New Phrasal Verbs Entry: 'Come in' has just been added to the Phrasal Verbs area of UsingEnglish.com.

New Lesson Plans Entry: 'Countable and uncountable foods happy families card game' has just been added to the Lesson Plans area of UsingEnglish.com.

New Lesson Plans Entry: 'Relationships vocabulary bluffing game' has just been added to the Lesson Plans area of UsingEnglish.com.

New Lesson Plans Entry: 'Is there/ Are there and prepositions dice game' has just been added to the Lesson Plans area of UsingEnglish.com.

New Lesson Plans Entry: 'Reporting verbs storytelling and bluff card games' has just been added to the Lesson Plans area of UsingEnglish.com.

Parallel switching occurs when two or more circuit-breakers are tripped to interrupt a shared fault current. This is typically the case for such bus arrangements as a double breaker, breaker-and-a-half, breaker-and-a-third, and ring buses. Ideally, all of the circuit-breakers should... Read more

The post Parallel switching phenomenon when MV/HV circuit breakers interrupt a shared fault current appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Schematic drawings, also known as electrical or circuit diagrams, are essential tools for understanding and designing electrical circuits. Mastering schematic drawing is a fundamental skill for field engineers, allowing them to effectively troubleshoot, maintain, and modify electrical schemes. This technical... Read more

The post Fundamental concepts of schematic drawings for true field engineers (hands on HV schemes) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Welcome to this comprehensive technical article that delves into the intricacies of electrical schematics, shedding light on crucial elements such as loops, wire connections, auxiliary contacts, MCBs, contactors, circuit breakers, isolators, earth switches, and terminal blocks. In the world of... Read more

The post Fundamental concepts of schematic drawings: Going deeper into analysis and design intricacies appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The majority of utilities are normally extremely well aware of the economic aspects and savings that can be obtained at all stages of the transformer’s life cycle. This is because the purchase of a transformer involves a very high capital... Read more

The post 11 factors that significantly influence the transformer price (Be careful when specifying) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This technical article discusses the essentials of transformer differential protection and restricted earth fault protection schemes, contrasting the two and elaborating on why the latter is necessary. Furthermore, it reveals the outcomes of stability tests performed on a 502 MVA... Read more

The post Mastering stability test of power transformer: Differential and Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This technical article provides a collection of the common drawings that are sent by the manufacturer to the client for approval and reference. The goal of these drawings is to verify that the transformers that are going to be manufactured... Read more

The post Contract drawings for a power transformer – The checklist you should always follow appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This technical article provides an overview of the various choices and assists electrical engineers in determining the criteria that should be included in the transformer specifications in order to meet the requirements of their particular application. A power plant often... Read more

The post Transformers in plant power distribution: The bigger picture appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Electrical systems normally use current and voltage transformers for protection and measurement purposes. They represent the power system’s eyes and ears, and it’s essential to fully understand how they work, how to make the correct specification and most importantly, the... Read more

The post What steps should be taken to avoid choosing the incorrect current and voltage transformers? appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Many young engineers consider cement plants pretty complicated because of their weird technology. The reason probably lies in the fact that you cannot understand all those technologies unless you worked in such a plant and saw all processes from scratch.... Read more

The post The essentials of electrical systems in cement plants appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The audible sound radiated by transformers is generated by a combination of magnetostrictive deformation of the core and electromagnetic forces in the windings, tank walls and magnetic shields. Historically, the sound generated by the magnetic field inducing longitudinal vibrations in the... Read more

The post An Overview of IEC 60076-10 – Determination Of Sound Levels Of Power Transformers appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Efficiencies of fan systems vary considerably across impeller types. The average energy saving potential in these systems in the U.S. manufacturing industry is estimated at 6%. For optimal savings and performance, it is recommended that a systems approach is used.... Read more

The post Six energy efficiency improvement opportunities in fan systems appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Instrumentation consumes large amounts of compressed air at many individual locations in a textile plant, but these uses are susceptible to leakage. Most such leaks are at threaded connection points, rubber hose connections, valves, regulators, seals, and in old pneumatic... Read more

The post Eleven energy-efficiency improvement opportunities in compressed air systems appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

From a communication point of view, each system plays the role of either supplier or consumer of information, or more typically both. In addition to this intersystem communication, these systems consist of subsystems with specific internal communications. The following paragraphs... Read more

The post Conceptual Model of Smart Grid Framework by IEC appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Ambiguous words, delivered with earnest passion, lend special power to "Airline Living." It's the sort of song that's sure to force different meanings onto different people, depending upon their place in life and state of mind.

