Latest rd news

Admen and Eve : the Bible in contemporary advertising / Katie B. Edwards

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Edwards, Katie B., author

Full Article

Jesus beyond nationalism : constructing the historical Jesus in a period of cultural complexity / edited by Halvor Moxnes, Ward Blanton and James G. Crossley

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Jesus, skepticism & the problem of history : criteria & context in the study of Christian origins / Darrell L. Bock and J. Ed Komoszewski, editors ; foreword by N.T. Wright

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Understanding the social world of the New Testament / edited by Dietmar Neufeld and Richard E. DeMaris

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Bible. English. New Revised Standard. 2018

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

The Oxford handbook of Christianity and economics / edited by Paul Oslington

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Unheard voices in the Bible / guest editor, Dr L. Sutton

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Fakes, forgeries, and fictions : writing ancient and modern Christian apocrypha : proceedings from the 2015 York University Christian Apocrypha Symposium / edited by Tony Burke ; foreword by Andrew Gregory

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

York University Christian Apocrypha Symposium (2015 : Toronto, Ont.),

Full Article

Myths and mistakes in New Testament textual criticism / edited by Elijah Hixson and Peter J. Gurry ; foreword by Daniel B. Wallace

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

The New Testament in its world : an introduction to the history, literature, and theology of the first Christians / N.T. Wright, Michael F. Bird

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Wright, N. T. (Nicholas Thomas), author

Full Article

The governor and the king : irony, hidden transcripts, and negotiating empire in the Fourth Gospel / Arthur M. Wright Jr. ; foreword by Frances Taylor Gench

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Wright, Arthur M., author

Full Article

Queer theology : rethinking the Western body / edited by Gerard Loughlin

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Kierkegaard's theological sociology : prophetic fire for the present age / Paul Tyson

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Tyson, Paul G., author

Full Article

Jesus and nonviolence : a third way / Walter Wink

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Wink, Walter

Full Article

Rainbow Spirit theology : towards an Australian Aboriginal theology / by the Rainbow Spirit elders

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

1 Corinthians : a pastoral commentary / J. Ayodeji Adewuya ; foreword by Daniel K. Darko

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Adewuya, J. Ayodeji, 1951- author

Full Article

Jesus's manifesto : the Sermon on the Plain / Roman A. Montero ; foreword by James Crossley

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Montero, Roman A., author, translator

Full Article

Edmund Campion : a scholarly life / Gerard Kilroy

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Kilroy, Gerard, 1945- author

Full Article

Richard Hooker, beyond certainty / Andrea Russell (the Queen's Foundation for Ecumenical Theological Education, Birmingham, UK)

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Russell, Andrea, author

Full Article

Novel lightweight open-cell polypropylene foams for filtering hazardous materials

By feeds.rsc.org
Published On ::

RSC Adv., 2020, 10,17694-17701
DOI: 10.1039/D0RA01499K, Paper

Open Access

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.

Fei Wu, Pengke Huang, Haibin Luo, Jin Wang, Bin Shen, Qian Ren, Pei He, Hao Zheng, Liyang Zhang, Wenge Zheng
Lightweight polypropylene foams with similar geometries but different porous structures were prepared as filters for potentially hazardous materials via supercritical CO₂ extrusion foaming without the use of harmful reagents and the problems of floating micro-nano fibers.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

Full Article

Europium oxide nanorod-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites towards supercapacitors

By feeds.rsc.org
Published On ::

RSC Adv., 2020, 10,17543-17551
DOI: 10.1039/C9RA11012G, Paper

Open Access

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.

Parisa Aryanrad, Hamid Reza Naderi, Elmira Kohan, Mohammad Reza Ganjali, Masoud Baghernejad, Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli
Fast charge/discharge cycles are necessary for supercapacitors applied in vehicles including, buses, cars and elevators.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

Full Article

Anatomy of an HTML5 WordPress theme

By nicolasgallagher.com
Published On :: Fri, 14 Aug 2009 17:00:00 -0700

This site has been written in HTML5 and used to use WordPress to manage the content. I’ll explain why I used HTML5, describe the structure of the theme templates, and show some of the ways I tried to tame WordPress’s tendency to add mess to the source code.

As this is my personal site I wanted to experiment with using HTML5, CSS3, and WAI-ARIA. All these documents are currently working drafts and subject to change. However, the web documents and applications of the future are going to be written in HTML5 and I wanted to see the benefits of using it to markup static documents. Using CSS 2.1, let alone the CSS3 selectors and properties that some browser vendors have implemented, has many advantages for controlling the presentation of semantically coded documents. For this reason I am not going to avoid using basic CSS 2.1 selectors just to faithfully reproducing this site’s design in IE6. However, I have tried to accommodate IE 7 and IE 8 users by using an HTML5 enabling script so that the new HTML5 elements can be styled in those browsers if users have Javascript enabled.

HTML5 templates

I started with a static prototype of this site developed on my local server. WordPress makes it very easy to create your own templates and, therefore, it is no problem to use HTML5. This theme only has 3 main templates: index, single, and archive. There are of course templates for 404s, attachments, comments, etc., but I won’t discuss them as they are all based on the 3 main templates. All the templates include ARIA roles as an accessibility aide.

