Example embodiments include systems for use in a wellhead platform. The system may comprise a separator subsystem, a scrubber subsystem, a first stage compressor subsystem, and a second stage compressor subsystem. The separator subsystem may comprise a separator inlet section for receiving multi-phase raw mixtures, a separator container body for housing the received multi-phase raw mixture, and a separator gas outlet section for separating gas. The scrubber subsystem may comprise a scrubber inlet section connected to the separator gas outlet section, a scrubber container body, and a scrubber gas outlet section for separating gas. The first stage compressor subsystem may be operable to receive gas separated from the scrubber subsystem, compress the received gas, and output the compressed gas. The second stage compressor subsystem may be operable to receive compressed gas from the first stage compressor subsystem, further compress the received compressed gas, and output the further compressed gas.

The invention relates to a facility for purification by adsorption of gaseous flow comprising at least one impurity which has a corrosive effect on carbons steel, comprising a radial adsorber comprising a housing with an outer envelope made of carbon steel; a vertical perforated inner grating consisting of a corrosion-resistant material, a vertical perforated outer grating, an adsorbent which is held vertically by the outer grating and the inner grating, and allows at least partial blockage of the corrosive impurity, and a means for allowing a centrifugal circulation of the gaseous flow.

A carbon dioxide adsorbent including a hierarchical zeolite. The hierarchical zeolite defines micropores having a pore width between about 0.4 nm and about 2 nm, and at least one of: mesopores having a pore width between about 2 nm and about 50 nm; and macropores having a pore width greater than about 50 nm.

We provide a tension adjustment assembly including an externally threaded support member and an at least partially hollow cylinder that is threaded internally. The threads of the cylinder and the threads of the support member are mated, allowing the cylinder to rotate about and travel along the threaded portion of the support member. The cylinder further comprises a ridge about an outer diameter of the cylinder. The tension adjustment assembly also includes an end cap retained on the cylinder by said ridge and able to rotate freely about said cylinder independently of any rotation of the cylinder about the support member. Finally, the tension adjustment assembly includes a foot attached to the end cap. When placed on the end of a tension rod this assembly allows the fit of the rod to a wall to be adjusted by turning the cylinder.

Provided is an automatic head care system and an automatic hair washing system for caring a person's head in a safe and effective manner without applying a straining force on the person's neck. In order to achieve the object, the following steps are performed in turn: a head receiving step in which a pair of arms 114L, 114R are placed at positions for receiving a person's head 10 on a suppotring body 112; a water washing step in which water ejected from a plurality of nozzles 110 is poured to the head 10 while the pair of arms 114L, 114R are swung; a shampoo step in which washing liquid ejected from the plurality of nozzles 110 is poured to the head 10 while the pair of arms 114L, 114R are swung; and a head care step in which the head 10 is cared by performing the push-rotating of the pair of arms 114L, 114R in the direction of approaching the head 10 so as to bring the plurality of contacts 109 into contact with the head 10 and by swinging the pair of arms 114L, 114R while moving the plurality of contacts 109.

A flush valve assembly having a handle assembly positioning bushing for spacing a handle assembly within an opening of the flush valve assembly. The handle assembly positioning bushing having an eccentric opening for receiving the handle such that rotation of the handle assembly positioning bushing with regard to the flush valve assembly body alters the height of the handle assembly and, thus, the volume of water passing through the flush valve assembly during a flush cycle.

A swimming pool with a circulating water flow includes a plurality of side walls adjacent a swimming compartment, one of the side walls including an outlet, at least one inlet positioned at each lateral side of the outlet, and a plenum arrangement on a side of the one wall opposite the swimming compartment. The plenum arrangement is in communication with each inlet and the outlet. A water propulsion device is positioned within the plenum arrangement and effects a pair of circuitous water flow paths within the swimming compartment.

A windrower with a harvesting header with a crop cutting assembly for severing crop from the ground windrower has a header pitch sensor for measuring a fore/aft pitch angle and a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system moves the header between an operating height and a raised position, and also controls a fore/aft pitch angle. An electronics control module provides an output to activate solenoid valves in the hydraulic system to move the header between the operating height and the raised position and to select a desired pitch angle. When the header moves from the operating height to the raised position, the electronics control module operates the header hydraulic system to move the header to the zero-tilt condition, and upon lowering the header back the operating height, the electronics control module automatically returns the header to the selected pitch angle it was in at the start of the cycle.

