da Trinidad denies supplying fuel to Venezuela By www.argusmedia.com Published On :: 07 May 2020 16:21 (+01:00 GMT) Full Article Oil products Gasoline Trinidad and Tobago Venezuela Freight Politics Sanctions
da Maduro seizes advantage after foiled plot: Update By www.argusmedia.com Published On :: 08 May 2020 23:19 (+01:00 GMT) Full Article Crude oil Venezuela Politics Sanctions
da COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
da Lauda slams Schumacher move By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Mon, 02 Aug 2010 08:03:01 GMT Triple world champion Niki Lauda has slammed Michael Schumacher's driving while competing with Rubens Barrichello at the Hungarian Grand Prix and labelled it "completely unacceptable" Full Article
da Driver reaction after Saturday qualifying By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Sun, 29 Aug 2010 11:19:11 GMT Read what the drivers had to say after a rain-affected qualifying at Spa Francorchamps Full Article
da From Digital Diplomacy to Data Diplomacy By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: Jan 14, 2020 Jan 14, 2020The digital revolution arrived late at the heart of ministries of foreign affairs across the Western world. Ministries latched on to social media around the time of Tahrir Square and Iran’s 2009 Green Revolution, beguiled by a vision of the technology engendering a networked evolution toward more liberal societies. Full Article
da Impeachment Brings Clarity in Rough Days By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: Jan 24, 2020 Jan 24, 2020Since Watergate, presidents and their aides have warned that impeachment is destabilizing to foreign policy. But history suggests otherwise. Presidential scandals create uncertainty abroad, but the impeachment process itself seems to bring clarity and resolution. Full Article
da Seat and pedal position change for Bottas By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Thu, 26 Mar 2015 11:17:45 GMT Williams has changed the positioning of Valtteri Bottas' seat and pedals to ensure he does not suffer a repeat of the back injury which ruled him of the Australian Grand Prix Full Article
da Raikkonen confident he can adapt to Pirellis By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Thu, 01 Dec 2011 08:49:53 GMT Kimi Raikkonen is confident he will be able to adapt quickly to the Pirelli tyres when he makes his comeback with Renault next season Full Article
da Damage limitation for Mercedes By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Sun, 25 Jul 2010 16:01:29 GMT Mercedes drivers Nico Rosberg and Michael Schumacher admitted there was not much more they could have done after a frustrating German Grand Prix saw them finish in 8th and 9th respectively on home soil Full Article
da FIA set Ferrari hearing date By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Tue, 03 Aug 2010 10:08:02 GMT The FIA's World Motor Sport Council (WMSC) will consider Ferrari's team orders breach on 8 September Full Article
da Lauda expects Ferrari 'pasting' By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Thu, 19 Aug 2010 17:06:59 GMT Former three-time world champion Niki Lauda believes Ferrari will "get a pasting" when they face the sport's governing body next month over allegations of race fixing Full Article
da No further punishment for Ferrari in team orders scandal By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Thu, 09 Sep 2010 07:40:55 GMT Ferrari has avoided further punishment for its actions at the 2010 German Grand Prix, after appearing in front of the FIA's World Motor Sport Council (WMSC) in Paris on Wednesday Full Article
da COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
da Africa in the news: The Uganda-EU deal, politics, airlines, and COVID-19 updates By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Sat, 21 Mar 2020 11:30:42 +0000 Uganda and the European Union strengthen trade and business relationship Earlier this month, Uganda hosted a delegation from the European Union (EU) for the first-ever Uganda-Europe Business Forum. The forum is a part of a larger effort to “facilitate collaboration between private and public actors and partnership between Ugandan and European companies, in the framework… Full Article
da Africa in the news: COVID-19 impacts African economies and daily lives; clashes in the Sahel By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Sat, 11 Apr 2020 11:30:53 +0000 African governments begin borrowing from IMF, World Bank to soften hit from COVID-19 This week, several countries and multilateral organizations announced additional measures to combat the economic fallout from COVID-19 in Africa. Among the actions taken by countries, Uganda’s central bank cut its benchmark interest rate by 1 percentage point to 8 percent and directed… Full Article
da Africa in the news: COVID-19, Côte d’Ivoire, and Safaricom updates By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Sat, 02 May 2020 11:30:23 +0000 African governments take varying approaches to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 As of this writing, Africa has registered over 39,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 1,600 deaths, with most cases concentrated in the north of the continent as well as in South Africa. African countries have enacted various forms of lockdowns, external and internal border closures,… Full Article