The single.php template has this rough structure:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title></title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="default.css">
</head>

<body>
  <header role="banner"></header>
  <nav role="navigation"></nav>
  <article role="main">
    <header>
      <time datetime="YYYY-MM-DD"></time>
      <h1></h1>
    </header>
    <footer></footer>
  </article>
  <nav></nav>
  <aside role="complementary"></aside>
  <footer role="contentinfo">
    <small></small>
  </footer>
</body>
</html>

The first line of the document is the HTML5 DOCTYPE. The new <article> element contains the content of each post. The same structure is used for the index.php template except that there are several articles displayed on each page and the ARIA role value of main is not used. In contrast, the archive.php template houses all the article excerpts in a <section> element with the ARIA role of main because the list of archived posts is itself the main content of the document.

A clean theme

WordPress tends to add classes, elements, and other bits of code in certain places. I haven’t used any of the WordPress functions that add class names to the body and to elements wrapping a post and also wanted to avoid cluttering the source code with any other unnecessary markup. This required a bit of fiddling around with the theme’s functions.php file. I’m not a PHP developer so this might not be pretty!

Removing actions from wp_head()

WordPress has a hook called wp_head that sits in the header.php of most themes. To avoid it inserting unwanted code into the <head> of the document I used the remove_action function to disable the functions that were responsible. The following code was added to the functions.php file of my theme:

// Remove links to the extra feeds (e.g. category feeds)
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'feed_links_extra', 3 );
// Remove links to the general feeds (e.g. posts and comments)
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'feed_links', 2 );
// Remove link to the RSD service endpoint, EditURI link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'rsd_link' );
// Remove link to the Windows Live Writer manifest file
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'wlwmanifest_link' );
// Remove index link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'index_rel_link' );
// Remove prev link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'parent_post_rel_link', 10, 0 );
// Remove start link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'start_post_rel_link', 10, 0 );
// Display relational links for adjacent posts
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'adjacent_posts_rel_link', 10, 0 );
// Remove XHTML generator showing WP version
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_generator' );

Source: WPEngineer.com: Cleanup WordPress Header

Removing an empty `<span>`

If you want to create excerpts you can either write them into the excerpt box or use the <--more--> quicktag in the WordPress editor. I just wanted the first paragraph of my posts to be used as the excerpt and so using the in-editor tag was the most practical approach I was aware of. However, when you do this WordPress will insert an empty <span> in the post’s content. This element has an id so that the area following the excerpt can be targeted by “more” or “continue reading” links. I removed both the empty <span> and the jump link by adding the following code to the functions.php file of the theme:

// removes empty span
function remove_empty_read_more_span($content) {
  return eregi_replace("(<p><span id="more-[0-9]{1,}"></span></p>)", "", $content);
}
add_filter('the_content', 'remove_empty_read_more_span');

Source: Ganda Manurung: Remove Empty Span Tag On WordPress

// removes url hash to avoid the jump link
function remove_more_jump_link($link) {
  $offset = strpos($link, '#more-');
  if ($offset) {
    $end = strpos($link, '"',$offset);
  }
  if ($end) {
    $link = substr_replace($link, '', $offset, $end-$offset);
  }
  return $link;
}
add_filter('the_content_more_link', 'remove_more_jump_link');

Source: WordPress Codex: Customizing the Read More

Displaying images in the excerpt

For posts that display nothing but a photograph (yes, they will be shit but I’m hoping it gets me using my camera a bit more often) I wanted the image to show up in the archives. Equally, if the first paragraph of a post contained a link I wanted that to be preserved. The default the_excerpt() template tag doesn’t allow for this so it needed some modifying. I added a new function, which is just a modified version of the core excerpt function, to the functions.php file and then made sure that the template tag executed this function rather than the one contained in the core WordPress files.

function improved_trim_excerpt($text) {
   if ( '' == $text ) {
      $text = get_the_content('');
      $text = strip_shortcodes( $text );
      $text = apply_filters('the_content', $text);
      $text = str_replace(']]>', ']]&amp;gt;', $text);
      $text = strip_tags($text, '<p><img><a>');
      $excerpt_length = apply_filters('excerpt_length', 55);
      $words = explode(' ', $text, $excerpt_length + 1);
      if (count($words) > $excerpt_length) {
         array_pop($words);
         array_push($words, '[...]');
         $text = implode(' ', $words);
         $text = force_balance_tags($text);
      }
   }
   return $text;
}
remove_filter('get_the_excerpt', 'wp_trim_excerpt');
add_filter('get_the_excerpt', 'improved_trim_excerpt');

Source: Aaron Russell: Improving WordPress’ the_excerpt() template tag

Conditional next/prev links

I prefer not to have empty elements in the markup and so I needed a way to conditionally insert the “Older entries”, “Newer Entries”, etc., links into templates. The solution I’m using here, which isn’t perfect, is to add this to functions.php:

function show_posts_nav() {
  global $wp_query;
  return ($wp_query->max_num_pages > 1);
}

Source: Eric Martin: Conditional navigation links in WordPress

And then to wrap the navigation markup in the templates with the following:

<?php if (show_posts_nav()) : ?>
<nav>
   <ul>
      <li><?php next_posts_link('&#171; Older Entries') ?></li>
      <li><?php previous_posts_link('Newer Entries &#187;') ?></li>
   </ul>
</nav>
<?php endif; ?>

Summary

It’s fairly easy to create a simple site with HTML5 and to use WordPress to deliver it. At the moment there are issues with Internet Explorer because you cannot style HTML5 elements unless you use Javascript. However, HTML5 redefines the meaning of certain elements (such as <dl>, which has become a more versatile “description list”) and allows block elements to be wrapped in a link. Therefore, there is still benefit in using the HTML5 DOCTYPE even if you do not make use of the new elements.