A trimmer head for use with a plurality of lengths of flexible cutting line in a flexible line rotary trimmer having a plurality of line holders rotatably mounted thereon. Each line holder defines a pair of laterally spaced apertures in an upper surface thereof, a passageway extending longitudinally therethrough, terminating in an extended end thereof and communicating with the laterally spaced apertures. An interior guide surface extends along a curvilinear path from the spaced apertures to the passageway and a web extends between the apertures whereby end portions of lengths of cutting line can be extended into and through the spaced openings, along the guide surfaces into and through the passageway and outwardly therefrom, whereupon lengths of line extend about and are held against the web with portions of the line projecting from the passageways in the line holders for the cutting of vegetation.

A system and method for controlling a load on an agricultural harvester (100) comprising a first sensor (124, 126, 128, 130) to sense a first load, a second sensor (132, 134, 136, 138) to sense a second load, an electronic control unit (200) coupled to the first sensor and the second sensor, the electronic control unit (200) being configured to determine a difference between the first load and the second load, and to either (a) raise a harvesting head (102) or (b) stop the agricultural harvester (100), or (c) both, when the difference exceeds a threshold load.

An agricultural harvester (100) comprises a self-propelled vehicle (102); a feederhouse (104); a driveshaft (114) supported on the feederhouse (104), the driveshaft (114) having a first coupler (116) fixed to one end of the driveshaft (114), the first coupler (116) comprising a coupler body (420), a piston (416) disposed in the coupler body (420), and a first key (302) mechanically coupled to the piston (416) to be extended or retracted by the piston (416) to engage a mating coupler on a second driveshaft (120) of an agricultural harvesting head (106) that is supported on the feederhouse (104).

A shield apparatus is mounted on the header of an agricultural implement which includes a rotatable collecting member to direct collected material rearwardly towards a rear discharge opening. The shield apparatus includes a panel member and a mounting bracket assembly which supports the panel member above the rear discharge opening of the header spanning in a lateral direction transversely to the forward working direction such that the panel member extends from a rear edge rearward of the collecting member to a front edge which is spaced forward and upwardly in relation to the rear edge. The shield apparatus ensures that material thrown upwardly above the rear of the header frame is redirected downwardly into the rear discharge opening of the header for collection by the implement in the usual manner. The shield apparatus does not interfere with the visibility of the operator when the panel member is clear.

A mower carrying a rotary cutting deck has a height of cut system for adjusting the vertical position of the deck relative to the mower frame for changing or adjusting the height of cut. The height of cut system comprises a pair of parallel cross shafts that carry a plurality of pivotal suspension linkages that connect to the deck, the cross shafts and linkages pivoting jointly with one another and with a pivotal control lever. One of the cross shafts carries a torsion spring to counterbalance the weight of the deck. The control lever is maintained in a plurality of adjusted pivotal positions by a height selection bracket fixed to the frame with the height selection bracket being capable of having its position changed or adjusted relative to the frame by a single adjustment bolt. Each suspension linkage has its effective length adjusted by turning a threaded adjuster carried at the upper end of a connecting rod that is part of each linkage to allow the deck to be leveled relative to a reference plane. The adjustment of the height selection bracket is accomplished without affecting the length adjustments previously made to any of the suspension linkages.

A corn harvesting header comprises a knife bar extending along a front lower edge of a cutting header, with triangular knife sections attached along the bar and a plurality of guards with guard fingers extending forward. Pointed divider pans extend forward from the header such that a slot is formed between adjacent pans. A mounting bracket extends down from a rear of each pan and is attached to forward end portions of a pair of adjacent guard fingers, leaving rear portions of these guard fingers exposed. The divider pans are attached to alternating pairs of guard fingers such that a pair of bare guard fingers extends forward under and laterally adjacent to edges of each slot. The bottom surface of each seed pan is above the guard fingers an elevated distance that is greater than a spacing distance between the guard fingers. The header cuts the corn rows at angle.