da The fundamental connection between education and Boko Haram in Nigeria By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 20:51:38 +0000 On April 2, as Nigeria’s megacity Lagos and its capital Abuja locked down to control the spread of the coronavirus, the country’s military announced a massive operation — joining forces with neighboring Chad and Niger — against the terrorist group Boko Haram and its offshoot, the Islamic State’s West Africa Province. This spring offensive was… Full Article
da COVID-19 has thrust universities into online learning—how should they adapt? By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Mon, 30 Mar 2020 17:13:44 +0000 There is one golden rule for flying with an infant or toddler: Do whatever it takes to get through the flight peacefully with no harm done. Every parent knows this means relaxing their standards. Planting your kid in front of an iPad screen or giving them not so healthy treats might not win you a… Full Article
da 8 recommendations for universities and professors during the coronavirus pandemic By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Fri, 03 Apr 2020 19:07:23 +0000 Over 200 colleges and universities have closed in the United States due to the coronavirus pandemic. Some have canceled in-person classes for the rest of the spring 2020 semester, while others have canceled graduation. Universities are trying to make decisions in a fluid and unprecedented environment. Professors and instructors face their own challenges as they… Full Article
da The Low-Yield Nuclear Warhead: A Dangerous Weapon Based on Bad Strategic Thinking By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Jan 28, 2020 Jan 28, 2020In the unintuitive world of nuclear weapons strategy, it’s often difficult to identify which decisions can serve to decrease the risk of a devastating nuclear conflict and which might instead increase it. Such complexity stems from the very foundation of the field: Nuclear weapons are widely seen as bombs built never to be used. Historically, granular—even seemingly mundane—decisions about force structure, research efforts, or communicated strategy have confounded planners, sometimes causing the opposite of the intended effect. Full Article
da Budapest Memorandum at 25: Between Past and Future By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Mar 17, 2020 Mar 17, 2020On December 5, 1994, leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation met in Budapest, Hungary, to pledge security assurances to Ukraine in connection with its accession to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapons state. The signature of the so-called Budapest Memorandum concluded arduous negotiations that resulted in Ukraine’s agreement to relinquish the world’s third-largest nuclear arsenal, which the country inherited from the collapsed Soviet Union, and transfer all nuclear warheads to Russia for dismantlement. The signatories of the memorandum pledged to respect Ukraine’s territorial integrity and inviolability of its borders, and to refrain from the use or threat of military force. Russia breached these commitments with its annexation of Crimea in 2014 and aggression in eastern Ukraine, bringing the meaning and value of security assurance pledged in the Memorandum under renewed scrutiny. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the memorandum’s signature, the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, with the support of the Center for U.S.-Ukrainian Relations and the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, hosted a conference to revisit the history of the Budapest Memorandum, consider the repercussions of its violation for international security and the broader nonproliferation regime, and draw lessons for the future. The conference brought together academics, practitioners, and experts who have contributed to developing U.S. policy toward post-Soviet nuclear disarmament, participated in the negotiations of the Budapest Memorandum, and dealt with the repercussions of its breach in 2014. The conference highlighted five key lessons learned from the experience of Ukraine’s disarmament, highlighted at the conference. Full Article
da Honda running 'very conservative' due to higher temps By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Sat, 14 Mar 2015 11:31:40 GMT Honda is running its engines on "very conservative" settings at the first race of the season in Australia for fear of damaging one of its four power units per car Full Article
da The Low-Yield Nuclear Warhead: A Dangerous Weapon Based on Bad Strategic Thinking By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Jan 28, 2020 Jan 28, 2020In the unintuitive world of nuclear weapons strategy, it’s often difficult to identify which decisions can serve to decrease the risk of a devastating nuclear conflict and which might instead increase it. Such complexity stems from the very foundation of the field: Nuclear weapons are widely seen as bombs built never to be used. Historically, granular—even seemingly mundane—decisions about force structure, research efforts, or communicated strategy have confounded planners, sometimes causing the opposite of the intended effect. Full Article