Disable `wpautop` for your theme

This is the simple way. Disable the wpautop function so that WordPress makes no attempt to correct your markup and leaves you to hand-code every line of your posts. If you want total control over every line of your HTML then this is the option for you.

To disable wpautop entirely add these lines to your theme’s functions.php:

remove_filter('the_excerpt', 'wpautop');
remove_filter('the_content', 'wpautop');

However, wpautop is generally quite useful if most of your posts are simple text content and you only occasionally want to include HTML5 elements. Therefore, modifying wpautop to recognise HTML5 elements might be more practical.

Modify `wpautop` to recognise HTML5 elements

WordPress’ wpautop is part of the core functions and can be found in this file within your WordPress installation: wp-includes/formatting.php. It controls how and where paragraphs and line breaks are inserted in excerpts and post content.

In order to create a modified version of WordPress’ core wpautop function I started off by duplicating it in my theme’s functions.php file.

What I’ve experimented with is disabling wpautop and adding a modified copy of it – which includes HTML5 elements in its arrayss – to my theme’s functions.php file.

Add the following to your theme’s functions.php file and you’ll be able to use section, article, aside, header, footer, hgroup, figure, details, figcaption, and summary in your post content. (Probably best to try this in a testing environment first!)

/* -----------------------------
MODIFIED WPAUTOP - Allow HTML5 block elements in wordpress posts
----------------------------- */

function html5autop($pee, $br = 1) {
   if ( trim($pee) === '' )
      return '';
   $pee = $pee . "
"; // just to make things a little easier, pad the end
   $pee = preg_replace('|<br />s*<br />|', "

", $pee);
   // Space things out a little
    // *insertion* of section|article|aside|header|footer|hgroup|figure|details|figcaption|summary
   $allblocks = '(?:table|thead|tfoot|caption|col|colgroup|tbody|tr|td|th|div|dl|dd|dt|ul|ol|li|pre|select|form|map|area|blockquote|address|math|style|input|p|h[1-6]|hr|fieldset|legend|section|article|aside|header|footer|hgroup|figure|details|figcaption|summary)';
   $pee = preg_replace('!(<' . $allblocks . '[^>]*>)!', "
$1", $pee);
   $pee = preg_replace('!(</' . $allblocks . '>)!', "$1

", $pee);
   $pee = str_replace(array("
", "
"), "
", $pee); // cross-platform newlines
   if ( strpos($pee, '<object') !== false ) {
      $pee = preg_replace('|s*<param([^>]*)>s*|', "<param$1>", $pee); // no pee inside object/embed
      $pee = preg_replace('|s*</embed>s*|', '</embed>', $pee);
   }
   $pee = preg_replace("/

+/", "

", $pee); // take care of duplicates
// make paragraphs, including one at the end
   $pees = preg_split('/
s*
/', $pee, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
   $pee = '';
   foreach ( $pees as $tinkle )
      $pee .= '<p>' . trim($tinkle, "
") . "</p>
";
   $pee = preg_replace('|<p>s*</p>|', '', $pee); // under certain strange conditions it could create a P of entirely whitespace
// *insertion* of section|article|aside
   $pee = preg_replace('!<p>([^<]+)</(div|address|form|section|article|aside)>!', "<p>$1</p></$2>", $pee);
   $pee = preg_replace('!<p>s*(</?' . $allblocks . '[^>]*>)s*</p>!', "$1", $pee); // don't pee all over a tag
   $pee = preg_replace("|<p>(<li.+?)</p>|", "$1", $pee); // problem with nested lists
   $pee = preg_replace('|<p><blockquote([^>]*)>|i', "<blockquote$1><p>", $pee);
   $pee = str_replace('</blockquote></p>', '</p></blockquote>', $pee);
   $pee = preg_replace('!<p>s*(</?' . $allblocks . '[^>]*>)!', "$1", $pee);
   $pee = preg_replace('!(</?' . $allblocks . '[^>]*>)s*</p>!', "$1", $pee);
   if ($br) {
      $pee = preg_replace_callback('/<(script|style).*?</\1>/s', create_function('$matches', 'return str_replace("
", "<WPPreserveNewline />", $matches[0]);'), $pee);
      $pee = preg_replace('|(?<!<br />)s*
|', "<br />
", $pee); // optionally make line breaks
      $pee = str_replace('<WPPreserveNewline />', "
", $pee);
   }
   $pee = preg_replace('!(</?' . $allblocks . '[^>]*>)s*<br />!', "$1", $pee);
// *insertion* of img|figcaption|summary
   $pee = preg_replace('!<br />(s*</?(?:p|li|div|dl|dd|dt|th|pre|td|ul|ol|img|figcaption|summary)[^>]*>)!', '$1', $pee);
   if (strpos($pee, '<pre') !== false)
      $pee = preg_replace_callback('!(<pre[^>]*>)(.*?)</pre>!is', 'clean_pre', $pee );
   $pee = preg_replace( "|
</p>$|", '</p>', $pee );

   return $pee;
}

// remove the original wpautop function
remove_filter('the_excerpt', 'wpautop');
remove_filter('the_content', 'wpautop');

// add our new html5autop function
add_filter('the_excerpt', 'html5autop');
add_filter('the_content', 'html5autop');

The results are not absolutely perfect but then neither is the original wpautop function. Certain ways of formatting the code will result in unwanted trailing </p> tags or a missing opening <p> tags.

