS system serving a data center is a decision that involves various elements and which cannot be made before, or independently from, the choice of distribution scheme. The main elements to consider can be summarised... Read more

The post Sizing a Static UPS System In Data Center appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.