A corn header has a row unit frame and an auger sweeping ears of corn toward a center of the corn header. A corn row divider assembly has a snout and gatherer hood hingeably coupled to, and aft of, the snout. An aft end of the gatherer hood is located beneath and to the rear of the fore end of the auger in an operational configuration of the divider assembly. The divider assembly further has a four-point hinge assembly coupling the aft end of the gatherer hood to the row unit frame. The four-point hinge assembly is configured to pivot the gatherer hood between the operational configuration and a non-operational configuration in which the gatherer hood is in a raised condition. The four-point hinge assembly moves the aft end of the gatherer hood forward so that the gatherer hood clears the auger when pivoting to the non-operational configuration.

A semiconductor mounting apparatus includes a storing unit that stores a liquid or a gas, a contact unit that comes into contact with a semiconductor chip when the storing unit is filled with the liquid or the gas, and a sucking unit that sucks up the semiconductor chip to bring the semiconductor chip into close contact with the contact unit.

A mountable cable tie with fine adjustment with an elongated strap having a first strap end and a second strap end, the elongated strap having one or more rows of teeth or cross-bars formed crosswise on the elongated strap, and a plurality of holes positioned linear along the median between the one or more rows of teeth, at least one locking buckle positioned proximate the second strap end, the at least one locking buckle having at least one channel and at least one locking tang or pawl positioned within the locking buckle, wherein increased insertion of the first strap end into the locking head decreases the size of the loop of the elongated strap to secure the bundle.

A respiratory mask assembly for delivering breathable gas to a patient includes a frame and at least one locking clip. The frame has a main body and a side frame member provided on each lateral side of the main body, at least one of the side frame members including a locking clip receiver assembly. The at least one locking clip has a main body providing a front portion adapted to be removably coupled with the at least one locking clip receiver assembly and a rear portion adapted to be removably coupled to a headgear assembly. The rear portion includes a cross bar that forms an opening through which a strap of the headgear assembly can pass and be removably coupled with the cross bar, and the front portion includes at least one resiliently flexible spring arm that is flexible within the plane of the main body.

An exemplary device that is useful for controlling vibrations of an elevator load bearing member includes a guide. A mass is moveable relative to the guide responsive to vibration of the load bearing member to introduce a force to counter the vibration.

A clamp assembly includes a body member having a cable groove formed therein to receive a cable. A keeper is connected to the body member and has a lower surface adapted to engage the cable received in the cable groove. A biasing member is disposed between the keeper and the body member.

A coffin in an environmentally friendly material with a special shape and fittings at the places where the coffin is to be lifted, which is new in that the coffin itself has vertical recesses directed inwards, which cover both the coffin box and the lid, and wherein at each side of the coffin box bottom, a transverse lever or pipe has been placed, and wherein said pipe or lever is through-going to each and across each recess.

A vertically adjustable hinge includes a first leaf rotatably connected to a leaf assembly. The leaf assembly defines an opening with at least a first inclined surface and includes a block received in the opening. The block defines a threaded hole and at least a second inclined surface abutting the first inclined surface. A leaf assembly housing receives the leaf assembly and the block. The leaf assembly housing defines screw holes for receiving a screw that passes through the threaded hole. A rotation of a screw in the threaded hole causes a horizontal translation of the block, which in turn causes a vertical translation of the leaf assembly.

A vehicle brake pad includes a back plate layer, an underlayer, an adhesive layer that mediates between the back plate layer and the underlayer, and a friction material layer, wherein the vehicle brake pad does not include a shim and wherein at least one of the back plate layer, the adhesive layer, and the underlayer has a loss factor of 0.2 or higher, calculated according to the following Equation 1, at temperatures from −100 to 300° to damp noise of a frequency range of 200 to 20,000 Hz at temperatures from −100 to 300°: (Equation 1) Loss factor η=(f2−f1)/f0, where η is a loss factor, f0 is a noise frequency, f1 is a minimum value of amplitude of a noise frequency when a noise level is reduced by 3 dB, and f2 a maximum value of amplitude when the noise level is reduced by 3 dB.

A brake pad of a disc brake, having a pad carrier plate and an intermediate layer which is fastened to the bottom surface thereof and carries an abrasive friction lining, is configured in such a way that the thickness of the unused friction lining is less than or equal to a predefined maximum wear dimension. The thickness of the friction lining plus part of the thickness of the intermediate layer correspond to the maximum wear dimension.

