s:

October auto sales: Overall PVs see uptick as SUVs and two-wheelers shine during festivities

In October 2024, both Dussehra and Diwali fell in the same month, traditionally boosting consumer demand and driving significant gains for the auto industry




s:

Mid-day updates: Markets deepen losses as metals, auto stocks drag; Sensex down nearly 500 points 

The broader market reflected selling pressure, particularly in metal and automotive sectors, with Hindalco leading the decline at 3.67 per cent




s:

Kalyan Jewellers Q2 Results: 32% revenue growth in H1 FY25 

Despite the revenue growth in H1, the Q2 performance was impacted by a one-time loss of ₹69 crore due to reduction in customs duty in India




s:

Upendra Baxi writes: Why D Y Chandrachud’s legacy will matter




s:

Sick Alcaraz struggles: Can he recover in time?

An off-colour Alcaraz lost 6-1, 7-5 to Norway's Casper Ruud in his opening match on Monday and the 21-year-old cancelled a public training session the following day.




s:

ATP Finals: Ailing Alcaraz outclasses Rublev

Spain's Carlos Alcaraz made light of feeling under the weather as he dispatched Russia's Andrey Rublev in impressive fashion to revive his ATP Finals hopes on Wednesday.




s:

Tata Chess: Uzbek Abdusattorov emerges as early leader

Uzbekistan's young grandmaster Abdusattorov Nodirbek emerged sole leader in the open section of the Tata Steel Chess India Rapid tournament in Kolkata on Wednesday.




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Art 370 won't be restored even if Indira returns: Shah

Union Home Minister Amit Shah on Wednesday asserted that Article 370, which granted special status to Jammu and Kashmir, will not be restored even if Congress stalwart and late PM Indira Gandhi comes down from heaven.





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Syncing fault rock clocks: Direct comparison of U-Pb carbonate and K-Ar illite fault dating methods

Mottram, C M; Kellett, D A; Barresi, T; Zwingmann, H; Friend, M; Todd, A; Percival, J B. Geology vol. 48, no. 12, 2020 p. 1179-1183, https://doi.org/10.1130/G47778.1
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200143.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200143.jpg" title="Geology vol. 48, no. 12, 2020 p. 1179-1183, https://doi.org/10.1130/G47778.1" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Structural geology of the eastern Richardson Mountains, Yukon and Northwest Territories: some field observations and a note of caution for palinspastic reconstructions

Pinet, N. Yukon exploration and geology 2020; by MacFarlane, K E (ed.); Yukon Geological Survey, Yukon Exploration and Geology 2020, 2020 p. 1-18
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200527.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200527.jpg" title="Yukon exploration and geology 2020; by MacFarlane, K E (ed.); Yukon Geological Survey, Yukon Exploration and Geology 2020, 2020 p. 1-18" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Field data, till composition, and ice-flow history, south Rae Craton, Northwest Territories: results from the GEM-2 South Rae project - Surficial Mapping activity

Campbell, J E; McCurdy, M W; Lauzon, G; Regis, D; Wygergangs, M. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8714, 2020, 40 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/327218
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_327218.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_327218.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8714, 2020, 40 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/327218" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Geological Survey of Canada till-sampling and analytical protocols: from field to archive, 2020 update

Re-release; McClenaghan, M B; Spirito, W A; Plouffe, A; McMartin, I; Campbell, J E; Paulen, R C; Garrett, R G; Hall, G E M; Pelchat, P; Gauthier, M S. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8591, 2020, 73 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/326162
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_326162.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_326162.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8591, 2020, 73 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/326162" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Kimberlite indicator-mineral studies on Banks Island, Northwest Territories: assessing the potential for diamond-bearing kimberlite

Smith, I R. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8726, 2020, 45 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/326157
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_326157.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_326157.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8726, 2020, 45 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/326157" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Simulating sedimentary burial cycles: I. investigating the role of apatite fission track annealing kinetics using synthetic data

McDannell, K T; Issler, D R. Geochronology vol. 3, 2021 p. 321-335, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-321-2021
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200758.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200758.jpg" title="Geochronology vol. 3, 2021 p. 321-335, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-321-2021" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Overlap assemblages: Laberge Group of the Whitehorse Trough, northern Canadian Cordillera

Kellett, D A; Zagorevski, A. Northern Cordillera geology: a synthesis of research from the Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals program, British Columbia and Yukon; by Ryan, J J (ed.); Zagorevski, A (ed.); Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 610, 2021 p. 123-144, https://doi.org/10.4095/326064




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Magma-shale interaction in large igneous provinces: implications for climate warming and sulphide genesis