For example, to insert a figure with caption into a post you should avoid adding the figcaption on a new line because an image or link appearing before the figcaption will end up with a trailing </p>.

<!-- this turns out ok -->
<figure>
  <a href="#"><img src="image.jpg" alt="" /></a><figcaption>A figure caption for your reading pleasure</figcaption>
</figure>

<!-- this turns out not so ok -->
<figure>
  <a href="#"><img src="image.jpg" alt="" /></a>
  <figcaption>A figure caption for your reading pleasure</figcaption>
</figure>

Another example would be when beginning the contents of an aside with a paragraph. You’ll have to leave a blank line between the opening aside tag and the first paragraph.

<aside>

This content could be a pullquote or information that is tangentially related to the surrounding content. But to get it wrapped in a paragraph you have to leave those blank lines either side of it before the tags.

</aside>

Room for improvement

Obviously there are still a few issues with this because if you format your post content in certain ways then you can end up with invalid HTML, even if it doesn’t actually affect the rendering of the page. But it seems to be pretty close!

Leave a comment or email me if you are using this function and find there that are instances where it breaks down. I ran numerous tests and formatting variations to try and iron out as many problems as possible but it’s unlikely that I tried or spotted everything.

Hopefully someone with more PHP and WordPress experience will be able to improve upon what I’ve been experimenting with, or find a simpler and more elegant solution that retains the useful wpautop functionality while allowing for the use of HTML5 elements in posts. Please share anything you find!

Full Article

Multiple Backgrounds and Borders with CSS 2.1

By nicolasgallagher.com
Published On :: Wed, 09 Jun 2010 17:00:00 -0700

Using CSS 2.1 pseudo-elements to provide up to 3 background canvases, 2 fixed-size presentational images, and multiple complex borders for a single HTML element. This method of progressive enhancement works for all browsers that support CSS 2.1 pseudo-elements and their positioning. No CSS3 support required.

Demo: Multiple Backgrounds with CSS 2.1
Demo: Multiple Borders with CSS 2.1

Support: Firefox 3.5+, Safari 4+, Chrome 4+, Opera 10+, IE8+.

How does it work?

Essentially, you create pseudo-elements using CSS (:before and :after) and treat them similarly to how you would treat HTML elements nested within your target element. But they have distinct benefits – beyond semantics – over the use of nested HTML elements.

To provide multiple backgrounds and/or borders, the pseudo-elements are pushed behind the content layer and pinned to the desired points of the HTML element using absolute positioning.

The pseudo-elements contain no true content and are absolutely positioned. This means that they can be stretched to sit over any area of the “parent” element without affecting its content. This can be done using any combination of values for the top, right, bottom, left, width, and height properties and is the key to their flexibility.

What effects can be achieved?

Using just one element you can create parallax effects, multiple background colours, multiple background images, clipped background images, image replacement, expandable boxes using images for borders, fluid faux columns, images existing outside the box, the appearance of multiple borders, and other popular effects that usually require images and/or the use of presentational HTML. It is also possible to include 2 extra presentational images as generated content.

The Multiple Backgrounds with CSS 2.1 and Multiple Borders with CSS 2.1 demo pages show how several popular examples of these effects can be achieved with this technique.

Most structural elements will contain child elements. Therefore, more often than not, you will be able to gain a further 2 pseudo-elements to use in the presentation by generating them from the first child (and even last-child) element of the parent element. In addition, you can use style changes on :hover to produce complex interaction effects.

Example code: multiple background images

Using this technique it is possible to reproduce multiple-background parallax effects like those found on the Silverback site using just one HTML element.

The element gets its own background image and any desired padding. By relatively positioning the element it acts as the reference point when absolutely positioning the pseudo-elements. The positive z-index will allow for the correct z-axis positioning of the pseudo-elements.

#silverback {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  min-width: 200px;
  min-height: 200px;
  padding: 120px 200px 50px;
  background: #d3ff99 url(vines-back.png) -10% 0 repeat-x;
}

Both pseudo-elements are absolutely positioned and pinned to each side of the element. The z-index value of -1 moves the pseudo-elements behind the content layer. This way the pseudo-elements sit on top of the element’s background and border but all the content is still selectable or clickable.

#silverback:before,
#silverback:after {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -1;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  padding-top: 100px;
}

Each pseudo-element then has a repeated background-image set. This is all that is needed to reproduce the parallax effect.