An adjustable damping valve device with a damping valve has an elastic element, applies an axial relative force between two elements which are constructed so as to be axially movable relative to the valve housing, or the elastic element applies a relative force between an element of the damping valve, which element is constructed so as to be axially movable relative to the valve housing, and the valve housing, or the elastic element applies a relative force between an element of the damping valve, which element is constructed so as to be axially movable relative to the valve housing, and an element which is constructed so as not to be displaceable relative to the valve housing, so that one of the axially movable elements releases a flow passage for the flow of damping medium through the damping valve at least in a neutral state of the damping valve device.

A brake caliper is provided with a timing and retraction controller, a brake pad and a lock-connection comprising an engaging component and a locking component. The timing and retraction controller adjusts brake timing, eliminates parasitic brake losses and dampens out-of-plane vibration between the brake pad and rotor. The brake caliper includes a housing disposed over a brake rotor; first and second opposing brake pads extendably and retractably mounted on opposite sides of the caliper housing, brake pistons that extend and retract the brake pads into and out of frictional engagement with the rotor, and brake pad timing and retraction controllers disposed on opposite sides of the caliper housing. Each controller includes a Belleville spring or other resilient member with a short compression travel limited to between about 1.50 mm and 0.025 mm. The short stroke Belleville spring of each controller applies a hold-off force against the extension force of the brake pistons that slightly delays brake pad extension and slightly reduces brake pad clamping force against the rotor, thereby advantageously providing a front wheel braking bias when applied to the rear wheels of a vehicle. The restorative force applied by the short stroke Belleville forcefully and uniformly retracts the brake pad from the rotor, eliminating parasitic brake losses, and dampening out-of-plane vibration between the brake pad and rotor.

An adjusting device for a disc brake, in particular for utility vehicles, is provided. The adjusting device includes a freewheel having an inner ring and an outer ring. The inner ring and outer ring together with multiple rolling bearing balls form an axial ball bearing. The inner ring is rotatably supported relative to the outer ring by the rolling bearing balls. The freewheel further has a cage in which multiple clamping rollers are biased with compression springs and compression pieces, the cage being arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring in a radial direction relative to a through-bore passing through the inner and outer rings. The compression springs may be pretensioned by rotating the cage relative to the inner ring and then fixing the cage to on the inner ring with a locking device.

The invention relates to a pad for a bicycle disc brake, comprising a support frame and an element made of friction-wearing material associated with said support frame. The element made of friction-wearing material comprises a visual wearing indicator, which preferably is defined on an upper portion of the element made of friction-wearing material, more preferably at a side end area of said upper portion. The invention also relates to a bicycle disc brake comprising a pair of pads of the type described above.

A bicycle fork includes a pair of fork leg assemblies, each of the leg assemblies having an upper leg telescopingly engaged with a lower leg. A damping assembly is provided in at least one of the legs. The damping assembly includes lock-out and blow-off compression circuits. These compression circuits are externally adjustable without tools. Furthermore, these two compression circuits may be adjusted independently of each other.

An adjuster assembly for manually adjusting the position of a brake pad relative to a brake rotor of a disc brake, the assembly comprising: a continuous wear sensor; and a manual rewind apparatus to manually reset the position of the brake pad when replacement thereof is required; the manual rewind apparatus comprising a shaft arranged to extend into a housing of the disc brake; wherein the continuous wear sensor is arranged to be located within the housing of the disc brake and is located proximate to the shaft.

An adjustment control for adjusting a damping curve of a shock absorber includes an aperture seat coupled to a base of the shock absorber. The aperture seat defines a flow tube. A plug, in mechanical communication with a spring, slidably engages the flow tube. A plug nut is threadably coupled to an adjustment nut shaft stud and is in mechanical communication with the spring. An adjustment nut is coupled to the base. The adjustment nut has a non-circular cavity to receive at least a portion of the adjustment nut shaft stud and at least a portion of the non-circular region of the plug nut such that the plug nut cannot rotate relative to the non-circular cavity of the adjustment nut. An adjustment knob causes rotation of the adjustment nut shaft stud. The rotation of the adjustment nut shaft stud causes axial movement of the plug nut.

The present disclosure provides systems for mitigating brake vibration. In various embodiments, a brake force distribution arrangement may comprise: a member in operable communication with an actuator having at least two contact surfaces such that as one of the at least two contact surfaces moves in a direction of actuation of the actuator the other moves in a direction opposite to the direction of actuation of the actuator.