Deegan, F M; Bédard, J H; Grasby, S E; Dewing, K; Geiger, H; Misiti, V; Capriolo, M; Callegaro, S; Svensen, H H; Yakymchuk, C; Aradi, L E; Freda, C; Troll, V R. Journal of Petrology vol. 63, 2022 p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egac094
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20220242.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20220242.jpg" title="Journal of Petrology vol. 63, 2022 p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egac094" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Simulating sedimentary burial cycles: II. Elemental-based multikinetic apatite fission-track interpretation and modelling techniques illustrated using examples from northern Yukon

Issler, D R; McDannell, K T; O'Sullivan, P B; Lane, L S. Geochronology vol. 4, 2022 p. 373-397, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-373-2022
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20210455.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20210455.jpg" title="Geochronology vol. 4, 2022 p. 373-397, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-373-2022" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Magnetic and gravity models, northern half of the Taltson Magmatic Zone, Rae Craton, Northwest Territories: insights into upper crustal structure

Thomas, M D. Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research (Online) 2022-1, 2022, 22 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/328244
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_328244.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_328244.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research (Online) 2022-1, 2022, 22 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/328244" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Moose River, and Foxe basins: synthesis of Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals program activities from 2008 to 2018

Re-release; Lavoie, D; Pinet, N; Zhang, S; Reyes, J; Jiang, C; Ardakani, O H; Savard, M M; Dhillon, R S; Chen, Z; Dietrich, J R; Hu, K; Craven, J A; Roberts, B; Duchesne, M J; Brake, V I; Huot-Vézina, G; Galloway, J M; McCracken, A D; Asselin, E; Decker, V; Beauchemin, M; Nicolas, M P B; Armstrong, D K; Hahn, K E. Sedimentary basins of northern Canada: contributions to a 1000 Ma geological journey and insight on resource potential; by Lavoie, D (ed.); Dewing, K (ed.); Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 609, 2022 p. 37-76, https://doi.org/10.4095/326090
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_326090.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_326090.jpg" title="Sedimentary basins of northern Canada: contributions to a 1000 Ma geological journey and insight on resource potential; by Lavoie, D (ed.); Dewing, K (ed.); Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 609, 2022 p. 37-76, https://doi.org/10.4095/326090" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Basaltic sills emplaced into organic-rich sedimentary rocks: consequences for organic matter maturation and Cretaceous paleo-climate

Bédard, J H; Dewing, K; Grasby, S E; Nabelek, P; Heimdal, T H; Yakymchuk, C; Sheih, S; Rumney, J; Deegan, F M; Troll, V. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2023, 2023 p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1130/B36982.1
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20230095.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20230095.jpg" title="Geological Society of America Bulletin 2023, 2023 p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1130/B36982.1" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Climax in Wrangellia LIP activity coincident with major Middle Carnian (Late Triassic) climate and biotic changes: mercury isotope evidence from the Panthalassa pelagic domain

Jin, X; Tomimatsu, Y; Yin, R; Onoue, T; Franceschi, M; Grasby, S E; Du, Y; Rigo, M. Earth and Planetary Science Letters vol. 607, 118075, 2023 p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118075
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20220607.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20220607.jpg" title="Earth and Planetary Science Letters vol. 607, 118075, 2023 p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118075" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Glacial history and limits of Cordilleran and Laurentide ice sheets in the Mackenzie Mountains, foothills, and plains, Northwest Territories: a brief overview

Duk-Rodkin, A; Barendregt, R W. Surficial geology of northern Canada: a summary of Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals program contributions; by McMartin, I (ed.); Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 611, 2023 p. 113-143, https://doi.org/10.4095/331422
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_331422.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_331422.jpg" title="Surficial geology of northern Canada: a summary of Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals program contributions; by McMartin, I (ed.); Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 611, 2023 p. 113-143, https://doi.org/10.4095/331422" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Subglacial tills: a process model based on microsedimentological clues

Menzies, J; Paulen, R C; Reitner, J M; Gao, C; Hodder, T; Menzies, J; Paulen, R C; Reitner, J M; Gao, C; Hodder, T; Ross, M. Journal of Sedimentary Research vol. 93, issue 10, 2023 p. 705-728, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2022.017
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200679.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200679.jpg" title="Journal of Sedimentary Research vol. 93, issue 10, 2023 p. 705-728, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2022.017" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Summary of GEM results: Manitoba Far North Geomapping Initiative

Böhm, C; Rayner, N. Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 327-334, https://doi.org/10.4095/332503
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332503.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332503.jpg" title="Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 327-334, https://doi.org/10.4095/332503" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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New crustal subdivision and architecture of the south Rae Craton, Northwest Territories: a synthesis

Pehrsson, S J. Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 283-287, https://doi.org/10.4095/332500
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332500.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332500.jpg" title="Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 283-287, https://doi.org/10.4095/332500" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Descartes: We continue to listen to our customers for key areas of investment in our Global Logistics Network

Descartes Systems Group has acquired Sellercloud, a provider of omnichannel ecommerce solutions.




s:

Retail Economics: Serial returners are quietly eroding retail profitability

A silent crisis of ‘serial returns’ is eroding retail profit margins as uncovered in the Annual Returns Benchmark Report 2024 conducted by returns specialists ZigZag, in partnership with Retail Economics.