The content property lets you add an image as generated content. With two pseudo-elements you can add 2 further images to an element. They can be crudely positioned within the pseudo-element box by varying other properties such as text-align and padding.

#silverback:before {
  content: url(gorilla-1.png);
  padding-left: 3%;
  text-align: left;
  background: transparent url(vines-mid.png) 300% 0 repeat-x;
}

#silverback:after {
  content: url(gorilla-2.png);
  padding-right: 3%;
  text-align: right;
  background: transparent url(vines-front.png) 70% 0 repeat-x;
}

The finished product is part of the Multiple Backgrounds with CSS 2.1 demo.

Example code: fluid faux columns

Another application is creating equal height fluid columns without images or extra nested containers.

The HTML base is very simple. I’ve used specific classes on each child div rather than relying on CSS 2.1 selectors that IE6 does not support. If you don’t require IE6 support you don’t actually need the classes.

<div id="faux">
  <div class="main">[content]</div>
  <div class="supp1">[content]</div>
  <div class="supp2">[content]</div>
</div>

The percentage-width container is once again relatively positioned and a positive z-index is set. Applying overflow:hidden gets the element to wrap its floated children and will hide the overflowing pseudo-elements. The background colour will provide the colour for one of the columns.

#faux {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 80%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #ffaf00;
}

By using relative positioning on the child div‘s you can also control the order of the columns independently of their source order.

#faux div {
  position: relative;
  float: left;
  width: 30%;
}

#faux .main { left: 35%; }
#faux .supp1 { left: -28.5%; }
#faux .supp2 { left: 8.5%; }

The other two full-height columns are produced by creating, sizing, and positioning pseudo-elements with backgrounds. These backgrounds can be (repeating) images if the design requires.

#faux:before,
#faux:after {
   content: "";
   position: absolute;
   z-index: -1;
   top: 0;
   right: 0;
   bottom: 0;
   left: 33.333%;
   background: #f9b6ff;
}

#faux:after {
   left: 66.667%;
   background: #79daff;
}

The finished product is part of the Multiple Backgrounds with CSS 2.1 demo.

Example code: multiple borders

Multiple borders are produced in much the same way. Using them can avoid the need for images to produce simple effects.

An element must be relatively positioned and have sufficient padding to contain the width of the extra border you will be creating with pseudo-elements.

#borders {
   position: relative;
   z-index: 1;
   padding: 30px;
   border: 5px solid #f00;
   background: #ff9600;
}

The pseudo-elements are positioned at specific distances away from the edge of the element’s box, moved behind the content layer with the negative z-index, and given the border and background values you want.

#borders:before {
   content: "";
   position: absolute;
   z-index: -1;
   top: 5px;
   left: 5px;
   right: 5px;
   bottom: 5px;
   border: 5px solid #ffea00;
   background: #4aa929;
}

#borders:after {
   content: "";
   position: absolute;
   z-index: -1;
   top: 15px;
   left: 15px;
   right: 15px;
   bottom: 15px;
   border: 5px solid #00b4ff;
   background: #fff;
}

That’s all there is to it. The finished product is part of the Multiple Borders with CSS 2.1 demo.

Progressive enhancement and legacy browsers

IE6 and IE7 have no support for CSS 2.1 pseudo-elements and will ignore all :before and :after declarations. They get none of the enhancements but are left with the basic usable experience.

A warning about Firefox 3.0

Firefox 3.0 supports CSS 2.1 pseudo-elements but does not support their positioning. Due to this partial support, you should avoid declaring display:block for absolutely positioned pseudo-elements that explicitly declare a width or height values. However, when using borders there is no graceful fallback for Firefox 3.0. Although, sometimes an improved appearance in Firefox 3.0 can be achieved by adding display:block to pseudo-element hacks that use borders.

Enhancing with CSS3

All the applications included in this article could be further enhanced to take advantage of present-day CSS3 implementations.

Using border-radius, rgba, and transforms, and CSS3 multiple background images in tandem with pseudo-elements can produce even more complex presentations that I hope to include in a future article. Currently there is no browser support for the use of CSS3 transitions or animations on pseudo-elements.

In the future: CSS3 pseudo-elements

The proposed extensions to pseudo-elements in the CSS3 Generated and Replaced Content Module include the addition of nested pseudo-elements (::before::before), multiple pseudo-elements (::after(2)), wrapping pseudo-elements (::outside), and the ability to insert pseudo-elements into later parts of the document (::alternate).

These changes would provide a near limitless number, and arrangement, of pseudo-elements for all sorts of complex effects and presentations using just one element.

Let me know what you’ve done

I’ve focused on just a few applications and popular effects. If you find other applications, limitations, or want to share how you’ve applied this technique please leave a comment below or let me know on Twitter (@necolas.

Translations

使用css2.1实现多重背景、多重边框效果

Full Article

Custom Tweet Button for WordPress

By nicolasgallagher.com
Published On :: Thu, 16 Sep 2010 17:00:00 -0700

How to create a custom Tweet Button for WordPress using the bit.ly and Twitter APIs. The HTML and CSS is completely customisable and there is no need for JavaScript. PHP is used to automatically shorten and cache the URL of a post, fetch and cache the number of retweets, and populate the query string parameters in the link to Twitter.