A friction lining for a brake pad of a braking system includes a solid body of friction material having plurality of slots intersecting at a vortex zone formed as a circular recess in the friction lining. The slots open into the vortex zone at offset locations to promote circulation of air within the vortex zone. The slots extend along a horizontal arc that follows the curvature of a rotor of the braking system when in use. Vertical slots may be included that also open into the vortex zone at offset locations.

A cylinder (1), particularly for a vibration damper, includes a base (3) and a sleeve-shaped add-on part (5) which at least partially surrounds the cylinder (1) and which has at an end of the cylinder a radially inwardly directed edge profile. The edge profile (11) contacts an end face of the cylinder (1) in a noncontacting manner with respect to the base.

A heat dissipation structure for a brake pad is provided for being assembled to a caliper device. The caliper device includes a caliper body, and the caliper body has a receiving space. The heat dissipation structure includes: a main body, integrally extruded from aluminum and cut to have an ultimate appearance, including a plate body and a heat dissipation portion integrally extending from the plate body, the plate body for being disposed on the caliper body and at least partially extending into the receiving space, when the main body is assembled to the caliper body, the heat dissipation portion is exposed outside the caliper body. A brake pad assembly is further provided, including a heat dissipation structure as described above, further including a brake pad, the brake pad disposed on a lateral face of the plate body.

A method and apparatus for upgrading coal and other carbonaceous fuels includes subjecting the carbonaceous fuel to a pyrolyzing process, thereby forming upgraded carbonaceous fuel and a flow of lean fuel gases. Auxiliary fuel is combusted in an auxiliary fuel combustor to produce auxiliary fuel combustion gases, and the lean fuel gases are heated with the auxiliary fuel combustion gases. The heated lean fuel gases are combusted in a lean fuel combustor, thereby producing a gas stream of products of combustion, and at least a portion of the gas stream of products of combustion are directed to the pyrolyzer.

An odorant addition device for adding odorant to fuel gas in a gas system that consumes the fuel gas, the device including: an addition unit for adding the odorant to fuel gas to be consumed by the gas system; an environmental condition detection unit for detecting in the gas system an environmental condition regarding diffusion of odorant in fuel gas; and an addition adjustment unit for adjusting mode of odorant addition by the addition unit based on the environmental condition detected by the environmental condition detection unit. In this way, it is possible to detect leakage of fuel gas more reliably and improve safety dramatically, in a gas system that consumes the fuel gas as fuel.

There is provided an adapter for adapting an electronic device to a modular electronic device system. The adapter generally has a housing having two lateral edges, a cavity between the lateral edges and being adapted to receive the electronic device, each of the two lateral edges of the housing having at least one magnetic coupler electrically connectable with at least one magnetic coupler of the modular electronic device system by magnetically engaging the at least one magnetic coupler of the adapter with the at least one magnetic coupler of the modular electronic device system, and an internal electric conductor network electrically connected to the magnetic couplers of the adapter and electrically connected to an internal connector which is electrically connectable to the electronic device when received in the cavity of the housing.

An example apparatus for connecting linear edge cards includes a housing to hold at least one set of conductive contacts facing perpendicularly towards a mating plane. The apparatus further includes an activator bar coupled to the housing, the activator bar to hold two parts of the housing apart via two opposing normal forces. The apparatus also includes a contact load spring coupled to the housing, the contact load spring to apply two forces parallel to the direction of the conductive contacts and against the two opposing normal forces of the activator bar. The apparatus further includes an ejector spring coupled to the contact load spring and the activator bar. The ejector spring is to apply a force perpendicular to the two opposing normal forces of the activator bar and in a direction of an opening of the housing.

A high pressure and temperature, hermetically sealed bulkhead connector with pin and socket contacts for use in logging tools is described. The bulkhead connector comprises (a) one or more contact(s) placed within one or more channels wherein the channels provide a clearance path between contact(s) and bulkhead body and travel at least a partial longitudinal distance between proximal and distal ends. The contact(s) reside in the channel(s) and include at least; an optional movement limiter section, one central elongated section, and one fixed section where the contact(s) is attached to the bulkhead body at the distal end. The body correctly positions respective ends of the contact so that the body secures contact(s) to be parallel to each other and the contact(s) have terminal ends for connection. This arrangement provides at least one pivotable, pliable, free floating contact extending away from the fixed distal end of the bulkhead body.