da Budapest Memorandum at 25: Between Past and Future By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Mar 17, 2020 Mar 17, 2020On December 5, 1994, leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation met in Budapest, Hungary, to pledge security assurances to Ukraine in connection with its accession to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapons state. The signature of the so-called Budapest Memorandum concluded arduous negotiations that resulted in Ukraine’s agreement to relinquish the world’s third-largest nuclear arsenal, which the country inherited from the collapsed Soviet Union, and transfer all nuclear warheads to Russia for dismantlement. The signatories of the memorandum pledged to respect Ukraine’s territorial integrity and inviolability of its borders, and to refrain from the use or threat of military force. Russia breached these commitments with its annexation of Crimea in 2014 and aggression in eastern Ukraine, bringing the meaning and value of security assurance pledged in the Memorandum under renewed scrutiny. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the memorandum’s signature, the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, with the support of the Center for U.S.-Ukrainian Relations and the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, hosted a conference to revisit the history of the Budapest Memorandum, consider the repercussions of its violation for international security and the broader nonproliferation regime, and draw lessons for the future. The conference brought together academics, practitioners, and experts who have contributed to developing U.S. policy toward post-Soviet nuclear disarmament, participated in the negotiations of the Budapest Memorandum, and dealt with the repercussions of its breach in 2014. The conference highlighted five key lessons learned from the experience of Ukraine’s disarmament, highlighted at the conference. Full Article
da The Low-Yield Nuclear Warhead: A Dangerous Weapon Based on Bad Strategic Thinking By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Jan 28, 2020 Jan 28, 2020In the unintuitive world of nuclear weapons strategy, it’s often difficult to identify which decisions can serve to decrease the risk of a devastating nuclear conflict and which might instead increase it. Such complexity stems from the very foundation of the field: Nuclear weapons are widely seen as bombs built never to be used. Historically, granular—even seemingly mundane—decisions about force structure, research efforts, or communicated strategy have confounded planners, sometimes causing the opposite of the intended effect. Full Article
da Budapest Memorandum at 25: Between Past and Future By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Mar 17, 2020 Mar 17, 2020On December 5, 1994, leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation met in Budapest, Hungary, to pledge security assurances to Ukraine in connection with its accession to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapons state. The signature of the so-called Budapest Memorandum concluded arduous negotiations that resulted in Ukraine’s agreement to relinquish the world’s third-largest nuclear arsenal, which the country inherited from the collapsed Soviet Union, and transfer all nuclear warheads to Russia for dismantlement. The signatories of the memorandum pledged to respect Ukraine’s territorial integrity and inviolability of its borders, and to refrain from the use or threat of military force. Russia breached these commitments with its annexation of Crimea in 2014 and aggression in eastern Ukraine, bringing the meaning and value of security assurance pledged in the Memorandum under renewed scrutiny. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the memorandum’s signature, the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, with the support of the Center for U.S.-Ukrainian Relations and the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, hosted a conference to revisit the history of the Budapest Memorandum, consider the repercussions of its violation for international security and the broader nonproliferation regime, and draw lessons for the future. The conference brought together academics, practitioners, and experts who have contributed to developing U.S. policy toward post-Soviet nuclear disarmament, participated in the negotiations of the Budapest Memorandum, and dealt with the repercussions of its breach in 2014. The conference highlighted five key lessons learned from the experience of Ukraine’s disarmament, highlighted at the conference. Full Article
da Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
da Vettel adamant he was not to blame By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Mon, 07 Jun 2010 15:01:36 GMT Sebastian Vettel has told the BBC he is not favoured by Red Bull after his team absolved him of blame for the collision with Mark Webber Full Article
da Vettel bouyed by smoothest Friday session By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Fri, 13 Mar 2015 11:03:56 GMT Sebastian Vettel says he cannot remember a smoother Friday practice session after Ferrari turned in a strong performance on the opening day in Melbourne Full Article
da The Low-Yield Nuclear Warhead: A Dangerous Weapon Based on Bad Strategic Thinking By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Jan 28, 2020 Jan 28, 2020In the unintuitive world of nuclear weapons strategy, it’s often difficult to identify which decisions can serve to decrease the risk of a devastating nuclear conflict and which might instead increase it. Such complexity stems from the very foundation of the field: Nuclear weapons are widely seen as bombs built never to be used. Historically, granular—even seemingly mundane—decisions about force structure, research efforts, or communicated strategy have confounded planners, sometimes causing the opposite of the intended effect. Full Article