The custom Tweet Button at the bottom of this post was created using this method. All the files are available on Github and released under MIT license. The PHP code was heavily influenced by the BackType Tweetcount plugin.

How to use

You’ll need your own bit.ly account and to be comfortable editing your theme’s functions.php, style.css, and template files. Be sure to make backups before you start making changes.

Step 1: Download the Custom Tweet Button for WordPress files from Github.

Step 2: Include the custom-tweet-button.php file in your theme’s functions.php file.

Step 3: Replace the bit.ly username, bit.ly API key, and Twitter username placeholders in the tweet_button function with your own. Your bit.ly credentials can be found on the “settings” page of your account.

Step 4: Add the custom Tweet Button CSS to your theme’s style.css file. Add the tweet.png image in your theme’s image folder. Make sure the image is correctly referenced in the CSS file.

Step 5: Call the function tweet_button in your template files (e.g. single.php) at the position(s) in the HTML you’d like the Tweet Button to appear:

if (function_exists('tweet_button')) {
   tweet_button(get_permalink());
}

Why make your own Tweet Button?

Making your own custom Tweet Button for WordPress has several additional advantages over using Twitter’s own offerings.

Full control over the HTML and CSS.
Having full control over the HTML and CSS means that you can choose how to present your Tweet Button. I decided to reproduce the horizontal and vertical styles of Twitter’s own button. But any appearance is possible.
All click, traffic, and referrer data is stored in your bit.ly account.
The URL for any published post is automatically shortened using the bit.ly service. The short URL is then passed to Twitter to ensure you can monitor the click and traffic data in your bit.ly account. The permalink is passed to Twitter in the counturl query string parameter to ensure that it counts the URL that your short URL resolves to.
No need for JavaScript or embedded iframes.
The Tweet Button works without JavaScript. You have full control over any custom JavaScript enhancements you may wish to include. If you’d prefer Twitter’s share page to open in a pop-up window you can write your own JavaScript handler.
Faster page load.
No external JavaScript or image files are loaded; both the short URL and retweet counts are cached.
Use the short URL and retweet count for other purposes.
The short URLs and retweet counts are stored as post meta-data. This makes it easy to display this data anywhere else in a post. The retweet count data could be used for conditional template logic. For example, you could order posts based on the number of retweets, apply custom styles to your most retweeted posts, or display your most tweeted posts in a widget.
Easy to add Google Analytics campaign and event tracking.
The Tweet Button is simple HTML and you have control over all the information that is sent to Twitter. Therefore, it is possible to use Google Analytics to help answer questions like: are people sharing your posts from the homepage or the post itself? If the Tweet Button is displayed above and below your posts, which gets the most clicks? How long do people take to click the Tweet Button? How many people are visiting my site thanks to links posted on Twitter using the Tweet Button?
Approximate the number of retweets for old posts.
Before the release of the official Tweet Button, Twitter did not collect data on the number of times a URL was tweeted. This means your older posts may display far fewer retweets than actually occurred. However, there is a workaround. Use a service like Topsy, Backtype, or Tweetmeme to get the number of times your old post was retweeted. The difference between this and the number from Twitter’s APIs is the approximate number of retweets Twitter missed. To correct the retweet count for old posts add the number of missed retweets to a Custom Field called retweet_count_start.

How the custom Tweet Button works

Once a post is published its permalink URL is shortened using the bit.ly API.

The returned URL is permanently cached in the bitly_short_url Custom Field. The short URL is now part of the post’s general meta-data and can be used in contexts other than the Tweet Button.

The Twitter API is used to get the number of retweets for the post’s permalink URL. This number, along with the time at which it was requested, is cached in the retweet_cache Custom Field. When the cache interval has passed, an API call is made and the returned number of retweets is checked against the value stored in retweet_cache. If the returned number is greater, the value of retweet_cache is updated.

The content of the tweet is automatically created by setting several properties for the http://twitter.com/share URL. The post title makes up the message; the short URL is passed to Twitter as the URL to be displayed in the tweet; the permalink URL is passed to Twitter as the URL to be counted; and your username is declared.

$twitter_params =
'?text=' . urlencode($title) .
'&amp;url=' . urlencode($short_url) .
'&amp;counturl=' .urlencode($url).
'&amp;via=' . $twitter_via;

The default HTML output is very simple and can be fully customised. To display the count number vertically, add the class vcount.

<div class="twitter-share vcount>
   <a class="twitter-button"
      rel="external nofollow"
      title="Share this on Twitter"
      href="http://twitter.com/share?query-string-params"
      target="_blank">Tweet</a>
   <a class="twitter-count" href="http://twitter.com/search?q=url>259</a>
</div>

Further enhancements

Please apply any improvements or enhancements for the script against the source repository.