The present invention provides a system and method for providing a seal for an electrical penetrator in a subsea environment. More specifically, the present invention provides for a system for creating a seal about an electrical penetrator without using o-rings or independent seals. The present invention provides for a set of supporting apparatuses to be placed in compression about a central ceramic penetrator element. The geometry of the central ceramic penetrator element and the interior of the supporting apparatuses forms a hermetic seal when under a constant radial and axial, or axial compressive force.

Previously available elastomeric EMI gaskets provided for multiport RF connector assemblies have performance limiting drawbacks. Consequently, EM isolation provided by a previously available elastomeric EMI gasket is often inadequate. Various implementations disclosed herein include multiport RF connection arrangements that use a metal gasket arranged within at least a portion of an isolation space provided by a multiport RF connector. In some implementations, a multiport connection arrangement includes a substrate, a multiport RF connector and a fitted metal gasket. The substrate includes a first surface and a first plurality of connection ports. The multiport connector has a body that includes a second surface, a second plurality of connection ports, and includes an electromagnetic isolation boundary that defines an isolation space between at least two of the second plurality of connection ports terminating at the second surface. Mechanical fasteners are optional and are included to merely provide engagement, without substantial compressive force.

Switchable grounded terminal loads are built into, or otherwise coupled to, connectors on motherboards and control devices. The terminal loads are coupled to the bus termination at the connector when the connector is “stuffed” (connected to a mating connector). The switchable grounded terminal loads replace dummy connectors in preventing empty “unstuffed” connectors from increasing error risks on active channels.

The present invention discloses a cleaning cloth, an abrasive cloth, a cleaning buff and an abrasive buff which are each formed by knitting/weaving bamboo fibers having excellent cleaning, abrasive capacity and excellent ignition resistance.

A fixed abrasive pad includes a substrate and a plurality of discrete abrasive blocks attached thereon, wherein the abrasive blocks comprise a plurality of abrasive sub-layers, wherein the abrasive density of the sub-layers increases layer-by-layer from the top sub-layer to the bottom sub-layer according to a predetermined ratio. The predetermined ratio ranges from about 1.099 to about 1.124.

Provided are a polishing pad which remedies the problem of scratches occurring when a conventional hard (dry) polishing pad is used, which is excellent in polishing rate and polishing uniformity, and which can be used for not only primary polishing but also finish polishing, and a manufacturing method therefor. The polishing pad is a polishing pad for polishing a semiconductor device, comprising a polishing layer having a polyurethane-polyurea resin foam containing substantially spherical cells, wherein the polyurethane-polyurea resin foam has a Young's modulus E in a range from 450 to 30000 kPa, and a density D in a range from 0.30 to 0.60 g/cm3.

A CMP polishing pad comprising (a) a polishing layer having a polishing surface and a back surface opposite said polishing surface; said polishing layer having at least one cured opaque thermoset polyurethane region and at least one aperture region; said at least one cured opaque thermoset region has a porosity from about 10% to about 55% by volume; said at least one aperture region having (1) a top opening positioned below the polishing surface, (2) a bottom opening that is co-planar with said back surface and (3) straight line vertical sidewalls extending from said aperture top opening to said aperture bottom opening; said at least one aperture region filled with a cured plug of thermoset polyurethane local area transparency material that has a light transmission of less than 80% at a wavelength from 700 to 710 nanometers and is chemically bonded directly to a thermoset polyurethane opaque area; (b) an aperture-free removable release sheet covering at least a portion of said back surface of the polishing layer; and(c) an adhesive layer interposed between said polishing layer and said release sheet; said adhesive layer capable of adhering the polishing layer to a platen of a CMP apparatus after said release sheet has been removed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a polishing pad that is prevented from causing an end-point detection error due to a reduction in light transmittance from the early stage to the final stage of the process, and to provide a method of producing a semiconductor device with the polishing pad. The present invention is directed to a polishing pad, comprising a polishing layer comprising a polishing region and a light-transmitting region, wherein a polishing side surface of the light-transmitting region is subjected to a surface roughness treatment, and the light-transmitting region has a light transmittance of 40% to 60% at a wavelength of 600 nm before use.

Polishing pads for polishing semiconductor substrates using eddy current end-point detection are described. Methods of fabricating polishing pads for polishing semiconductor substrates using eddy current end-point detection are also described.