da Budapest Memorandum at 25: Between Past and Future By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Mar 17, 2020 Mar 17, 2020On December 5, 1994, leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation met in Budapest, Hungary, to pledge security assurances to Ukraine in connection with its accession to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapons state. The signature of the so-called Budapest Memorandum concluded arduous negotiations that resulted in Ukraine’s agreement to relinquish the world’s third-largest nuclear arsenal, which the country inherited from the collapsed Soviet Union, and transfer all nuclear warheads to Russia for dismantlement. The signatories of the memorandum pledged to respect Ukraine’s territorial integrity and inviolability of its borders, and to refrain from the use or threat of military force. Russia breached these commitments with its annexation of Crimea in 2014 and aggression in eastern Ukraine, bringing the meaning and value of security assurance pledged in the Memorandum under renewed scrutiny. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the memorandum’s signature, the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, with the support of the Center for U.S.-Ukrainian Relations and the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, hosted a conference to revisit the history of the Budapest Memorandum, consider the repercussions of its violation for international security and the broader nonproliferation regime, and draw lessons for the future. The conference brought together academics, practitioners, and experts who have contributed to developing U.S. policy toward post-Soviet nuclear disarmament, participated in the negotiations of the Budapest Memorandum, and dealt with the repercussions of its breach in 2014. The conference highlighted five key lessons learned from the experience of Ukraine’s disarmament, highlighted at the conference. Full Article
da COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
da Schumacher satisfied with 'straightforward' day By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Sat, 08 May 2010 15:17:07 GMT Michael Schumacher confessed himself satisfied with his performance after outpacing team-mate Nico Rosberg for the first time this season Full Article
da Senna says his HRT is damaged By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Sun, 09 May 2010 10:53:34 GMT Bruno Senna believes his HRT chassis is carrying an inherent problem this weekend Full Article
da Sending Refugees Back Makes the World More Dangerous By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Nov 27, 2019 Nov 27, 2019Repatriating refugees to dangerous countries violates international law and breeds conflict, instability, and future crises. Regional work visas and long-term integration into host countries are more promising solutions. Full Article
da Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
da The Low-Yield Nuclear Warhead: A Dangerous Weapon Based on Bad Strategic Thinking By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Jan 28, 2020 Jan 28, 2020In the unintuitive world of nuclear weapons strategy, it’s often difficult to identify which decisions can serve to decrease the risk of a devastating nuclear conflict and which might instead increase it. Such complexity stems from the very foundation of the field: Nuclear weapons are widely seen as bombs built never to be used. Historically, granular—even seemingly mundane—decisions about force structure, research efforts, or communicated strategy have confounded planners, sometimes causing the opposite of the intended effect. Full Article
da Budapest Memorandum at 25: Between Past and Future By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Mar 17, 2020 Mar 17, 2020On December 5, 1994, leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation met in Budapest, Hungary, to pledge security assurances to Ukraine in connection with its accession to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapons state. The signature of the so-called Budapest Memorandum concluded arduous negotiations that resulted in Ukraine’s agreement to relinquish the world’s third-largest nuclear arsenal, which the country inherited from the collapsed Soviet Union, and transfer all nuclear warheads to Russia for dismantlement. The signatories of the memorandum pledged to respect Ukraine’s territorial integrity and inviolability of its borders, and to refrain from the use or threat of military force. Russia breached these commitments with its annexation of Crimea in 2014 and aggression in eastern Ukraine, bringing the meaning and value of security assurance pledged in the Memorandum under renewed scrutiny. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the memorandum’s signature, the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, with the support of the Center for U.S.-Ukrainian Relations and the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, hosted a conference to revisit the history of the Budapest Memorandum, consider the repercussions of its violation for international security and the broader nonproliferation regime, and draw lessons for the future. The conference brought together academics, practitioners, and experts who have contributed to developing U.S. policy toward post-Soviet nuclear disarmament, participated in the negotiations of the Budapest Memorandum, and dealt with the repercussions of its breach in 2014. The conference highlighted five key lessons learned from the experience of Ukraine’s disarmament, highlighted at the conference. Full Article
da Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
da Encrypted messaging apps are the future of propaganda By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Fri, 01 May 2020 15:17:32 +0000 In recent years, propaganda campaigns utilizing disinformation and spread on encrypted messaging applications (EMAs) have contributed to rising levels of offline violence in a variety of countries worldwide: Brazil, India, Mexico, Myanmar, South Africa, Sri Lanka, the United States, and Venezuela. EMAs are quickly becoming the preferred medium for complex and covert propaganda campaigns in… Full Article
da Recognizing women’s important role in Jordan’s COVID-19 response By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Wed, 29 Apr 2020 18:47:07 +0000 Jordan’s quick response to the COVID-19 outbreak has made many Jordanians, including myself, feel safe and proud. The prime minister and his cabinet’s response has been commended globally, as the epicenter in the country has been identified and contained. But at the same time, such accolades have been focused on the males, erasing the important… Full Article
da Ricciardo on top after positive day for Red Bull By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Fri, 20 Feb 2015 17:24:46 GMT Daniel Ricciardo led the mileage count and the timing screen on the second day of this week's test in Barcelona as Red Bull recorded its most encouraging day of 2015 so far Full Article
da Hulkenberg to debut Force India's VJM08 on Friday By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Thu, 26 Feb 2015 09:25:56 GMT Force India plans to debut its 2015 challenger on Friday afternoon in Barcelona, with Nico Hulkenberg scheduled to be behind the wheel Full Article
da Bottas tops final day of testing By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Sun, 01 Mar 2015 17:23:25 GMT Valtteri Bottas put Williams top on the final day of winter testing in Barcelona as the size of the gap between Mercedes and the chasing pack became clearer Full Article
da Raikkonen lost downforce with puncture damage By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Sun, 29 Mar 2015 14:19:07 GMT Kimi Raikkonen's Ferrari lost downforce as a result of the puncture he suffered at the start of the Malaysian Grand Prix Full Article
da Lauda: Vettel 'not boring anymore' By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Mon, 30 Mar 2015 09:40:36 GMT Three-time world champion Niki Lauda says Sebastian Vettel's victory in Malaysia was good for Formula One and the German driver's own image after the reputation he built between 2010 and 2013 Full Article
da The Low-Yield Nuclear Warhead: A Dangerous Weapon Based on Bad Strategic Thinking By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: Jan 28, 2020 Jan 28, 2020In the unintuitive world of nuclear weapons strategy, it’s often difficult to identify which decisions can serve to decrease the risk of a devastating nuclear conflict and which might instead increase it. Such complexity stems from the very foundation of the field: Nuclear weapons are widely seen as bombs built never to be used. Historically, granular—even seemingly mundane—decisions about force structure, research efforts, or communicated strategy have confounded planners, sometimes causing the opposite of the intended effect. Full Article
da Budapest Memorandum at 25: Between Past and Future By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: Mar 17, 2020 Mar 17, 2020On December 5, 1994, leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation met in Budapest, Hungary, to pledge security assurances to Ukraine in connection with its accession to the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapons state. The signature of the so-called Budapest Memorandum concluded arduous negotiations that resulted in Ukraine’s agreement to relinquish the world’s third-largest nuclear arsenal, which the country inherited from the collapsed Soviet Union, and transfer all nuclear warheads to Russia for dismantlement. The signatories of the memorandum pledged to respect Ukraine’s territorial integrity and inviolability of its borders, and to refrain from the use or threat of military force. Russia breached these commitments with its annexation of Crimea in 2014 and aggression in eastern Ukraine, bringing the meaning and value of security assurance pledged in the Memorandum under renewed scrutiny. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the memorandum’s signature, the Project on Managing the Atom at the Belfer Center for Science & International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School, with the support of the Center for U.S.-Ukrainian Relations and the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, hosted a conference to revisit the history of the Budapest Memorandum, consider the repercussions of its violation for international security and the broader nonproliferation regime, and draw lessons for the future. The conference brought together academics, practitioners, and experts who have contributed to developing U.S. policy toward post-Soviet nuclear disarmament, participated in the negotiations of the Budapest Memorandum, and dealt with the repercussions of its breach in 2014. The conference highlighted five key lessons learned from the experience of Ukraine’s disarmament, highlighted at the conference. Full Article
da Hamilton tops Friday practice ahead of Vettel By en.espnf1.com Published On :: Fri, 23 Nov 2012 18:07:21 GMT Lewis Hamilton set the pace in second practice after McLaren made a strong start to the Brazilian Grand Prix weekend Full Article