Full Article

Coronavirus | Odisha records 52 cases, highest single-day spike

By www.thehindu.com
Published On :: Fri, 08 May 2020 23:29:46 +0530

43 cases from Ganjam district; State’s total mounts to 271

Full Article

Other States

SC stays Orissa HC order on testing migrants

By www.thehindu.com
Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 01:44:18 +0530

The Centre said it feared that the order may have a “cascading effect” on migrants of other States as well

Full Article

Other States

Hail storm hits state hard

By www.assamtimes.org
Published On :: Fri, 10 Apr 2020 04:43:56 +0000

Full Article

Strategic excellence in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries [electronic resource] : how AEC firms can develop and execute strategy using lean Six Sigma / Gerhard Plenert and Joshua J. Plenert

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Plenert, Gerhard Johannes, author

Full Article

Supply chain management process standards [electronic resource] : deliver processes / Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals, author

Full Article

Sustainable engineering [electronic resource] : concepts, design, and case studies / David T. Allen, David R. Shonnard

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Allen, David T

Full Article

Systemisk projektledelse [electronic resource] / Henrik Schelde Andersen og Katrine Raae Søndergaard (red.)

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Talent-Gespräche [electronic resource] : Worum es geht, weshalb sie wichtig sind, wie sie richtig geführt werden / Roland Smith und Michael Campbell

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Smith, Roland, 1951- author

Full Article

Tous DRH [electronic resource] : les meilleures pratiques par 51 professionnels / Jean-Rémy Acar, David Alis, Michèle Amiel, Nathalie Atlan-Landaburu, David Autissier, Charles-Henri Bessyre Des Horts, Laurent Bibard, Frank Bournois, Jacques Bouv

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Acar, Jean-Rémy, author

Full Article

Training and development for dummies [electronic resource] / by Elaine Biech, CPLP Fellow ; foreword by Tony Bingham, President and CEO, Association for Talent Development

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Biech, Elaine

Full Article

Transforming legacy organizations [electronic resource] : turn your established business into an innovation champion to win the future / Kris Oestergaard

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Oestergaard, Kris, 1973- author

Full Article

Transforming public and nonprofit organizations [electronic resource] : stewardship for leading change / James Edwin Kee, Kathryn E. Newcomer

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Kee, James Edwin

Full Article

Turn enemies into allies [electronic resource] : the art of peace in the workplace / Judy Ringer ; foreword by James Warda ; illustrations by Adam Richardson

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Ringer, Judy, 1949- author

Full Article

UX Fundamentals for Non-UX Professionals [electronic resource] : User Experience Principles for Managers, Writers, Designers, and Developers / by Edward Stull

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Stull, Edward. author

Full Article

What great service leaders know and do [electronic resource] : creating breakthroughs in service firms / James L. Heskett, W. Earl Sasser Jr., Leonard A. Schlesinger

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Heskett, James L

Full Article

What is product management? [electronic resource] / Richard Banfield, Martin Eriksson, and Nate Walkingshaw

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Banfield, Richard, author

Full Article

Which way forward? [electronic resource] : people, forests, and policymaking in Indonesia / edited by Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Ida Aju Pradnja Resosudarmo

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

WordPress [electronic resource] / Jessica Neuman Beck and Matt Beck

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Beck, Jessica Neuman

Full Article

Working with IBM Records Manager [electronic resource] / Wei-Dong Zhu, Serena S. Chan, Gunther Flaig, Yi Wang, Keith Wheeler, R. Hogg, Yolanda Yates

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Zhu, Wei-Dong, author

Full Article

The WorldatWork handbook of compensation, benefits & total rewards [electronic resource] : a comprehensive guide for HR professionals / Worldatwork

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Full Article

Your first 60 days as a leader [electronic resource] : set and sell your vision / Richard Hall

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Hall, Richard, 1944- author

Full Article

Your success in the retail business (collection) [electronic resource] / Richard Hammond, Barry Berman

By prospero.murdoch.edu.au
Published On ::

Hammond, Richard, author

Full Article

JAMA Internal Medicine : Association Between Offering Limited LVEF Echocardiograms and Overall Use of Echocardiography

By traffic.libsyn.com
Published On :: Mon, 23 Jul 2018 15:00:00 +0000

Interview with Alexander T. Sandhu, MD, MS, author of Association Between Offering Limited Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Echocardiograms and Overall Use of Echocardiography

Full Article

JAMA Cardiology : Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of LDL Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels

By traffic.libsyn.com
Published On :: Wed, 01 Aug 2018 15:00:00 +0000

Interview with Marc S. Sabatine, MD, MPH, author of Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels: A Meta-analysis

Full Article

Admen and Eve : the Bible in contemporary advertising / Katie B. Edwards

Jesus beyond nationalism : constructing the historical Jesus in a period of cultural complexity / edited by Halvor Moxnes, Ward Blanton and James G. Crossley

Jesus, skepticism & the problem of history : criteria & context in the study of Christian origins / Darrell L. Bock and J. Ed Komoszewski, editors ; foreword by N.T. Wright

Understanding the social world of the New Testament / edited by Dietmar Neufeld and Richard E. DeMaris

Bible. English. New Revised Standard. 2018

The Oxford handbook of Christianity and economics / edited by Paul Oslington

Unheard voices in the Bible / guest editor, Dr L. Sutton

Fakes, forgeries, and fictions : writing ancient and modern Christian apocrypha : proceedings from the 2015 York University Christian Apocrypha Symposium / edited by Tony Burke ; foreword by Andrew Gregory

Myths and mistakes in New Testament textual criticism / edited by Elijah Hixson and Peter J. Gurry ; foreword by Daniel B. Wallace