Here comes the New Year! As 2019 is coming to an end, it is time to take a glimpse at what was, but more importantly to look forward to what is yet to come. We all had some ups and... Read more

The post It’s time to go further. Engineers, Happy New Year 2020! appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Hello, hope all is well with you! It’s our pleasure to share with you two Cyber Monday deals for our new electrical engineers, expiring on December 3rd: 20% on EEP Pro Premium Membership and 30% off on all courses and... Read more

The post Your Cyber Monday in EEP! Save Big on Premium Membership and Video Courses appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Black Friday is gone, but Cyber Monday is here and it’s getting better! Let us share with you two Cyber Monday deals for our electrical engineers, expiring on December 3rd: 20% off on EEP Pro Premium Membership and 30% off... Read more

The post Cyber Monday in EEP! 30% off on courses and 20% off on premium membership! appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Black Friday is gone, but Cyber Monday is here and it’s getting better! It’s the Last Day!! Let us share with you two Cyber Monday deals for our electrical engineers, expiring on December 1st: 20% off on EEP Pro Premium... Read more

The post Cyber Monday in EEP! 30% off on courses and 20% off on PRO membership plan! appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Here we are at the conclusion of 2022, a year that was very stressful for all of us. There are many aspects about this year that will be remembered, but, in my opinion, the same as it was for 2021,... Read more

The post Well engineers, it’s about time… Pull the switch and enter the 2023! appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Despite ongoing advancements in measurement technology, instrumenting a process for feedback control remains a technical challenge. Today’s sensors are certainly more sophisticated than ever before, and fieldbus technology has simplified many installation issues considerably. Nonetheless, much can still go wrong... Read more

The post Selecting Wrong Sensor As a Mistake #1 In Instrumentation appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Generally speaking, there are four ‘Poors’ that can lead to incorrectly installing instrumentation sensors: Poor placement Poor control Poor protection Poor grounding Each of above sensor ‘poors’ are described below, and by the way… have you read what is the mistake No.1... Read more

The post Installing Sensors Incorrectly As a Mistake #2 In Instrumentation appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Capacitive voltage transformers (CVTs) are used on higher voltage levels, starting from 66 kV and upwards. The type of the CVT is always a single-pole one, thus the connection is between phase and earth. The higher the voltage level is,... Read more

The post Capacitive Voltage Transformers (CVT) For HV Measurements appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Power can be provided from mains power or from local gas turbines or diesel generator sets. Large facilities have high power demands, from 30 MW and upwards to several hundred MW. There is a tendency to generate electric power centrally... Read more

The post Typical electrical distribution scheme and SCADA system of an oil/gas production plant appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The printable daily warm-up helps students master important reading skills with a passage on American history and reading comprehension questions about Betsy Ross.

Passengers will be able to use their mobile phones as tickets from this spring London, 23rd April 2014 – Thames Clippers today announced that they have signed a five year contract with Masabi, the leader in mobile ticketing and payments for transit, to bring smartphone ticketing to its River Bus […]

The post Thames Clippers and Masabi to Launch Mobile Ticketing on Central London River Bus Services appeared first on Masabi.

Most compensation banks are controlled stepwise. For this purpose it is essential to ‘know’ when it is allowed to (de)activate a capacitor step by the power factor relay (controller). The so-called C/k value is calculated by the step size C... Read more

The post How To Control Reactive Power In Larger Electrical Plants With Multiple Incomers appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The purpose of a capacitor bank’s protective control is to remove the bank from service before any units or any of the elements that make up a capacitor unit are exposed to more than 110% of their voltage rating. When... Read more

The post How to control and protect capacitor banks before something goes wrong appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This approach assumes retrofitting and upgrading old substation secondary equipment such as intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), monitoring sensors, power apparatus, communication protocol and operating standards to improve the overall performance or reduce cost without disrupting the continuity of service. For... Read more

The post Secondary equipment you should always consider when retrofitting existing HV substation appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Like it or not, hard times are in front of us, by all means. I won’t deal the hard times now, but instead, I’ll shortly say that it’s all about the energy resources and who owns them. It’s also not... Read more