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GLS: Greece is a high-growth parcel market

GLS has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire a 20% stake in the Greek parcel carrier ACS Postal Services. In addition to the initial investment, GLS has secured an option to acquire the remaining 80% of ACS's share capital within two years.




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UPS: After a challenging 18-month period, our company returned to revenue and profit growth

UPS today announced third-quarter 2024 consolidated revenues of $22.2 billion, a 5.6% increase from the third quarter of 2023.




s:

InPost CEO on Q3 results: we are relentlessly focused on delivering

InPost Group has announced it’s Q3 24 results this morning, featuring significant gains in volumes, sales and profitability, as well as continued expansion of its locker network in all key markets.




s:

Tetris for Integrated Logistics: Building the Ultimate Configurable Logistics Solution

Danny Hawkins, CTO and Co-Founder at Quiqup explores integrated logistics and what it means for food delivery at Post&Parcel Live: The Food Delivery Seminar.




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Amazon results: more than 2 billion global units arrived the same or next day in Q1

Amazon.com, Inc. has  announced financial results for its first quarter ended March 31, 2024.




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Social Eyes: Week of Nov. 14-20

THURSDAY ROCK RIDGEWAY SoCal shoegazers Ridgeway head north this week. The band’s third LP, Wall of Stars, came out in 2023 and marked a turn toward ’90s-inspired alt-pop. Bright guitars and catchy riffs weave in and out of spacious sections, providing room for all the melancholic vibes one might feel like indulging in. The band’s […]




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Results: 2024 BBA Individual Time Trial

Jackson Langley, Geoff Smith, Liana De Medeiros, and Skye Ferguson were the BBA individual time trial division winners. Langley won the A division clocking a time of 26:12.35, Smith picked up the win in the B division finishing 3rd overall clocking 28:03.59, De Medeiros claimed the C division title with a time of 28:55.44 finishing […]







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Sealed Plastic Packages: Spawn of Satan? Full Story at 11!




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Dynamics of Saccade Trajectory Modulation by Distractors: Neural Activity Patterns in the Frontal Eye Field

The sudden appearance of a visual distractor shortly before saccade initiation can capture spatial attention and modulate the saccade trajectory in spite of the ongoing execution of the initial plan to shift gaze straight to the saccade target. To elucidate the neural correlates underlying these curved saccades, we recorded from single neurons in the frontal eye field of two male rhesus monkeys shifting gaze to a target while a distractor with the same eccentricity appeared either left or right of the target at various delays after target presentation. We found that the population level of presaccadic activity of neurons representing the distractor location encoded the direction of the saccade trajectory. Stronger activity occurred when saccades curved toward the distractor, and weaker when saccades curved away. This relationship held whether the distractor was ipsilateral or contralateral to the recorded neurons. Meanwhile, visually responsive neurons showed asymmetrical patterns of excitatory responses that varied with the location of the distractor and the duration of distractor processing relating to attentional capture and distractor inhibition. During earlier distractor processing, neurons encoded curvature toward the distractor. During later distractor processing, neurons encoded curvature away from the distractor. This was observed when saccades curved away from distractors contralateral to the recording site and when saccades curved toward distractors ipsilateral to the recording site. These findings indicate that saccadic motor planning involves dynamic push–pull hemispheric interactions producing attraction or repulsion for potential but unselected saccade targets.




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Touching Lives: First TeenStreet Philippines

After over 10 years of praying, the Philippines had its first-ever TeenStreet!




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Honest Boys: boys no longer

Five years ago, seven boys were chosen to be discipled as Honest Boys in Mpulungu, Zambia. They carry the values proudly in their adult lives.





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Fingers pointing in all directions: Dutch politicians debate Amsterdam attacks, antisemitism


The members of the House debated the role of lack of integration, antisemitism within the Muslim population, and failure of authority in a discussion about the attacks.




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Turkiye has given strongest response to Israel’s atrocities: President Erdogan

Without doubt, Turkiye gave the strongest response to Israel’s atrocities in Palestine through such steps as halting trade, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said on Wednesday.

Ankara suspended all trade with Israel in May, citing a worsening humanitarian tragedy in Gaza, where Israel has killed more than 43,000 Palestinians since last October.

“As long as arms shipments continue, Israel will be more aggressive, as every day that Israel is not stopped, the situation in Palestine and Lebanon worsens,” Erdogan told reporters on his return flight from visits to Saudi Arabia and Azerbaijan.

One of the concrete steps that can be taken against Israel’s attacks is to work for recognition of the state of Palestine, he underscored, adding: “Without a two-state solution, peace and stability will not come to the region.”

“Trade restrictions and sanctions on Israel are another form of struggle. Active diplomacy to corner Israel in all areas and boost diplomatic pressure is also crucial. We’re in the middle of a great test of humanity,” the president said.

“Passing this test is only possible by being part of the humanitarian alliance. Otherwise, history will judge both those who stood by Israel and those who remained silent in the face of oppression.”

Erdogan also said Ankara’s initiative at the UN to prevent the shipment of weapons and ammunition to Israel has been supported by 52 countries and two international organizations.

“We recently sent a letter on this initiative to the president of the UN General Assembly, the president of the Security Council, and the UN secretary-general. At the (joint Arab-Muslim) summit in Riyadh, a decision was made to invite all organizations and Arab League members to sign our letter. Our country’s steps to halt the massacre and its humanitarian aid efforts were praised,” he added.

The Turkish president also highlighted that he had the opportunity to hold bilateral meetings during the summit, including with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, adding that they had a fruitful meeting.

Emphasizing that he also held bilateral meetings in Baku, Azerbaijan, during the COP29 UN Climate Change Conference, Erdogan said that these meetings included discussions of bilateral ties and regional developments.

‘Climate is one of the most critical issues facing world’

On Turkiye’s zero emissions target for 2053, Erdogan said: “The climate issue is one of the most critical issues facing the world. Just as we care about wars, conflicts, and migration, we approach this issue with the same seriousness.”

“Turkiye is persistently discussing what measures we can take with the relevant ministries. We have taken, are taking, and will continue to take measures to use the world’s limited resources most efficiently and to elevate the civilization we have developed over centuries to a much higher level.

“Turkiye cares about this issue and is making every effort to do our part. However, finding a fundamental and lasting solution to this issue is not possible with the efforts of just us or a few countries together.”

He called for collective action to shoulder the burden of climate-related efforts.

“If some countries fully engage in the fight against climate change while others, driven by greed, ignore necessary measures or even increase pollution, we cannot overcome this problem,” warned Erdogan.

President Erdogan added that the importance of the Zero Waste initiative, spearheaded by Turkiye, is gaining more recognition every day and that efforts are being made to spread it and turn it into a way of life.

The initiative, which started in 2017 under First Lady Emine Erdogan’s leadership, aims to raise awareness of the importance of waste elimination in addressing climate change.

Hope ties with US move to different track under Trump

On the US’ incoming administration, Erdogan voiced hope that Donald Trump’s taking office in January will start to put ties between Ankara and Washington on a different track.

“Undoubtedly, there are always opportunities between the two countries. Our basic expectation is to assess these opportunities and take steps that will benefit both countries,” he said.

“The Trump administration views the economy as one of its main priorities. Turkiye, with its strategic geographical location and young population, is a country that offers investment opportunities.

“We can create new opportunities to boost the trade volume and encourage investments between the two countries. Particularly in energy, infrastructure, and technology, we can develop new collaborations,” he underlined.

Erdogan also expressed hope that President-elect Trump would take different steps for the region.

Asked about potential future meetings with US billionaire Elon Musk, one of Trump’s biggest supporters, Erdogan said: “The technological strides Turkiye is making are drawing attention worldwide. Technology is not an area where you can advance alone; you need collaboration. If cooperation opportunities arise in this field, steps can be taken with Musk.”

Possible normalization between Turkiye, Syria

Speaking of a possible reconciliation with Syria, Erdogan said Turkiye has reached out for normalization, expressing its belief that it would open the door to peace and stability in Syrian territories.

Cross-border operations are always in the cards for the country’s security, he said, expressing readiness to launch them anytime the country feels threatened.

Turkiye has launched several cross-border operations in recent years, in both northern Syria and northern Iraq, targeting terrorists who hide out there and destabilize the border or plot attacks on Turkish soil.

Reiterating Turkiye’s commitment to fighting terrorism while respecting Syria’s territorial integrity, Erdogan said that the presence of terrorist groups in northern Syria, notably the PKK, the PYD and the YPG, also poses a threat to its territorial integrity, adding that the Syrian government, well aware of this, must take steps to create a new climate in the country.

Erdogan also said the “threat of Israel,” right next to Syria, is no fairy tale, warning that the fire in the surrounding areas can quickly spread in the unstable lands.

In its 40-year terror campaign against Turkiye, the PKK — listed as a terrorist organization by Turkiye, the US, and the EU — has been responsible for the deaths of over 40,000 people, including women, children, and infants. The YPG is PKK’s Syrian offshoot.

In northern Syria, Ankara has launched a trio of successful anti-terror operations since 2016 to prevent the formation of a terror corridor and enable the peaceful settlement of residents: Euphrates Shield (2016), Olive Branch (2018), and Peace Spring (2019).




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Officers Carrying Out Illegal Demolitions Liable To Restore Properties At Personal Cost & Pay Damages:... - Live Law - Indian Legal News

  1. Officers Carrying Out Illegal Demolitions Liable To Restore Properties At Personal Cost & Pay Damages:...  Live Law - Indian Legal News
  2. How the Supreme Court clamped down on ‘bulldozer’ demolition drives | Explained  The Hindu
  3. Akhilsh Yadav`s `Parked In Garage` Jab At Yogi Govt After SC`s Bulldozer Verdict  Zee News
  4. SC parked bulldozer in garage forever: Akhilesh Yadav  Hindustan Times
  5. What's the message from Supreme Court's order on bulldozer action? Experts debate  India Today




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Rare genetic interstitial lung diseases: a pictorial essay

The main monogenic causes of pulmonary fibrosis in adults are mutations in telomere-related genes. These mutations may be associated with extrapulmonary signs (hepatic, haematological and dermatological) and typically present radiologically as usual interstitial pneumonia or unclassifiable fibrosis. In children, the monogenic causes of pulmonary fibrosis are dominated by mutations in surfactant-related genes. These mutations are not associated with extrapulmonary signs and often manifest radiologically as unclassifiable fibrosis with cysts that can lead to chest wall deformities in adults. This review discusses these mutations, along with most of the monogenic causes of interstitial lung disease, including interferon-related genes, mutations in genes causing cystic lung disease, Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, lysinuric protein intolerance and lysosomal storage disorders, and their pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations.




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Association between second-hand smoke exposure and lung cancer risk in never-smokers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Lung cancer ranks as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. There is evidence that second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure is a risk factor for the development of lung cancer in never-smokers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide the most accurate quantification of the association between SHS exposure and lung cancer risk in never-smokers.

Materials and methods

Through the use of an innovative method to identify original publications, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, with corresponding meta-analysis, of all epidemiological studies evaluating the association between SHS exposure and lung cancer risk among never-smokers, published up to May 2023. Pooled relative risks were obtained using random-effects models. Dose–response relationships were derived using log-linear functions or cubic splines.

Results

Out of 126 identified eligible studies, 97 original articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk for lung cancer for overall exposure to SHS was 1.24 (95% CI 1.16–1.32, number of articles, n=82). Setting-specific relative risks were 1.20 (95% CI 1.12–1.28, n=67) for SHS exposure at home, 1.38 (95% CI 1.28–1.62, n=30) at a workplace, 1.37 (95% CI 1.22–1.53, n=28) at home or a workplace and 1.27 (95% CI 1.11–1.44, n=24) in nonspecified settings. The risk of lung cancer significantly increased with the duration, intensity and pack-years of SHS exposure.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis shows that exposure to SHS increases by more than 20% the risk of lung cancer among never-smokers, providing definitive evidence of the association between SHS exposure and lung cancer risk.




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Harmonising cellular conversations: decoding the vital roles of extracellular vesicles in respiratory system intercellular communications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by various cells play crucial roles in intercellular communication within the respiratory system. This review explores the historical context and significance of research into extracellular vesicles. Categorised into exosomes (sized 30–150 nm), microvesicles (sized 50–1000 nm) and apoptotic bodies (sized 500–2000nm), based on their generation mechanisms, extracellular vesicles carry diverse cargoes of biomolecules, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Respiratory ailments are the primary contributors to both mortality and morbidity across various populations globally, significantly impacting public health. Recent studies have underscored the pivotal role of extracellular vesicles, particularly their cargo content, in mediating intercellular communication between lung cells in respiratory diseases. This comprehensive review provides insights into extracellular vesicle mechanisms and emphasises their significance in major respiratory conditions, including acute lung injury, COPD, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma and lung cancer.