The New Testament in its world : an introduction to the history, literature, and theology of the first Christians / N.T. Wright, Michael F. Bird

The governor and the king : irony, hidden transcripts, and negotiating empire in the Fourth Gospel / Arthur M. Wright Jr. ; foreword by Frances Taylor Gench

Queer theology : rethinking the Western body / edited by Gerard Loughlin

Kierkegaard's theological sociology : prophetic fire for the present age / Paul Tyson

Jesus and nonviolence : a third way / Walter Wink

Rainbow Spirit theology : towards an Australian Aboriginal theology / by the Rainbow Spirit elders

1 Corinthians : a pastoral commentary / J. Ayodeji Adewuya ; foreword by Daniel K. Darko

Jesus's manifesto : the Sermon on the Plain / Roman A. Montero ; foreword by James Crossley

Edmund Campion : a scholarly life / Gerard Kilroy

Richard Hooker, beyond certainty / Andrea Russell (the Queen's Foundation for Ecumenical Theological Education, Birmingham, UK)

Novel lightweight open-cell polypropylene foams for filtering hazardous materials

Europium oxide nanorod-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites towards supercapacitors

Anatomy of an HTML5 WordPress theme

HTML5 templates

A clean theme

Removing actions from wp_head()

Removing an empty <span>

Displaying images in the excerpt

Conditional next/prev links

Summary

Further reading

Ladybird macro photographs

Using HTML5 elements in WordPress post content

Disable wpautop for your theme

Modify wpautop to recognise HTML5 elements

Room for improvement

Multiple Backgrounds and Borders with CSS 2.1

How does it work?

What effects can be achieved?

Example code: multiple background images

Example code: fluid faux columns

Example code: multiple borders

Progressive enhancement and legacy browsers

A warning about Firefox 3.0

Enhancing with CSS3

In the future: CSS3 pseudo-elements

Let me know what you’ve done

Translations

Custom Tweet Button for WordPress

How to use

Why make your own Tweet Button?

How the custom Tweet Button works

Further enhancements

Coronavirus | Odisha records 52 cases, highest single-day spike

SC stays Orissa HC order on testing migrants

Hail storm hits state hard

Strategic excellence in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries [electronic resource] : how AEC firms can develop and execute strategy using lean Six Sigma / Gerhard Plenert and Joshua J. Plenert

Supply chain management process standards [electronic resource] : deliver processes / Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals

Sustainable engineering [electronic resource] : concepts, design, and case studies / David T. Allen, David R. Shonnard

Systemisk projektledelse [electronic resource] / Henrik Schelde Andersen og Katrine Raae Søndergaard (red.)

Talent-Gespräche [electronic resource] : Worum es geht, weshalb sie wichtig sind, wie sie richtig geführt werden / Roland Smith und Michael Campbell

Tous DRH [electronic resource] : les meilleures pratiques par 51 professionnels / Jean-Rémy Acar, David Alis, Michèle Amiel, Nathalie Atlan-Landaburu, David Autissier, Charles-Henri Bessyre Des Horts, Laurent Bibard, Frank Bournois, Jacques Bouv

Training and development for dummies [electronic resource] / by Elaine Biech, CPLP Fellow ; foreword by Tony Bingham, President and CEO, Association for Talent Development

Transforming legacy organizations [electronic resource] : turn your established business into an innovation champion to win the future / Kris Oestergaard

Transforming public and nonprofit organizations [electronic resource] : stewardship for leading change / James Edwin Kee, Kathryn E. Newcomer

Turn enemies into allies [electronic resource] : the art of peace in the workplace / Judy Ringer ; foreword by James Warda ; illustrations by Adam Richardson

UX Fundamentals for Non-UX Professionals [electronic resource] : User Experience Principles for Managers, Writers, Designers, and Developers / by Edward Stull

What great service leaders know and do [electronic resource] : creating breakthroughs in service firms / James L. Heskett, W. Earl Sasser Jr., Leonard A. Schlesinger

What is product management? [electronic resource] / Richard Banfield, Martin Eriksson, and Nate Walkingshaw

Which way forward? [electronic resource] : people, forests, and policymaking in Indonesia / edited by Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Ida Aju Pradnja Resosudarmo

WordPress [electronic resource] / Jessica Neuman Beck and Matt Beck

Working with IBM Records Manager [electronic resource] / Wei-Dong Zhu, Serena S. Chan, Gunther Flaig, Yi Wang, Keith Wheeler, R. Hogg, Yolanda Yates

The WorldatWork handbook of compensation, benefits & total rewards [electronic resource] : a comprehensive guide for HR professionals / Worldatwork

Your first 60 days as a leader [electronic resource] : set and sell your vision / Richard Hall

Your success in the retail business (collection) [electronic resource] / Richard Hammond, Barry Berman

JAMA Internal Medicine : Association Between Offering Limited LVEF Echocardiograms and Overall Use of Echocardiography

JAMA Cardiology : Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of LDL Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels

SIA Releases New Version of OSDP Standard

New Standards for Real-Life Dough Testing

Conagra Brands Announces Sustainable Development Award Winners

Tuftex, Anderson partner for Color Coordinates selling system

Removing an empty `<span>`

Disable `wpautop` for your theme

Modify `wpautop` to recognise HTML5 elements