The post Best practice in hard times: How to safeguard the hundreds and thousands of substations appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to the standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the isolation, maintenance, and restoration of a 132kV GIS Transformer Bay and Line Bay. It will delve into detailed safety checks, specific steps to be... Read more

The post How to: Isolation, maintenance, and restoration of a 132kV GIS Transformer Bay and Line Bay appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Substation earthing, or grounding, is essential for electrical safety and reliability in substations, which are critical nodes in the power distribution network. Proper earthing ensures safe dissipation of fault currents into the ground, preventing dangerous voltage build-ups that could cause... Read more

The post Mechanical Check, Visual Inspection and Electrical Test of the Substation Grounding System (1) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

As you should already know, current transformers are used for metering and relay protection purposes. When we are talking about current transformers used for metering, their performance is of interest during normal loading conditions. Metering transformers may have very significant... Read more

The post Four special connections of current transformers in relay protection applications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

First, let’s remind ourselves of the basics in a few sentences. That is something you must know. A current transformer (CT) is designed to produce a secondary current which is accurately proportional to the primary current. It consists of a... Read more

The post IEC and NEMA/IEEE ratings of current transformers (CTs) in medium voltage applications appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The accurate measurement of the voltage, current or other parameter of a power system is a prerequisite to any form of control, ranging from automatic closed-loop control to the recording of data for statistical purposes. Measurement of these parameters can... Read more

The post How to make the right selection of a digital transducer for power system measurements appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Energy meters are one of the most important components for monitoring and data acquisition in a power system network with roles in every part of the power system network, from the generation to the commercialized end-users, through multiple transmission and... Read more

The post Energy metering in LV/MV substations and utilities: Dos and don’ts in installation and operation appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Voltage dips and transients are usually blamed on the supplier, but this is often unfair. There are many potential on-site causes; for example, starting of heavy loads may cause voltage dips and switching of inductive loads will generate transients. Let’s... Read more

The post Should We Blame Supplier For Voltage Dips and Transients? appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Let us remind ourselves of the basics of substation transformer parts, their operation principles, and do’s and don’ts for safety measures and precautions. For novice substation engineers it’s important to recognize every single detail of a transformer and later to... Read more

The post A quick reminder to substation transformer basics and safety precautions, dos and don’ts appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

As their name indicates, emergency operations are intended to eliminate, as quickly as possible, a danger that occurs unexpectedly. The emergency break is designed to cut off the electrical power, whereas the emergency stop takes account of the danger of... Read more

The post Emergency breaking, stop and isolation intended to eliminate danger as quickly as possible appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This technical article analyzes the safety requirements against indirect contact employed in particularly special medical locations (e.g., hospitals, medical, and dental practices, etc.), where environmental conditions may increase the risk of indirect contact and therefore the electroshock, precisely microshock. Generally... Read more

The post The ground is not just ground! At least not in hospitals, medical, and dental practices appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

This technical article covers some specific considerations (modern power supply, electric distribution, transportation, lighting controls, and communication systems) for a few most common type of commercial facilities such as banks, colleges and universities, fire stations, health care facilities and office... Read more

The post Specific electrical design tips for a few most common types of commercial facilities appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

Transformers used in power substations or a power system could be a bank of three single-phase transformers connected in either star/delta or star/star etc., or could be a single three-phase transformer with a single core. Normally for large capacity transformers,... Read more

The post Transformer connections you are not allowed to forget appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

The first protection devices based on microprocessors were employed in 1985. The widespread acceptance of numerical technology by the customer and the experiences of the user helped in developing the second generation numerical relays in 1990. Modem power system protection... Read more

The post The facts about numerical relays that every electrical engineer should know appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

As we all know, all substation equipment (should) have a metal plate with its “name” on it. Here we’ll discuss power and distribution transformers and information that their nameplates carry. It’s usually attached to the tank in a visible place... Read more

The post Learn how to interpret transformer nameplate information appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.

We would like to announce the launch of our new website. You can find information about all the latest news reports and services. Our primary goal is to keep you in the know on the most recent and upcoming events we are involved in. Be sure to check back often.

At the beginning of my career in 2005, I had the opportunity to work at a 500kV substation with the National Transmission and Dispatch Company in Pakistan. During this time, I was introduced to various tools and techniques that were... Read more

The post Mechanical Check, Visual Inspection and Electrical Test of the Substation Grounding System (2) appeared first on EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal.